What fruit trees grow the fastest. Fast growing trees and shrubs
Give the garden a finished look help. If you choose fast-growing shrubs and trees, then it can be done in just a couple of seasons.
The range of coniferous plants is wide, and it is difficult to choose from the whole variety.
Evergreens - all long-lived. Some of them remain small, others grow gigantic in size.
The ranking of the 37 best native trees for afforestation of pastures should lead to field management. “The idea is that he is a reference to the producer so that he can choose the most suitable trees for pasture storage,” explains researcher Ana Karina.
Planting trees that grow faster than eucalyptus does not fall into the area. Paullonia, an American tree that grows faster than eucalyptus, can be represented in Portugal. But this possibility does not cause concern to forestry producers and pulp producers in the region. The Portuguese government is exploring an ancient tree that grows faster than eucalyptus. Paulonia or pavlovya originating from Asia produce high-quality wood, and its fibers can be used in the production of pulp.
Among the hvoynik there is a division on:
Dwarf. The maximum height of such plants in adulthood, and this is no less than 20 years, depending on the type, does not exceed 1.5 meters.
Sredneroslye. Plant height starts at 4.5 meters and ends at 18 meters.
Tall. All plants above 18 meters.
There is an opinion among gardeners that all tall plants quickly grow up green mass. But this is not entirely correct.
This process has been pending for about a year, but the idea does not reflect the enthusiasm of the region’s forest and forest associations. Also because the whole production process is adapted to eucalyptus, and all methods are studied and adapted to this type of tree. Antonio Barreto recalls that other attempts were made to introduce species originating from other countries on national territory that were not avenged. For some time a sugar cane plant appeared, from which cellulose was also made.
We did some initial tests, and this was not accepted, he explains. “In Portugal, you can’t invent a lot from the point of view of trees,” adds Luis Damas, forestry official of the Farmers Association Abrantes, Sardaal and Masao. Louis Damas believes, however, that it is too early to consider using a new tree. Only after 16 years or more can the idea of the development of the species arise. It is necessary to carry out tests and characteristics that confirm paleoliniya in other countries, can not lead to Portugal, - he commented.
Conifers are so diverse that among them there are deciduous and those that have leaves instead of needles.
Before choosing a plant for the garden you need to understand this variety.
Types of conifers:
Fir. Of all the types of fir growing balsam fir is considered. The maximum height of the plant is about 20 meters. But this size it reaches 20 years after disembarkation. The increase in the first three years of life is no more than 5 cm. Subsequently, the green mass increases to 10 cm per season.
The possible use of these trees for reforestation and reorganization of forests affected by fires, which devastate large areas of the association’s influence zones, is also not equated. “This is not a solution to all of this, and we must carefully analyze all situations,” he warns, adding that the view may even become a serious headache. We can stand in front of a two-handed stick. It can become a weed. There may be insects with their characteristics, and plague may occur, he adds, adding that "trees can grow quickly, but if they come out of the industry, they are useless."
Optimal for quickly filling the garden to buy plants in the fifth or seventh year of life. This plant is able to decorate the garden. It is decorative throughout life. Its distinctive quality is the pomp of the crown. Even in the adult state, the bottom of the tree does not bare, like a pine.
Cedar. For quick results in the garden you can plant Himalayan cedar. It grows rather quickly and with its grace can play the role of a soloist in the coniferous group. Height of an adult plant can reach 25 meters. But this happens only 20 years after landing. Such a tree is not for a small garden.
At that time there was an idea that it grew faster than other pines. Paulinonia is produced in the United States of America and undergo a quarantine period in the Spanish archipelago of the Canary Islands. In Portugal, there are already several variants of paulonia, which have been used as decorative trees. Given the Portuguese climate, it is believed that the tree can be ready for use after eight years, while eucalyptus takes ten years. can be reborn eight times, while eucalyptus gives only three cuts on average.
The dignity of all junipers are:
Medicinal qualities. These plants heal the air around them. Juniper pine needles can be used to make decoctions and soothing baths.
Frost resistance. All types of junipers tolerate even harsh winters.
This tree, also known as "false flat tree" or "white maple tree", is the largest of the maples: it can reach 35 meters in height, for a trunk with a diameter of 1 to 2 meters. Its growth is impressive in its early years. This species of foliage produces a beautiful, dense tree, the dark green foliage of which contrasts with the light beige bark. The bark becomes darker with time.
It blooms in spring and produces yellowish hanging clusters, followed by fruit called samara. The maple stratum is a species that needs light. He is afraid of acid or too compact soil. This majestic tree can be grown as decorative tree, along roadsides, parks and large gardens.
