When to plant tomato seedlings in March. How to grow good tomato seedlings at home? Care of tomato seedlings after planting

should be considered by all, without exception, gardeners, because they are based on many years of experience of hardworking summer residents. Tomatoes grow in each garden, and young housewives face the same difficulties and ask the same questions - how and when to plant seeds for seedlings in order to get well-developed bushes in time, ready to be transplanted to the ground or greenhouse. It is worth noting that tomato seeds can be stored for 5 years and all will also be fruitful.

When to plant tomato seedlings on the lunar calendar.

Lucky days for tomatoes in January, as the moon says:
  17th, 30th;
  February: 13-15;
  March: 13, 16;
  in April: 8, 9, 14;
  May: 11, 17, 25.

It should also be borne in mind that 2 months after planting, it will be time to transplant seedlings into a greenhouse, which should already be quite warm. By this time, the plants should reach 25 centimeters in height.

How to plant cucumbers in open ground.

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How to grow cauliflower. Care, planting cauliflower.

Why do cucumbers turn yellow leaves and what to do about it.

February and March are the months when we actively start making tomatoes. Choose top seeds   tomatoes, stocking ground and pots for seedlings. Let's see what works are carried out by real gardeners, and most importantly how and when to plant tomatoes for seedlings.

February   - The right time to purchase the soil and prepare the boxes for seedlings of pepper, tomato and eggplant. All future harvest is laid in the seedling period. By the way, it will be said that plant transplantation is a necessary measure, to which summer residents are forced to use for the earlier development of plants and acceleration of fruit ripening.

When to plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2016

• Tall tomatoes, as well as peppers and eggplant are sown on seedlings in late February from the 20th to the 10th of March.
• Tomatoes that are planning to transplant in a greenhouse in April are planted on seedlings in February in landing days. These are on February 13, 14, 15 and February 18, 2016.
• Early and mid-ripening varieties of tomato are sown on seedlings in March, on favorable planting days. In 2016, tomato seedlings are planted on -13 and 16 March. Possible planting of tomatoes in the period of the growing moon, which in 2016 lasts from the 10th to the 22nd of March.
• In April, there are several favorable days when you can plant tomatoes on seedlings, if you have not already done so. In this case, choose sowing on seedlings of superdeterminate undersized varieties and hybrids for open ground, ultra-early varieties or cherry tomatoes. The best days for planting a tomato in April are 8, 9 and 14 number.

When planting large tomato seeds and tomatoes.

Large, very tall varieties of tomatoes, such as Russian Size, Pink Giant, Bull Heart, as a rule are late-ripening, therefore they should be planted in the third decade of February.

How to plant tomatoes in seedlings.

Preparation of tomato seeds for planting according to the method tested by Grandma:

• To plant tomatoes on seedlings at home soak tomato seeds in advance. Wrap the seeds in a cloth or bandage and moisten with warm water. Let lie so day.
• Stock up on fertile land, you can buy, and you can dig in the garden in the fall. Pour the ground into a fairly large container - for example, a cake lid.
• Sprinkle a little over the cooked soil to make it wet. Lightly palm the ground.
• At a distance of 3 cm from each other, place the seeds on the ground, sprinkle the ground on top very slightly. And again clap the palm rest.
• Now water well. And on top, cover the seedling box with glass or just a package to create a greenhouse effect.
• Put the box in a warm dark place.
• After a couple of days, when tomato sprouts appear, remove the film and place the box in a bright place.

Many gardeners adhere to the same method and sow tomato seeds exactly 4 to 4 in a box with humus soil. After planting the seeds, cover the container with film or glass and place in a warm place. With the advent of sprouts, after 3-4 days the film is removed and put the seedlings on the bright window sill. If the window on which stands the box with the seedlings is not southern, then they put a fluorescent lamp so that the tomato seedlings receive enough light for development.

How to grow tomato seedlings.

As soon as you have the first shoots of tomato seedlings do not forget to feed them. Fertilizing should begin as soon as the seedbed leaves turn and the plant goes to root-feeding, you should not wait for the appearance of real leaves. Combine top dressing with irrigation, that is, instead of water for irrigation, use a weak fertilizer solution. “Uniflor-bud” is suitable for this, if you do not find such top dressing, then you can use “Chemira-Lux” or flower dressing. It is enough to dilute 1 teaspoon for 3-5 liters of water.

It should be noted that these solutions are worth unlimited time. Seedlings should be watered moderately, the soil should be slightly wet. When growing in a greenhouse, use an automatic irrigation system. A typical mistake gardeners - excessive watering. This leads to:

• root killing due to lack of oxygen
• souring the soil
• the appearance of the black fruit fly-thrush, feeding on plant rot.

It is necessary to transplant the seedlings to a more spacious place after 20 days, so that for each plant there is a place measuring 12 x 12 cm. This place will be enough for another 20 days. In the ground under the film or in the greenhouse of polycarbonate 45 day seedlings are planted. When transplanting seedlings of tomatoes, take the plant along with the cubes of the soil, so as not to damage the roots.

When growing seedlings in winter greenhouseInstall LED lights for greenhouses.

In this case, do not forget that seedlings - this is a plant. And you need to treat it as an adult plant, if you give it a little light or space, then tomato seedlings will grow bad. From bad seedlings will not work good plant. He will not catch up and not make up, he will only pretend, but in fact he will not give half of the harvest.

A good tomato seedling is when the plant grows without interference, in an open, sunny place, with plenty of heat, nutrition, and moisture. The main rule of seedlings: each plant space and light! Good seedlings grow more in breadth than height. A month later, the trunk of the seedling tomato should be as thick as a pencil. LED lighting comes to the rescue.

How, when to plant seedlings of tomatoes, and most importantly - to grow seedlings of large-fruited varieties of tomatoes for planting in the greenhouse:

superda4nik.ru

What time do you need to plant tomatoes for seedlings?

In time planted seeds guarantee timely seedlings, good growth, development and high fruiting. Gardeners are often mistaken when planting tomatoes for seedlings, because this procedure depends on the influence of many factors of weather, light and temperature. How, when and how to plant tomatoes, we will talk in today's article.

Planting dates

Tomatoes grown in mid-February at the time of disembarkation have time to stretch out and get sick. Vegetables that have risen by mid-March will be stronger. Each gardener must correctly determine the date when it is necessary to plant tomato seedlings, and before that - planting time.

Need to understand: when we plant the plants on permanent place, they should be provided with the most comfortable conditions. The slightest frosts can destroy tomatoes and all the labor. If the air temperature for several days is below +5 degrees, the nightshade will stop growing and will continue to hurt.

In determining the timing of planting seedlings for a permanent place, you must take into account the region where your garden is located, the equipment of the greenhouse and permanent residence in the country. For example, in Siberia and the Leningrad region this time will be different. In the latter region, in order to plant tomatoes in unheated greenhouses, sowing is best done after March 15.

If you set a date when planting tomatoes, count from it 55-65 days ago. When you grow seedlings by picking, take seven more days. The resulting number is the date when to sow the tomatoes. For example, if the date of landing at a fixed place is the 1st of June, then it should be planted in the last days of March.

Gardeners are often guided by the lunar calendar to determine the time when it is possible to plant tomato seedlings. The phases of the moon affect all areas of our life. In a similar calendar, everything is painted for gardeners. Moon phases   recommend doing the first crops February 20-22. It is better to choose varieties for taste and for preservation: “Persimmon”, “De Barao”, “Yellow Giant”, hybrid “Zlatozar”.

All chemical and biological processes in them are inhibited. The task of the vegetable grower is to awaken and give impetus to a long chain of natural transformations.