A variety of varieties and forms. Among these representatives of evergreen many creeping forms, which closely adjoin to the ground and flow around its irregularities with their branches. There are raised forms.
These shrubs quickly occupy the area around them. may be in the form of a columnar tree.
Unpretentiousness. Juniper for growth and development do not need much. It is enough to find a good place and ensure not frequent, but regular watering and sprinkling. The ground for juniper is suitable even stony.
It can be planted all year round, except for periods of frost, so mix garden soil and soil in equal parts. Wet the soil around the tree and dig up the planting chute. Water plentifully once or twice a week promotes healing. They are rounded and consist of 5 shares. This hardwood is very often used as an oil for reforestation, because its growth is very fast, and wood is of high quality.
This white solid wood is used in cabinet making and joinery for furniture and kitchen utensils. It can also be used for veneers and strings cladding to form the back, sides and neck of a violin. This worthy representative of the Norwegian maple trees produces a round wide crown that provides a very refreshing shade. It differs from the form of fluorescent yellow foliage, so blinding in the spring that it competes with the sun! In summer, the leaves turn greenish yellow and then turn yellow in autumn.
Good reaction to a haircut.
From fast-growing junipers you should pay attention to: Juniper horizontal.
The height of this plant is small, only 30 cm. But, on the horizontal plane, it can occupy a space of up to 3 meters or more in diameter. The increase after 3 years of life per season is 10-15 cm.
Juniper Cossack. This is an old favorite gardeners. If you give him freedom, he can fill his space with prickly and fragrant branches about 60 cm high and 5 meters or more in diameter. This is due to its good rooting.
Unlike many trees with yellow foliage, it is not susceptible to sunburn. This famous variety is valued for its beautiful dark red foliage, which is little susceptible to attacks and insect diseases. Like all maples of Norway, it produces surface root systemwhich is less invasive than in species. His spherical habit creates a large regular crown with very dense foliage for thick shadow. Early spring, the flowers of bright yellow flowers bloom on the branches, creating a bright contrast with the young glossy red leaves of the wine.
It is enough for a branch to lean against the ground and with sufficient soil moisture it grows and gives new young branches. So this plant is spreading over large areas. In natural conditions along the coast
Black Sea in the forests it creates impassable thickets. The thickness of the branches of an adult plant is not inferior to trees.
Freeman's Maple is a cross from hybrids between red maple and silver maple. Its ascending branches form a wide oval, very dense crown, and its green green leaves, cut into five deep, pointed petals, take on a brilliant autumn color from scarlet to orange-red. This variety produces several flowers and therefore little fruit. Once established, this tree tolerates moist soils, but also drought.
This variety is easily forgiven for some small sensitivities, since its light green foliage bordered with white is beautiful in the landscape. Through a dense round crown with abundant leaves, a branch with medium green leaves can develop; cut as soon as possible to maintain color. Avoid planting in too dry soils and very sunny places to prevent leaf burning. Sites subject to prevailing winds in winter are also canceled.
Red cedar. One of the most slender trees among conifers. Its branches are directed upwards. As an adult, a tree can reach a height of about 5 meters, but even with such dimensions it retains its slimness and, thanks to this, can become an ornament to a small area. The needles of this representative have an interesting gray-blue color.
The flowering of chestnut is a miracle! They thrive in large numbers on mature trees in June. In the fall, flowers are accompanied by inedible and thorny chestnuts, whose squirrels love. A tree with a rounded oval port provides a dense shade for several years before its main branches open to maturity to allow light to pass through. Its wide webbed leaves consist of seven leaves, which in autumn vary from dark green to golden yellow.
The only representative of its kind, this tree is the oldest known rural family, which is more than 270 million years ago. This tree can live more than a thousand years and will not get tired of insects or diseases. In the fall, his fan moves from green to golden yellow. After many years, female plants can produce seeds only if eggs are fertilized by pollen from a nearby male tree.
Larch. The disadvantage of this deciduous representative of conifers in size. Adult plant - a giant height of about 25 meters. The beauty grows pretty quickly and at the age of ten its growth is already 5 meters. This plant is for parks and large areas. At a young age she is slim and has a conical shape. Soft needles are pleasant to the touch. In more mature age, the appearance of the tree deteriorates due to the loss of the lower branches.
During a good season, the leaves consist of about 30 small yellow sheets that allow you to identify at a glance! The resulting shade is very light and allows you to grow perennial plantsgrowing in partial shade. The main reason for wind protection is to reduce the wind speed and change the air flow. Benefits of wind protection facilities surrounding farms include lowering snow removal costs, protecting buildings, reducing energy consumption, increasing water supply, creating microclimatic conditions. Other benefits include improving wildlife habitat, carbon sequestration, reducing dust, improving intimacy, creating an environment in which life and work are good.