Secrets of the correct sowing

But before you do this, the embryos must be decontaminated. To do this, they are placed for 20 minutes in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate (1 gram per 0.5 glass of water). In order to speed up the ripening of tomatoes, it is possible to make pre-sowing germ embedding in solutions of microelements or growth stimulants. You can use this method: soak in the infusion of wood ash (pour half a liter of water and add 1 tablespoon of ash). After stirring, leave the liquid for two days, stirring occasionally. Having swept the grain in a gauze bag, you need to lower the future tomatoes for 4-5 hours.

Now your embryos are disinfected and impregnated with microelements. It is time to begin the process of their awakening. Remember - the grains need oxygen, moisture and heat. Wrap them in wet gauze or a rag by placing it on a saucer. Then put all this in a plastic bag and provide heat in the range of 22-28 degrees.

It is important to know that it is impossible to soak future tomatoes in a container with water - they will not receive enough oxygen and should not be placed near batteries with temperatures above 30 degrees.

There are industrial methods for preparing embryos - coating, or granulation. They are covered with a protective sheath of organic-mineral nutrient mixture. If you purchased such grains, they do not need to be soaked and processed beforehand. The coated grains are planted dry so as not to wash off the protective sheath.

Grains that have received heat, moisture and oxygen appear sprouts in 2-3 days. This means that it is time to sow them. Tomatoes are grown with or without a pick, while grains are planted immediately in pots. When landing without picking a large area is required. More often seedlings grow with picks. In the prepared container pour the soil mixture. If you sow future seedlings in an individual container, the height from the ground to the edge should be at least 10 cm. If you are planning to dive further, then a height of 6 cm is sufficient.

Water the soil with warm water. You can make grooves after 3-4 cm depth to 1 cm and in 1-2 cm spread out the embryos. Then pour and moisten the grooves. You can simply spread out the embryos on the surface in rows, top it with a 1 cm layer of earth and pour it over. For planting choose sprouting grains, because they have more energy and will not lag behind in development.

Pack the sifted sprouts in a plastic bag. If seedboxes large sizes, you can cover them with glass. This is done so that the soil mass is constantly wet. Put in a warm place with a temperature of 25-27 degrees. In this state, the tomatoes will be up to the first shoots. After the plants need to be transferred to the light.

Landing time

The time when you can plant tomato seedlings is the beginning of June. It is impossible to give accurate recommendations, because in each climatic zone has its own characteristics. Climate change, abrupt changes in weather conditions force vegetable growers to plant vegetables when constant heat is established. This temperature is not lower than 20 degrees during the day and 12 degrees at night. Focus on the lunar calendar. You should look at the condition of the plants - it is better to plant them when the stem height has reached 25-30 cm. If the ground is well warmed up, after planting the vegetables will tie up the fruits in a week.

Residents of the southern regions should be guided by the following calendar dates when it is necessary to plant tomato seedlings:

• early varieties - April 15 - May 1;
• mid-season vegetables - May 1-15.

Gardeners living in the central regions choose such dates when they can plant tomato seedlings:

• early plants - May 1-15;
• mid ripeness - June 1-10.

Vegetable growers recommend covering plants with foil after planting in open ground to avoid the threat of frost in May. In the first decade of June, it can be removed. When you need to plant tomato seedlings, pay attention to the preparedness of the soil, because good readiness will allow the plants to adapt quickly.

Video "When to plant tomatoes for seedlings"

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How to grow good tomato seedlings at home?

A tomato or tomato is a plant from the Solanaceae family, originally from South America. The Europeans met him only after the discovery of the New World and the “ingrained” tomato, like everything new, is quite difficult and long. Despite this, tomato is now one of the most popular and sought after vegetables in the world. It is hard to imagine at least one of the national cuisines, where the tomato would not be used. Some dishes without tomatoes and can not imagine - just remember the Ukrainian borscht, Italian pizza, Mexican chili, American ketchup and much more.

An important condition for obtaining a rich and high-quality crop - proper fit   Tomato on seedlings. Only strong and healthy seedlings will quickly and easily take root in the ground or in the greenhouse, will actively bloom and tie large and tasty fruits.

To make tomato seedlings at home healthy and high-quality, you need to follow simple, but very important rules:

• The correct dates for sowing tomato seedlings on seedlings.
• Maintaining temperature.
• Stable water balance.
• Competent selection of soil.
• Selection of varieties for open ground and greenhouses.
• Proper planting tomatoes in the ground.

When to sow tomatoes in seedlings for the growing season?

Tomatoes are early, medium ripening and late. Between these three species there are intermediate with a difference in maturation of 5-15 days, but basically this division is correct and correct.

• Early varieties   Tomatoes have the shortest growing season from sowing to flowering, therefore, they bring the earliest and most valuable crop. Early tomato seedlings produce delicious fresh vegetables, but require more attention and effort to grow.
• Varieties of medium-term fruiting produce fruit in the high season, they are the most delicious and healthy. The growing season is longer than that of the early tomatoes.
• Late tomatoes bear fruit from the second half of summer until late autumn, with warm weather, the tomatoes remain fresh on the bushes to the very frost. These tomatoes have the longest growing season.

Usually, early tomatoes are a pleasant delicacy to the table after a long winter, mid-season ones accompany food throughout the season, and later ones go for preservation and processing.

When is it best to plant tomato seedlings?

For the cultivation of tomato seedlings on the windowsill, the earliest varieties are best suited, since they must be sown on seedlings in early spring, so as to be planted in the ground after the end of the return frosts.

If it is too early to plant tomatoes on seedlings, it will quickly grow and form, and weather conditions will not allow them to land in the ground or under the film. Such a seedling will stretch, become fragile, pale and painful, it will be difficult to take root in the ground and bear bad fruit. Sow late - get a small seedlings not take shape. Terms of planting seeds depend on the weather conditions of the area where it is planned to grow seedlings, usually for the cultivation of tomato seedlings need 1.5-2.5 months.

By type of growth, all tomatoes are divided into two large groups:

1. Determinant (low growth).
2. Indeterminate (vigorous).

To grow in greenhouses usually pick tall and vigorous varieties of tomatoes, as they are most productive in greenhouses and give a great harvest. If you plan to grow tomatoes in open ground, it is possible to grow good tomato seedlings from low-growing varieties, they are less at risk of extrusion and overgrowing. Such plants form squat, durable bushes that often do not need to be tied to a trellis or stakes.

How to plant tomato seedlings in a room?

To get a good seedling you need to choose healthy. planting materialpick up suitable soil   and planting tanks, maintain proper temperature and watering.

For planting choose healthy calibrated seeds, feeble and damaged throw away. There are two ways of sowing seeds - in a common container, followed by picking and immediately in individual cups.

Since tomatoes are well tolerated pick and transplant, in order to save money and space, you can sow tomatoes in boxes or other suitable containers. Subsequently, the seedlings dive for the first time, planting for a greater distance, and then transplanted into separate containers, where the seedlings and stays before planting in the ground. In the second variant, seeds are sown 2-3 pots or cups, weaker plants are then simply pulled out. This method is more expensive, planting will occupy a significant area, a large number of seedlings in the conditions of the apartment will not be able to grow.

As a container for planting seedlings, you can use almost any non-soaking container. Amateur gardeners successfully use for this purpose wooden and even cardboard boxes lined with plastic wrap, disposable plastic or paper cups, containers of sour cream and yogurt, juice boxes or milk bags. For used packaging, it is important to thoroughly clean the remnants of the contents, otherwise it may rot, infect the earth and destroy the seedlings.

When deciding how to grow tomato seedlings, you need to remember that this plant is very demanding on indoor temperature, lighting and watering. The humid air of tomatoes is harmful, therefore, when we plant tomato seedlings, it is important to regularly ventilate the room where they grow, avoiding strong temperature drops and drafts that are detrimental to this plant. It is not necessary to spray crops with water, they can easily get sick and die.

Tomatoes are sown in trays or boxes, lightly sprinkled with sifted nutrient mixture and sprayed abundantly, covered with film. Humidity is needed only until seed germination, and then the film is removed.

The land for tomato seedlings should not be too sour, that is, pure peat is absolutely not suitable for this plant. At home, clean the soil for seedlings from diseases and pests the easiest way to freeze. For this, a bag or a box of earth is left in the open air, where the frosts will quickly kill all that is harmful for the seedlings. Capacity with the ground should be covered from precipitation, which can wash nutrients from the soil.

Healthy seeds are spit and germinate very quickly and within 2-5 days from the soil appear first "loops", and then full-fledged leaves. At this time, the temperature in the room should not fall below 25 degrees, and then it is gently lowered. Low temperatures are dangerous for this plant, already at 10 degrees serious damage begins - it turns yellow, buds and ovaries fall, growth stops.

To seedlings of tomatoes on the windowsill was strong and green, it needs a lot of light. If there is a shortage of natural lighting, planting will have to be done, sometimes it needs to be done around the clock. Tomatoes need to ensure stable and uniform watering without watering and drying, equally destructive for the plant.

The grown-up tomato seedling is spiked for the first time, and after the pair of true leaves has appeared, the second pick is carried out in seedling cups. When performing this operation, young seedlings are gently buried on the cotyledon leaves. Damage or especially tear off the cotyledons is not worth it - they are a source of nutrients for plants that have begun to grow. Subsequently, they will fall off themselves, when they no longer need.

With the help of a picking, it is possible to slightly reduce the effect of pulling out the plant in the early stages - by deepening the seedling and adding light, the seedlings can be made stronger and healthier. The part of the stem, which after the picking will be in the ground, will give roots and will additionally nourish the plant. In order for the sprouted seedlings to settle down quickly and without losses, the soil must be warm enough and the watering should be uniform without pouring. If we plant tomato seedlings correctly, we end up with plants with strong, resilient stem, juicy green leaves and a general healthy appearance.

Often the question arises: how to feed tomato seedlings? During the period of growth, plants need complex fertilizers with a predominance of nitrogen and a mandatory content of trace elements. Growing up seedlings need more potassium, with a shortage of this element, the plant becomes stained, stretches out, pales and becomes ill.

Properly grown tomato seedlings quickly take root in the ground, forms a strong green plant, begins to bloom and bear fruit in terms established for this variety.

Growing tomato seedlings at home (video)

glav-dacha.ru

Each vegetable or flower culture has its own planting dates. It directly depends on them how the plants will develop, whether they will bloom in time and whether they will give a guaranteed harvest. In February, it is necessary to sow for seedlings only those crops that cannot be sown later, or those that will be provided with proper care.

February is the month that opens the summer season of sowing for seedlings of some seeds in middle lane   Russia.

Vegetable crops

Sweet pepper, eggplant. Sowing of seeds is carried out in the first half of February on condition of planting seedlings in heated greenhouses. Choose mid-season and late-ripening, as well as varieties and hybrids intended for protected ground. Early ripening varieties can be sown in the second half of the month.

Tomatoes   Sowing seeds carried out in late February. Seedlings are grown for planting in heated greenhouses. Accordingly, choose varieties or hybrids of tomatoes for protected ground.

In February, tomatoes, peppers and eggplants when growing seedlings at home must be highlighted in addition. If there is no such possibility, then it is better to sow later.

Celery root, leek.   These vegetable crops have a long growing season. And, in order to grow a good harvest of marketable products, seeds must be sown in February. Celery and leek are not fast germination, so it is better to soak them before sowing.

Strawberry wild-strawberry.   Feature of the seed is surface sowing. Plants grown and planted in spring, bloom in summer, and give the first small crop of berries.

Flower crops

In February, you can sow: dichondra, pelargonium (ivy-shaped and zonal), gatsaniyu, lavender, saboho carnation, lobelia, heliotrope, mimulus, amber petunia hybrids (for hanging pots), verbena, begonia, marigold, erect, celio.

Sowing seeds for the lunar calendar 2015 ( best days   for seeding and transplanting)

KakProsto.ru

When to sow vegetables for seedlings

Responsible and long-awaited time for many summer residents is approaching: very soon the window sills of city apartments will turn into mini-plantations for seedlings of pepper, tomatoes, flowers. And one of the most important decisions to be taken at this time by the gardener is the timing of sowing.

Experienced amateur growers usually have answers to the question “When to sow?” That have been tested over the years. Beginners dig up piles of magazines and books, sometimes obtaining conflicting information. In the meantime, new types are emerging on the market. vegetable crops   and new varieties of the usual - and we all want to try to grow 🙂 And new plants are new terms. How to calculate them? I want to find a universal formula, right? :)) So let's try it!

Elements of the formula

The optimal time for sowing seedlings even for the same crop can vary considerably, so I, for example, are very skeptical of general recommendations like “sow tomatoes need from March 1 to March 10”. The universal term of sowing, in my opinion, is practically impossible to name - too many individual factors determine it. But it can be calculated, and with great accuracy.

For this we need to know:

• the length of the growing season for a particular crop;
• optimal for this plant age of seedlings when it is planted in the ground;
• plant requirements for heat;
• growing conditions (greenhouse, greenhouse, open ground);
• desired harvest time;
• term seed germination;
• climatic conditions of your region.

At first glance, a lot and difficult, right? But let's take a closer look at these elements of the future formula, and you will see that everything is not so bad))

Duration of the growing season

It is about the time that passes from the moment of emergence to the full formation of the plant and harvest. Naturally, the duration of this period varies from one crop to another, and it is precisely those that have a long growing season, we usually grow by seedling — otherwise, in our latitudes, they simply do not have time to produce a crop.

In addition, the length of the growing season is different for different varieties of the same plant. On this basis emit early maturing, mid-season   and late maturity   varieties. It is clear that late ripening takes more time to form a crop than early ripening, and we, naturally, should take this into account, being determined with time of sowing. On the bag of seeds indicated length of the growing season in days - we need it. Well, for a reference point, you can remember the "average" data on the most popular vegetable crops:

• tomatoes   - from 80 to 140 days;
• sweet pepper   - from 90 to 140 days;
• eggplant   - from 100 to 150 days;
• white cabbage   - from 50 (ultra early) to 190 (late) days.

As you can see, the range is quite large, so, for example, tomatoes of late varieties are sown for seedlings as early as February, and even in January, and early varieties in March-April.

The optimal age of seedlings

For picking, transplanting seedlings and planting it in the ground, each crop has its own optimal age - it is during this time that young seedlings most easily endure the traumatic procedure, they take root faster and suffer less. Accordingly, it is necessary in this way to choose the time of sowing so that by the time of planting the seedlings reach the most suitable age.

• early ripe tomatoes   - 40-50 days;
• middle-ripe tomatoes   - 55-60 days;
• late-ripened tomatoes   - 70 days;
• sweet pepper   - 50-65 days;
• eggplant   - 45-60 days.

Note: these numbers are indicative; specific values ​​depend, inter alia, on the length of the growing season. We will certainly talk more about this in the articles on growing seedlings of the most popular vegetables.

Plant requirements for heat

Most vegetable crops that we grow in seedlings are very thermophilic. The only exception is perhaps cabbage, which tolerates relatively low temperatures well. Why is this important to us? Because this figure will ultimately affect the time of transplanting to the ground.

For example, if an eggplant is an exceptionally thermophilic vegetable, then we will not be in a hurry with its disembarkation (even under cover) - wait until the probability of late frosts passes. But some of the new varieties of tomatoes and peppers, bred by breeders for the northern regions, are characterized by low (for their culture, of course) requirements for heat. Frost will not tolerate, but with good shelter   they can be landed in the country and earlier thermophilic fellows. Immediately make a reservation: no one will tell you the exact number, as far as “earlier”. Moreover, the weather is increasingly unpredictable: sometimes it rains in winter, then in May it snows)) But it’s still worth considering this parameter, other things being equal.