Metasequoia. The history of this plant is very interesting. Until the 20th century, it was known only from sources from excavations. In 1941, in the courtyard of an ancient Chinese temple, several specimens of this most ancient representative of the clan were discovered.
From there it began, or rather continued, its subsequent history. The tree grows fast. 50 years after landing, it reaches a height of 20 meters, but this is an inconclusive height.
For best results, plan to position your protective cover so that buildings are in the zone of maximum wind speed reduction or two to seven times the height of the trees. In determining the location of the windmill, consideration should be given to the possible expansion of the farm and the presence of elevated or buried electrical lines.
Long-term protective canvases should be maintained and removed only when absolutely necessary. In most cases, old protective canvases continue to provide protection from wind and snow, but these protective strips have been developed in accordance with agricultural practice and needs during planting, as well as with the development and expansion of farms, farmers may wish to have more space in their yard add buildings and parking machines. It is advisable to plan the creation of a new shelter outside the existing tree line.
The crown of the tree is a narrow cone. At a young age, it can decorate with itself a small garden, but the gardener needs to know about its final rather big sizes. Like larch, this tree is deciduous and in the fall its needles turn golden.
When the new windmill begins to have the desired effect, it is time to remove the old wind branch, which is too damaged to be restored. In winter, the prevailing winds usually blow from the north and northwest. Therefore, windbreaks should be located along the north and west sides of the yard. An effective protection zone extends seven times the height of the trees. Snow shores vary in wind direction and strength, such as snow, extraction, and wind composition.
However, snow most often accumulates on the windward side of the wind strip at a distance varying from one to three times the height of the trees. An additional row of trees can be planted at a distance of 15 to 30 meters from the wind strip in order to prevent excessive accumulation of snow in the main protective strip.
Spruce. This is a very familiar conifer. Among the fast-growing representatives of the species, Serbian spruce is noteworthy. The beautiful conical shape allows this plant to become an ornament of a coniferous group or to become a tapeworm against a lawn. If such a spruce is allowed to grow freely, then its beautiful needles will grow about 30-50 cm per year.
Among gardeners there is an erroneous opinion that the pine ordinary grows quickly. But this happens only after the fifth year of life. To fill the picture of the garden in the shortest possible time, it is better to buy copies about a meter high. In the adult state, the pine will reach a height of about 25 meters.
Avoid landing the shelter too close to the house or other buildings to avoid the accumulation of snow in areas that should remain bare. Windbreakers for winter protection should be located at least 30 m from buildings on level ground. Remember that windbreaks planted too close to buildings or roads can cause problems with snow accumulation. If the goal is to save the snow, the protective cover should be between 30 and 90 meters from existing or proposed buildings or roads.
Remember that shrubs form short, deep snow thickets, while leafy trees form longer, smaller snow cylinders. In some situations, for example, on steep slopes, in depressions, near field roads or in cases where it is prohibited by municipal regulations, it may not be possible to install a protective grid at a distance recommended for a farm. In such situations, you should reduce the number of rows of trees and plant upholstery with high density.
Interest in gardeners hvoynikov is not accidental. With the help of these plants, the garden becomes beautiful and alive at any time of the year. They form the basis of the garden architecture.
Care for hvoynikami and their role in the garden
Evergreens do not require special care. Sometimes in their youth, they are a little naughty because of the active spring sun. But adults conifer shrubs and trees are more viable.
For good growth they need:
The soil in which moisture does not stagnate. When planting you need to ensure good drainage. You can not plant these plants in wetlands. They will quickly survive the lack of water than its excess.
Protection at a young age from the active sun in the period from February to April. At this time, it is better to cover them with non-woven material such as lutrasil. In April, it can be gradually removed.
You can not immediately open the plant completely. Let it get used to the sun. At first, this can be done only in the afternoon, gradually increasing the duration of solar procedures.
Protection against large amounts of snow. Snow caps are good only in photos or in the forest.
Garden hvoyniki may suffer from this. After heavy snowfalls, it is advisable to throw snow from the branches. Subsequently, it can break the shrub or tree with its mass.
For the prevention of some gardeners fenced trees for the winter from the snow or bind them for a more compact size. A large pine or spruce tree cannot be saved by these methods, so from time to time it is good to visit them and drop snow caps.
The correct location. do not like strong shade. This is better to consult with experienced gardeners depending on the name of the plant and its species. Some types of juniper with motley needles categorically do not want to show their beauty in conditions of even partial shade.