Growing conditions

This is one of the most important variables in our formula: planting in greenhouses   and in open groundAs a rule, the timing differs quite significantly. So, for tomatoes, let's say, the approximate time of planting of seedlings in summer (without heating) greenhouses in the Moscow region - the beginning of May, and in open ground - the first decade of June, when all possible frosts will be left behind. Naturally, in the first case we can start planting as early as February, and in the second, before the end of March, it is better not to start.

Do not forget: shelter shelter too discord. And if the possible dates for planting in open ground are mainly determined by climatic and weather conditions, then planting seedlings in a greenhouse or greenhouse depends largely on your capabilities. What is your greenhouse? What is it covered with? Is it heated? Can you in addition cover the plants in case of a sudden cold snap? These and many other questions are answered only by the amateur breeder himself. Therefore, the dates and dates specified in your favorite magazine or website will have to be adjusted independently, taking into account the existing conditions.

Desired harvest time

Yes, this parameter will be very relative: no matter how much we want, we will not be able to get a tomato crop in the country in the conditions of the Middle Belt)) Then what is its meaning? It's simple: changing (within reasonable limits) the time of sowing seeds for seedlings, we affect the time of harvest, and therefore, having sown in several stages, we can extend the fruiting period. We want over early harvest? We choose the earliest varieties and sow them to seedlings as early as possible - taking into account other conditions, of course. We sow in several terms - we will receive uneven-aged seedlings, which will begin to bear fruit at different times. True, it will also have to be planted in stages - this must be taken into account.

Term germination of seeds

That's about this "little things" in the calculations are often forgotten. Meanwhile, in some vegetable crops, the period from sowing to the emergence of shoots can be 10-15 days, and this, you see, is not a bit short!

When making calculations, it is always worth considering that seed germination period may vary even for the same culture. And it does not depend on the quality of the seeds, but also on the temperature of the soil, the humidity, the depth of seeding - that is, the conditions we created for them. Seed treatment with certain drugs (for example, an immunocytophyte or zircon) can accelerate germination, make it more friendly. Different shoots appear from dry and pre-watered seeds. In a word, there are nuances. But we are guided, of course, again by the average indicators for the chosen culture:

• tomatoes   - 4-6 days;
• sweet pepper   - 12-15 days;
• eggplants   - 8-10 days;
• white cabbage   - 4-5 days.

Climatic conditions

This factor is a key one: in our formula it will become a point of reference. And the easiest way to navigate, in my opinion, according to the scheme that offers the author of the organic live farming system V.I. Kuznetsov. At the core of his method of calculation are two basic terms:

• term "COLD"or cold sowing time   - time when cold-resistant crops are sown in open ground and seedlings of early ripe cabbage are planted, and seedlings of thermophilic tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers can be planted in greenhouses (greenhouses and greenhouses);
• the term "HEAT", or the warm term of sowing   - this is the time of sowing and planting in the open ground of seedlings of heat-loving crops.

Approximate dates of these dates for different latitudes are given in table number 1:

But there are objective signs to determine exactly what time it is.

The term "COLD"

It is determined by the temperature of the soil and its moisture, or more precisely, physical ripeness.

If in the daytime soil temperature   at a depth of 8 cm it reaches +8 degrees - this is enough for crops. How to determine? With the help of a conventional thermometer and a small scapula 🙂 We dig a hole and measure the temperature of the soil. No desire or ability to dig? An indirect sign that the soil temperature has reached the level we need is the first leaflets blooming on the birch. If you are working with earth at this time, you still feel its cold, but your hands will not freeze. Another important factor is physical ripeness of the soil, her willingness to plant. How to define it? Simply simple: take a handful of soil, squeeze in a fist and drop a lump from a height of about 1 meter, and then evaluate the results:

• a lump is formed, but does not crumble when falling - the soil is still too wet, do not hurry   with crops and landings;
• a lump is not formed, the soil crumbles in the hands - time lost, the spring moisture from the soil is gone, and watering is required before sowing;
• a lump is formed, and when falling falls into pieces - the soil has reached the ideal level of physical ripeness, it's time to sow.

By the way, contrary to the well-known statement: “You will be the prince in the dirt,” V. Kuznetsov categorically does not recommend rushing. In his opinion, based on long-term observations, in the soil saturated with moisture (namely, this is “dirt”), the seeds and roots of the planted plants are suffocating from the lack of oxygen. If they do not rot, they will surely be ill.

The term "HEAT"

It is determined by the date of the end of the most late, last spring frosts. How to recognize him? Of course, the weather forecast and weather reports help us out 🙂 And also, folk omens and weather observations. So, V. Kuznetsov refers to the words of his acquaintance and colleague, an agronomist with 50 years of experience, VI Kornilov: "This is the time when the starling nestling looks out of its house, and the last viburnum disappears, when the swallows have flown - the summer has begun" .

Warm days

There is another interesting calculated indicator in the system of V. Kuznetsov: the number of frost-free days. It helps to determine whether you need seedlings of any particular crop at all or you can sow directly into the ground at suitable times.

We have already spoken about the length of the growing season. And it is clear that the plant, so that it can develop from seed to harvest, needs warmth - especially when it comes to such thermophilic sissies like eggplant or pepper. Accordingly, if the number of frost-free days at your latitude is noticeably more than the duration of the growing season of the selected crop, the seedlings will not be needed - the plant will have enough time, even when sown directly into the ground. Unfortunately, the climate of most of our regions does not allow us to count on such an opportunity, which is why we occupy home windowsills in early spring with numerous seedlings. But it is possible to count for interest the number of frost-free days in one’s own area, it’s not at all difficult: from the approximate time of the first autumn frosts we subtract the term “HEAT”. Sample data for different latitudes are given in table number 2:

Go to the calculations

So, all the components of our universal formula are)) What to do with them next? 1. Based on our climatic conditions, we choose an indicative disembarkation date seedlings   (you can use table number 1). Depending on the growing conditions, we can take the term “COLD” (for greenhouses and greenhouses) or the term “HEAT” (for open ground) as a point of reference. 2. From this date we deduct optimal age of seedlings   selected culture. In this case, do not forget to take into account growing season durationindicated on the bag of seeds, and if necessary, adjust the resulting interval. 3. From the calculated date we subtract seed germination period   - we receive approximate terms of crops.

We can specify and supplement this basic calculation. For example, depending on desired harvest time   choose (within its capabilities) several terms of sowing. Or slightly (to an earlier or later side) move the approximate date of transplanting, depending on heat requirements,   which makes the selected culture. Well, those who plant and sow according to the lunar calendar will certainly choose from the possible sowing dates the one that best suits the movement of the moon. One thing is important: do not rush. After all, overgrown, too early sown seedlings will not give, contrary to expectations, early and high yields. So is it worth tormenting the plants and tormenting yourself? Who tried to get an early seedling, knows for sure that it is not easy: there is still little light, there is not enough heat either, and much more effort is needed for growing!

Calculation example

Vera, Eagle

That seems to be firmly decided not to sow the seedlings this year, but to buy ready-made at the fruit and berry station. I read the post and began to doubt, maybe I can still change my mind for some rastushantsy and plant seedlings yet, we'll see! Post as always in the topic! Last edited January 23, 2014, 13:20

Marina, Nekrasovskoye

Vera, I myself think every year: no, I won’t be messing around with seedlings — there’s a lot of trouble, there’s not enough space)) I still can’t help myself, I’m sowing something! This is such a kind of “summer resident ritual” - a way to bring the spring closer, at least according to your own feelings 🙂 When the first sprouts start to break through from the ground at home, you feel - everything, overwinter! spring soon!

Tatyana

Thank you, Marina, for the hints - very timely and sensible!

Angelina, Eagle

Thanks for the story, very relevant! We always have a question when to plant. Husband focuses on favorable days   according to the lunar calendar. But with experience we already vary. It was like that year they planted tomatoes as usual, and spring was late. So they vymahali ceiling, barely drove to the cottage. We have already planted peppers, but later we will have tomatoes. I will consider your advice and recommendations

Marina, Nekrasovskoye

Alexander, Minsk

Thanks for the info ... very helpful and easy to understand.

Natalia Shipunova, Pavlovo

thanks a lot for the article and experience. Just starting to do seedlings. Second season. Best of all turned out with tomatoes and, probably, on them I will concentrate. It became a discovery for me that they turn out to be planted at different times and it depends - early-late-ripening. While I want to share my unexpected experience. Once planted seedlings Chelnokov, just the size of a pencil. I caught on and gave an unexpectedly good result. It may even be better than with large plants. True - most importantly, ease of transportation is not enough space, again the principle: planted and forgotten :)

Lyudmila (St. Petersburg)

Thank you, on time. It was assumed that tomatoes of different ripening periods could not be sown at the same time, and not only tomatoes. Again, I thank you for the information.

Sergey Sokolov, Moscow

Thank you very much, very timely article. When I sowed, I made many mistakes; now I will sow according to the rules.

Galina Popova, Russia

Summer residents and gardeners sow tomato seeds in a box with earth and pour snow on top of the box and pour tomato seeds so they will be hardened, and when the snow in the room soaks the soil and seeds and you can sprinkle it on top with dry earth. In that year I bought ready-made tomatoes for planting and He landed in the ground, and when he came to the greenhouse in the morning, he noticed one bush of a tomato gnawed a mouse. I left the stem without leaves. 5 cm I put it in a glass and poured water and after about a couple of weeks the stem gave roots and I landed it in a greenhouse at a free space and watered with Saltpetre and after about a couple of weeks I saw leaves on the stem. And then they started a lot a tomato, even caught up with its own who were on the roots.

I am new to growing vegetables. Thank you so much for the informative article. She will now be my reference book.

Marina, Nekrasovskoye

I am a beginner gardener and ask for advice on what kind of soil to buy for seedlings, otherwise it doesn’t work out for me. It is all wet, it dries. I tried to look out of the fanizer, the ground was wet from above, but I tried to loosen it - like a brick. Solid peat, even the stove topi. Maybe someone will advise the finished soil that can be bought in the Moscow region. Thanks in advance.

Tatiana, Bender

Vyacheslav, I don’t know about the Moscow Region, but in the neighboring Yaroslavl and Kostroma regions you can definitely buy this soil (I think there will be in your stores):

I bought it for the first time several years ago on the recommendation of a friend who grows a lot of seedlings every year. Since then, I use it. Packages are different - from 5 to 25 kg. The quality is acceptable (there are batches in which more solid impurities are found - all kinds of twigs, but on the whole is normal). It says “For potted flowers”, but, to be honest, I no longer paid attention to these inscriptions, because I don’t see any difference in practice - the purpose of the soil is not reflected in the plants. Another tried this spring (it was not the usual):

It was also not bad. Anyway, and transplanted into it houseplants   Do not complain, and sown on seedlings flowers. It is written that on the basis of lake sapropel, which contains vermiculite - in general, it is good and useful))

Natasha, Russia

Not in the Moscow region, but just by the way) We have a well-established universal soil blend "Ecoflora". Plants do not get sick, they like.

The manufacturer of this mixture is Ukraine.

marina Yalova, Krasnodar

In the Moscow region, TERRA VITA soil is usually praised. Living land, I always buy one like that, fluffy and also based on sapropel, but I have heard discontent from some gardeners. Last edited February 17, 2015, 15:27

Vyacheslav Tokmakov, Ivanteevka (Moscow region)

It is better to learn how to prepare the soil for planting yourself. I advise you to see Shining-2 ... If there is recruited ground from autumn for a calculation of 10 liters-7 liters of earth for 3 liters of sand, I still add a couple of handfuls of vermiculite to any soil and necessarily coconut briquette. 10l soil soil add half a glass of Radiance2. Moisturize, shift into a half / ethyl bag squeezing out air, tie it up and put it in a warm place, do not forget every week to irrigate but only not fill this soil with soil. After 4 weeks the earth is ready for landing.

Vyacheslav Tokmakov, Ivanteevka (Moscow region)

www.youtube.com/watch?v=KwcuuEZRB6U - watch this video by Yulia Minyaeva. This year I took the same land from the dacha and interfered with the purchase of soil and added a little perlite.

Alexander, Minsk

Thank you very much for the answers, I will try the living earth.

Vyacheslav Tokmakov, Ivanteevka (Moscow region)

Many thanks for the answer, I will try the living earth.

Oksana, Russia

I was advised to add the sand of the river to the soil for seedlings, which I bought in the garden center. Plants liked it. Last edited February 17, 2015, 15:27

Marina, Nekrasovskoye

Tell me, what can you do with river sand   and silt? Can somehow river plants, etc. to use for fertilizers (is there a river nearby)? Last edited February 17, 2015, 15:27

Ivan Ivanov

I bought the soil alive land, bought in Auchan, sheer disappointment. One peat, moreover, with branches with sticks, roots, lumps. For the sake of experiment, I planted eggplants (they were already germinated) so it dries out. and more water, I'm afraid to fill. Maybe someone will advise how to improve the soil so that at least he kept the moisture in. I already said, a gardener zero, in the autumn my wife and I bought a dacha in Kolchugino, Vladimir region, I wanted to plant something. I did not want to start with failures.

Alexander, Minsk

Thanks for the answer. Please tell me what better grades   To plant tomatoes in open ground with seedlings, since I live in Siberia. Krasnoyarsk Territory the weather is not steady. In May, the heat is +30, and in early June there are frosts. Thank.

Vera, Eagle

Oksana, the frost will not survive, perhaps, not a single sort of tomato, so there are two solutions: either plant when all possible frosts are left behind, or provide shelter. Well, in any case (taking into account the climate of your edges), early ripening varieties should be chosen for the open field - others simply will not have time to harvest if the autumn cold weather comes early. Ideally, it should be planted zoned — that is, varieties of tomatoes adapted specifically to Siberian conditions. Their names can be suggested to you by summer gardeners or consultants in a specialized seed shop (the first option is even more reliable, because the consultant, alas, does not always have reliable information). Our weather is also unstable, and the summer does not indulge in the heat (Midland). Last year, I planted the Yamal 200 variety for the first time - I think it will grow well with you. Bushes are very small, strong, stocky. Tomatoes are not large but fruiting is friendly. The variety is early ripening. This is one of the possible options) Of course, there are many more.

Natasha, Russia

for Siberia, need a bed higher. And do not be afraid to raise not only the garden, but also to make a mound for disembarking. There is also a special agricultural technology - “high bed”, but this is for professional growth)) And so, that the middle zone, if just northwest), or Siberia is the main condition - warm, heated soil. Up to heating, even in greenhouses.

Vera, Eagle

Actually, the correct and original paradoxical in its simplicity idea is to sow varieties with appropriate names in its lane (“Siberian” in Siberia is southern in the south ... respectively, as far as pribbirka is understood, what Uncle Stepa will be. Today I planted a seedling just for Yamal, a large Thank you for describing how it looks, like what nadol (I correctly understood - does not require sticking tying, etc.!? Thanks (I have a bad line). Then I will take a checked shuttle: :))

olga Nazarova, Atkarsk

I decided to sow eggplant seedlings, but was afraid to hurry. I read, I understand that it is time already! Marina, this is one of the most useful articles for the new "spreader"!) Faith ... I would advise you to sow eggplants from mid-February ... you can not rush with tomatoes and pepper and eggplants ... February for them what you need Sowed white eggplants for seedlings. It was terrible for 2 seeds to put in the section, let's see what comes up now I sowed the same on February 19th, already ascended, last year I planted them for the first time and was delighted with them, so delicious, tender, and so cooked, and marinated, and caviar one of them is awesome, super !!! but the dark ones also sown, out of habit or something, they have not yet ascended, and what sort of plants they planted

Ready-made tomato seedlings can be bought, but it is much more fun to grow it yourself. For the first time, this may seem like a troublesome task. After all, it is necessary to know a lot of subtleties - how to prepare the seeds, how to properly water, feed and dive the seedlings.

You will need

1. Tomato seeds, capacity for seedlings, soil mixture, water, fertilizers.

Instruction

• Planting time seedlings tomato: from February to April. It depends on the variety. Tall tomatoes   Sow in February and stunted in March. Before planting, be sure to sort the seeds: bad and damaged, atypical color, small throw out. Leave only large and full seeds for sowing. They are the most viable. To improve germination, place seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate for 30 minutes. The ratio is: 1 gram of potassium permanganate per 100 ml of water. Instead of potassium permanganate, phytosporin solution or growth stimulants can be used.
• Get in advance in the store nutrient soil for seedlings of tomatoes, or prepare it yourself. To do this, take in equal parts peat, humus and sod land. It is possible to prepare the following soil: one part of rotted humus, one part of sand, one part of forest or garden land. Sift the earth mixture through a 5 cm sieve. Pour the prepared soil into the drawers, level it and tamp it down.
• Spread the soil before planting seeds. Make grooves with a stick or ruler. The depth of the grooves is 0.5 cm. The distance between the grooves is 3 cm. Then spread the seeds into the grooves with a distance of 2-3 cm from each other. In one box sow the seeds of only one variety. After that, plant the sunflower seeds with earth and moisten the soil with a spray bottle. To keep the ground moist and dry, cover the boxes with film or glass. Put them in a warm place before germination.
• For the emergence of seedlings, the night temperature should not be less than +12 С, and daytime +20 С and more. In February, the light day is still very short, so the seedlings should be highlighted in addition. Use fluorescent lamps for this. Turn them on at 8 am and turn them off at 10 pm The height of the lamps: 10-15 cm from seedlings. As the seedlings grow, they should be raised.
• Water the seedlings with thawed or rainwater. You can use boiled water. When the seedlings are still very small, spray the ground with a spray to avoid damaging the stems. When the plants have 4 true leaves, they should be swooped down in separate containers. Use the same substrate in which you planted tomatoes. Replant the seedlings with a lump of earth on the roots. Picked seedlings continue to highlight fluorescent lights.
• Before picking, as well as after the seedlings can be fed every ten days. To do this, use the following composition: 100 grams of chicken manure per 10 liters of water, 300 grams of manure per 10 liters of water. Or feed humus infusion: 500 grams per 10 liters of water. It is necessary to insist within 2 days. While picking to the bottom of a new container, drop one grain of superphosphate. After picking, the volume of fertilizer for one cup is 30 ml.

KakProsto.ru

When to plant peppers, cucumbers and tomatoes for seedlings in 2016

In order for peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers to delight you with a good harvest, you need to know the timing of planting these crops for seedlings. In no case can not be in a hurry to plant, and for a long time to stay with it, because the plants will be weak.

When to plant peppers for seedlings in 2016

When planting peppers, you can focus on the dates that are indicated on the bag with seeds. For example, on seeds that are preferably grown in central Russia, this is the middle of February. It is important to take into account the factor that for most varieties of pepper the period from germination to fruiting is 110-130 days.

From the above, we conclude that in 2016, in the Moscow region and in the surrounding regions, it is best to plant seeds of peppers for seedlings in the second or third decade of February. The latest date is March 15th.

If you are focusing on the lunar calendar when planting crops, then the most appropriate days for peppers are February 10, 11, 20, 25 and 27, as well as March 13, 14 and 15.

When to plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2016

Some gardeners start planting tomatoes for seedlings at the end of January or in February, but it is worth remembering that this time is not the best for sowing these crops in central Russia, because daylight is still too short. At all, optimal term   from planting tomatoes to planting them in open ground is 60-70 days, so if you are not the owner of a heated greenhouse, hurrying with the sowing is unnecessary. March is the most suitable month for sowing tomatoes, but only the second half, with the latter days being preferable. If you ask a question about when to plant tomatoes for seedlings in the Moscow region, then simple calculations will help to calculate this. For example, planting seedlings in a greenhouse, mainly occurs in mid-May, that is, the 15th. From the beginning of the landing to the landing in the greenhouse, 50 days should pass (slightly less than for landing in open ground). Total, it turns out that March 27 is the most suitable day for planting tomatoes.

When to plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2016 according to the lunar calendar

All gardeners who use the lunar calendar for planting seedlings should take into account that in 2016 the most suitable days are February 5, 6, 16, 17, 18 and 22, as well as 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 13, 14 , March 15, 17, 21 and April 10, 11, 12 and 13.

When to plant cucumbers for seedlings in 2016

It depends on a considerable number of factors, for example, the warming of the soil in your region of residence, whether you have a greenhouse or are you going to transplant plants in open ground, etc. Since the seedlings after planting cucumbers appear only three days later (subject to cultivation at 25 degrees), and the most suitable age of these plants for transplantation is 15-20 days, then this information should be considered first of all. In central Russia, the soil warms up to the optimum temperature for cucumber seedlings by mid-May, and from this we conclude that the end of April is the right time to plant this crop.

According to the lunar calendar, the most optimal days for sowing cucumbers are the following numbers:

- March - 26, 29 and 30 numbers;

- April - 7, 8, 11, 22, 23;

- May - 9, 10, 11 and 22 number;

- June - 5, 11 and 12.

KakProsto.ru

How to plant seedlings of tomatoes?

One of the most common vegetables in the world are tomatoes. In regions with cold winters, tomatoes are usually grown in seedlings. How to plant tomato seedlings and how to grow it? Start growing seedlings need in January-March. This requires seeds and capacity for the soil. You can grow seedlings on the windowsill. This is a rather complicated and laborious process. If the seedlings are grown properly, then the harvest of tomatoes will be excellent.

Seed preparation

Before planting seeds in the soil, they must be carefully prepared.

If the seed treatment is done correctly, the seedlings will be of high quality and a good harvest is guaranteed.

First, you need to sort the seeds, checking them in full. For this, the seeds are immersed in a 6% salt solution. To prepare such a solution, you need to stir 2 tablespoons of salt in a liter of water. Having immersed the seeds in the solution, they are stirred and after 7-8 minutes, the surfaced ones are removed, and the rest are washed and continue their preparation for seedlings. Then the seeds are disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate and again washed with water. Prepare a 1% solution of potassium permanganate need, stirring 2 grams of potassium permanganate in 200 milligrams of water.

Then the seeds are washed again. Further they are enriched with mineral fertilizers. To do this, use the ready-made mixture purchased in the store, or make a solution yourself. In 1 liter of water immerse 0.02 g of boric acid, 0.5 g of superphosphate, 0.3 g of potassium salt, 0.08 g of copper vitriol, 0.1 g of ammonium sulphate, 0.05 g of ammonium molybdate. In this solution, the seeds are soaked for a day. The seeds are then germinated warm in a damp cloth.

Many gardeners water the seedlings with melt water. But water from urban snow can not be used, as it contains many harmful impurities and can cause harm to the seeds. Water for watering can be prepared by yourself. Take a plastic bottle, pour in it the settled water from the tap and put it open in the cold. When almost all the water freezes, you need to pierce the bottle with a knife and drain the water that is not frozen. It is in this water that impurities are harmful to the seedlings. Then, after 10 minutes, drain the water that has melted on the edges. It also contains chemical impurities. The remaining ice in the bottle is the best water for irrigation. If this water is not possible to prepare, the seedlings can be watered with ordinary warm water, settled for at least 10 hours.

Soil and seedlings

Table growing seedlings of some vegetable crops.

How to plant a seedling tomato? It is planted in loose soil that contains nutrients and retains water well.   To receive best harvest   seedlings should be planted in the sod land. To it you need to add sand and humus. To achieve the normal acidity of the soil, add 0.5 liters of resin and 100 grams of chalk for every 10 liters of soil mixture. This mixture can be bought in the store. Now on sale are high-quality mixtures containing the necessary nutrients for seedlings.

How to grow tomato seedlings? Gardeners usually grow a large number of seedlings. The seeds are first planted in large containers, and then the sprouts swoop into another container. Many are used for planting sprouts milk bags. But bacteria can appear in these bags, causing mold. Therefore, pickling seedlings should be carried out either in ordinary plastic bottles or in special peat pots, which can be purchased at the store. At the bottom of all these tanks should be holes for drainage.

Sowing and growing seedlings

Before planting the seeds, you must first fill the tank with soil mixture so that it is 3 cm below the edge. Then pour the soil, cover with film and leave the film under the film for a day for uniform penetration of moisture. Then the soil is leveled and holes are made in it with a depth of 0.5 cm. They are planted with seeds. The surface of the soil, after planting the seeds, you need to pour a solution of potassium permanganate, then cover the container with a film or glass lid and put in heat.

A week later there are sprouts. After that, the film must be removed, and the seedlings put on a bright place. The ambient temperature should be maintained at about 15 degrees. This goes on for a week. Then, after the sprouts are strong, you need to raise the temperature to 24 degrees during the day and 12 degrees at night.

After the appearance of the first leaflets sprouts dive into a separate container. Before you transplant, you need to make sure that the shoots are strong enough. For good development of the root system during transplantation, you need to pinch the main root. Before planting sprouts in open ground need to hardening seedlings. To do this, reduce the temperature to 17 degrees.

Planted in the ground seedlings need to be fed. The first feeding must be done 10 days after transplantation. You need to take 30 g of superphosphate, 10 g of potassium sulfate, 4 g of urea and dissolve them in 10 liters of water. This mixture can also be bought in the store. After 2 weeks, perform a second feeding. After each feeding, water the seedlings and loosen the soil. Excessive watering of seedlings should be avoided, as this can lead to diseases. It is necessary that the lighting was sufficient.

Tomato seedlings can be planted in protected soil in May. In the open ground can be planted in June. For planting seedlings the best place would be a sunny plot of land with sandy or loamy soil. 10 days before planting it is necessary to spray the ground with a solution of copper sulphate, in order to protect the seedlings from fungal diseases. Then each sprout is planted in its hole and sprinkled with earth. After that, each sprout is watered and stuck next to it in the ground peg, so that the future plant can rely on it.

Features of growing tomato

How to grow tomatoes? To grow tomatoes, you must follow these rules:

• plot with tomatoes should be located in a sunny place;
• water the tomatoes need 2 times a week;
• it is necessary to prepare the soil and fertilize;
• you need to harvest when the tomatoes are already red. If tomatoes ripen after harvest, they will lose taste.

Tomatoes are the favorites of gardeners, they contain many vitamins and have a wonderful taste. There are many varieties of tomatoes, which differ in the form, color and taste. For all varieties of tomato cultivation principles are the same. Learning to grow tomatoes is quite difficult. But even a novice gardener, while following the basic rules of cultivation, can get beautiful, tasty and large tomatoes on his plot. The most important thing is to grow healthy and high-quality seedlings, it is the crop of tomatoes that depends on it.

VseoTeplicah.ru

when to plant tomato seedlings?

Yana Kovalenko

Tomatoes - one of the main vegetable crops. They are used both fresh and in processed form. Early varieties begin to ripen in 100-110 days, the average in 120-130 days and late in 130-140 days after sowing.

All varieties of tomatoes are grown, mainly seedlings.

Tomatoes - heat-loving culture. They can be planted into the ground when the threat of spring frosts has passed, as the seedlings die when the temperature drops to 1.5 degrees below zero. To obtain the earliest tomatoes, part of the seedlings can be planted in the second half of April or early May, preferably in peat or humus-earthen pots, aged 55-60 days. At night, cover the plants with paper caps or make in-depth nests and cover them with glass, roofing paper, straw, mats, matting, paper caps, etc. if there is a danger of frost.

Tomato seedlings should be planted in well-treated and fertilized soil. Mineral fertilizers are applied at the rate of 4-5 kilograms of superphosphate, 2-2.5 kilograms of potassium salt and 1.5-2 kilograms of ammonium sulphate per 100 square meters. It is very useful to bring the furnace ash on both sides of the planted seedlings in the amount of 10-15 kilograms per 100 square meters, and 1 -2 handfuls of humus to the wells when planting tomatoes. When making fertilizer for tomatoes, it should be borne in mind that the green mass grows stronger from the introduction of fresh manure, and fruit development is delayed; phosphorus and potash fertilizers, on the contrary, accelerate the ripening of fruits.

olya

already! soak and sow!

N v

Olga Zakharnyova

Right now. It is time.

Marina Nikolaeva

I will be tomorrow 🙂

Olya Dukovkina

And we have already disguised.

Nadezda

for soil you can start on March 15th I planted last year after March 20th. anyway it was early she stretched out had to cut and plant the stalks in plastic bottles gave good roots came up the planting time immediately and planted the seedlings were strong did not stretch and did not hurt the harvest was good

miguly

So. In independence, what sort of tomato, you need to plant now. I planted on March 8, 11 have already ascended, the segment has already reached 23 (i.e. 13). and hammer on the lunar calendars - ALL THIS IS A COMPLETE LOOK!

Growing seedlings of tomatoes, of course, the process is time-consuming and lengthy, but no less important step towards obtaining a high yield of tomatoes is their proper planting in open ground or greenhouse, when the hardened seedlings are already fully prepared for it. Compliance with the technology of planting tomatoes in a permanent place is very important, especially if their seedlings are several different varieties.

Terms of planting tomatoes in the greenhouse or in the open ground depend on many factors: the temperature of the earth and air in the area, the climatic zone in which it is located, the recommendations of the Lunar calendar of the gardener and the gardener, and even the age of the seedlings. All these conditions can be considered separately, depending on the place of planting tomato seedlings.

The moon, or rather the phases and constellations in which it is located, greatly influences all the living things of our planet, including plants. Therefore, most experienced gardeners   interested in the recommendations of the lunar calendar. It helps to grow garden crops more resistant to stress and the emergence of various diseases.

AT Lunar calendar   All dates, phases of the moon are entered and in accordance with them a list of works that can or cannot be done on any given day.

Turning to it, we can single out the most favorable dates for planting tomatoes at a permanent place, as well as the days on which this operation is extremely undesirable.

Since it is possible to plant seedlings of tomatoes in heated greenhouses already from the end of April, and planting in open ground ends in the first half of June, this period will be discussed below.

For planting in the greenhouse:

• 30.04. - 1.05. Growing Moon in Cancer;
• 6.05. - 9.05. Growing Moon in Libra;
• 14.05. - 16.05. Waning Moon in Capricorn;
• 19.05. - 20.05. A Forward Moon in Pisces.

For planting in open ground:

• 27.05. - 28.05. Growing Moon in Cancer;
• 3.06. - 4.06. Growing Moon in Libra;
• 5.06. - 6.06. Growing Moon in Scorpio.

The most unfavorable dates on which it is not recommended to plant anything and to carry out any other operations with tomatoes in May-June 2017 are the following days:

• 11.05. and 9.06. - Full Moon phase;
• 25.05. - the phase of the New Moon.

If there is a greenhouse on the plot, then it allows the gardener to get a harvest much earlier than when planting tomatoes in open ground. Here, planting dates depend on the type of greenhouse available:

• planting in a heated greenhouse is made in the very last days of April;
• in greenhouses with additional internal film cover - in the first decade of May (this includes polycarbonate greenhouses);
• in greenhouses without heating and additional shelters - in the second decade of May.

When planting seedlings in a greenhouse, one should also be guided by the temperature of the ground, which should warm up to + 12 ... + 15 0 С, as well as the air temperature inside the room, which should be at least +20 0 С.

It is clear that depending on the region in which the site is located, these periods vary. for example, in areas with a warmer climate, it is possible to plant tomatoes in the middle of May in a normal greenhouse without additional heating and shelters, and in the Urals - no earlier than 20 ... 25 May.

Later, after the May return frosts. In different regions of the country they are planted from the second decade of May (in the southern regions) to the beginning of June (zones of the Urals and Siberia).

The technology of planting tomatoes in open ground usually provides for their subsequent shelter for several days to improve their survival conditions.

Therefore, you can build a greenhouse, using iron arc and film material. Arcs are evenly placed on the selected planting site of tomatoes and tightened with a film, putting bricks on each side.

In such a self-built greenhouse tomatoes can be planted a little earlier: for example, in the Urals - already in the last days of May, and not at the beginning of June.

For planting, the temperature of warming up the soil from +10 0 С is required, and the temperature on the plot should be at least +15 0 С, while using a greenhouse - not less than +10 0 С. At lower temperatures, tomatoes can get sick or not take root at all.

This factor also plays an important role during planting. Tomato seedlings should have a well-developed root system at the time of planting, and also have a certain number of true leaves on the stem.

In addition, it must undergo a hardening procedure and have dark green stems with a bluish tint closer to the root. This is one of the indicators that the seedlings are strong enough and fully prepared for planting.

• To plant in the greenhouse is ideal tomato seedlings at the age of 50 days. That is, each seedling will have from seven to ten true leaves and even a pair of inflorescences.
• For planting seedlings in open ground seedlings should have from one to two inflorescences and at least eight leaves.

1. Soil preparation in the greenhouse

A week before disembarking, it is necessary to form landing rows. Their number depends on the size of the greenhouse itself, and the standard parameters of the ridges are about 70 cm wide, and the passages between them are at least 60 cm. In addition, care must be taken to saturate the land in the greenhouse with all the necessary fertilizers:

• organic - peat, humus, compost and sand in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 0.5, respectively;
• mineral - superphosphate in the amount of 2 tablespoons / m 2 and potassium-containing per 1 tablespoons / m 2.

When all of the above elements are included in the landing rows, you need to dig everything up well.

1. Choosing a landing pattern

It all depends on the selected varieties of tomatoes for cultivation, but rather on their height, as well as the chosen method of cultivation: in one or two stalks.

• for short ripening, a chess landing in two rows is suitable, the distance between which is about half a meter. The recommended distance between two adjacent bushes is 40 cm. In general, such undersized varieties are best placed at the edges of the greenhouse;
• for tomato determinants (with limited growth), a chess fit with a half-meter row spacing is preferred, and between two adjacent bushes - at 25 ... 30 cm. It is assumed to be grown in one stem;
• for the indeterminate (with unlimited growth) tall varieties of tomatoes, you can choose one of two ways of chess boarding:
• with the cultivation of seedlings in one stem, one should observe a row spacing of 80 cm wide, and the distance between adjacent bushes - 60 cm;
• with the cultivation of tomato bushes in two stems, the width of the aisle remains the same, and the distance between two neighboring bushes increases to 70 ... 75 cm.

Often gardeners choose different varieties: low-growing skoroselki will give the earliest harvest, determinant varieties - a little later, and during this time the giants will start to ripen. In this case, it is important to take into account the height of the plants and plant quickaddles at the greenhouse walls, and all tall ones are closer to the passage in the middle of the greenhouse. Then everyone will get sunlight without exception, and the giants will not obscure the little ones.

1. Preparation of the landing holes

In principle, if all the necessary mineral and organic fertilizers have already been applied to the land, then nothing needs to be added to the wells. For the organization of seats in accordance with the chosen landing pattern, small pits with a depth of about 15 cm are dug.

In each of them, you can pour a handful of wood ash, as well as shed with an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate to prevent the occurrence of diseases and disinfect the land. This solution is prepared at the rate of 1 g of potassium permanganate in a bucket of water. If prophylaxis is not carried out, then all the depressions are well shed with ordinary separated water.

After successfully transporting tomato seedlings from home to garden plot   and preparing the landing holes you can embark them.

It is best to plant seedlings without destroying the earthy coma around the roots. For this, the saplings are plentifully shed the day before planting. This should not be done on the day of planting, as the lump will be too heavy and the roots may be damaged during transplantation. If the substrate is dried up, then when the seedling is taken from the pot, the lump will simply fall apart and strip the root.

The process of planting itself is nothing complicated: you just need to put all the seedlings in the hole in accordance with the varieties and height of future plants. Deepening seedlings when planting in a permanent place is not recommended, as they will stop growing for a while, which is undesirable. Then the voids in each well are filled with earth until a flat surface is formed, while the earth around the seedling is slightly compacted with fingers.

1. Preparation of beds

All the same elements are brought into the ground as in preparation for planting in the greenhouse, and then they are well digged. If the bed has already been formed in advance, the missing elements can be brought directly to the bottom of the planting holes, it is good to shed and mix with a small spatula.

1. Planting tomato seedlings

It is produced according to the following schemes:

• stunted quick heads are planted in a checkerboard pattern with a 60 cm row spacing at a distance of 30 ... 35 cm from each other;
• taller varieties according to the scheme 70x30 and 70x50 when grown in one and two stems, respectively.

The very planting of tomato seedlings is done in the same way as they are planted in a greenhouse.

1. Greenhouse organization.

How to put it with the help of arcs and films has already been described above, but there are already ready-made film greenhouses that can be bought in a gardening shop. In any case, even with later landings, it is recommended to place them at least for three to four days, after which they are eliminated. During this time, tomatoes will have time to adapt to new conditions. By the way, the fact that immediately after the landing they will become lethargic, the phenomenon is absolutely normal, and you should not be afraid of that.

When and how to plant tomatoes in open ground: video

Care of tomato seedlings after planting

In the first three or four days after planting, they do not need to be disturbed or even watered.

• Watering. After a period of time for adaptation, watering can begin, which should be not too frequent, but abundant. It is clear that it is not recommended to allow land drainage, but overflow is undesirable, since it contributes to the development of various diseases. Irregular irrigation will result in top rot of the fruit.
• Top dressing.   Five days after planting, the first loosening of the soil around the seedlings should be carried out, and 10 ... 14 days after planting they should be fed with complex fertilizer containing in equal parts nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.
• Garter. To tie up tomato seedlings, of course, if necessary, begin when they are already well adapted to the new conditions, that is, also after a couple of weeks. Depending on the height of a particular variety, pegs or trellis are used. Low skorospelki usually do not need any tying, as they form a low bush and at the same time branched.
• Masking. Gatting (removal of sprouting processes between true leaves and a stem) should be started when tomato seedlings reach a height of 25 ... 30 cm. Usually, only one, the lowest stepson is left, for plant development in two stems or when the main stem is seriously damaged. All the rest must be removed, because they only take the sap from the plant, nutritious elements and significantly thicken the bush, which adversely affects its productivity. By the way, there is some amount early ripening varieties   Tomatoes that do not need to be staked at all, as well as varieties that produce a small number of such shoots.

We plant tomato seedlings in open ground: video

Proper planting of tomato seedlings will ensure the gardener a guarantee good harvest. It is important to pay attention to the planting scheme both in the greenhouse and in the open field, as with a thickened planting a high yield is not reached.