Feeding. For a lush and healthy crown, the plant needs infrequent, but mandatory dressings. They can be carried out twice per season. The first must be done in the spring at the beginning of active growth.
In order for coniferous plants to fully reveal and show their beauty, it is necessary, besides space, to think of a combination with one another and with deciduous trees.
In large gardens or even estates with a large scale on the background of a spacious lawn or on the lake shore, you can arrange a whole coniferous grove of several instances of pine or spruce. The focus here can be beauties of cedar or larch with its golden needles in autumn.
In a small garden, an ensemble of junipers of various forms will be appropriate. A Cossack juniper in combination with several “pencils” of a virgin juniper will create a three-dimensional composition with a flow from vertical to horizontal.
While watching the video you will learn about growing conifers.
Spruce Serbian and Cossack juniper blend well in gardens with limited space. If desired, his aggressive nature can be pacified by trimming.
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On the ground, many plants, giving a large annual growth. Everyone has heard about the growth rate of bamboo. It's hard to even believe that - the grass. Fast growing plants there are both among shrubs and among trees. Among the leaders in growth rate are eucalyptus and pavlon. But these trees are in open ground grow in places with warm, humid climates. You can choose the fastest growing tree for growing in temperate climates.
Choosing a fast-growing tree for a temperate climate
The fastest growing trees include species that give an increase of up to 2.0 meters per year. In regions with moderately warm summers and cold winters, you can choose among the following types:
- pyramidal poplar
- ash green
- birch tree
- willows of different species
- robinia
- manchurian nut
All these fast-growing trees have their pros and cons. When making a choice in favor of one or another plant, it is necessary to measure the size of the plot with the size of the adult tree, as well as with the purposes for which the plant will be planted. If the site is too wet, then a poplar, Manchu or willow will help to "dry" it a little. Weeping willow forms look great near a garden pond.
For the decoration of garden alleys suitable ash and birch. If practically any fast-growing tree is suitable for large areas, then for small areas the plant should be chosen more carefully.
In this case, the tree should not only grow quickly, but also be a decoration of the garden, attract attention to their appearance, and allow other plants to exist alongside. In this case, one of the best fast-growing trees will be robinia or, as it is called by the people, the white acacia.
This deciduous tree can be called an ideal plant among all fast-growing trees. It appeared in Europe after the discovery of America. Robinia in wild species ubiquitous in the deciduous forests of the states of Georgia, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma. In Europe, it quickly got accustomed and spread, many mistakenly consider it a European aboriginal species.
A sufficiently light bark of Robinia and a longline, openwork crown will give lightness and refinement to any part. The bark on young shoots is smooth, with the presence of thorns, on adult trunks and branches has long cracks. Oval leaves are pinnate, in spring light green with a silky down. In the summer, the leaves are saturated green with a blue tint.
Flowers are collected on 17 - 20 pieces in the drooping long brushes. Their color is white or pale pink. The smell of flowers is so pleasant that they compose romances about fragrant clusters. Like most members of the family of legumes, the fruit of Robinia is bob, up to 12 cm long.
For many gardeners of robinia, a false-acacia is a real find. It is very resistant to moisture deficiency, undemanding to soil fertility. It is cold-resistant enough, but even when the shoots are freezing, it recovers very quickly. Mature trees tolerate low temperatures better and can die only at - 40.
Long roots give the plant high wind resistance. Wood carries heavily polluted air and dust. Therefore, it grows well near highways, industrial plants and railways. Thanks to root nodules that bind atmospheric nitrogen, it can enrich the soil with this important element.
The presence of decorative forms make this tree attractive for garden designers. Growing a robinia on your own is a snap.
How to plant and grow a falsely acted Robinia
Robinia is well propagated by seeds or root suckers. Landing time is spring, since autumn planting the plant will not have time to take root and it is enough to increase the root system. It is advisable to grow Robinia in good light and with protection from the wind from the north.
Before planting, the seeds of this plant must be immersed in boiling water for 10 seconds and immediately immersed in ice water. Such processing will make the seed shell softer, which will allow them to germinate quickly. Sow the seeds you need immediately after processing. They do it in pots at the beginning of March, and at the end of April they are planted in a greenhouse. As soon as the air temperature reaches + 18 + 20 degrees, the tree is transplanted to open garden bed for rearing.
Video on how to properly grow robinia pseudoacation:
The site for planting is well digged and be sure to make either wood ash, or old slaked lime, or dolomite flour. Sand should be added to heavy clay soil. If there are several seedlings, then the distance between them should be left at least 0.3 meters. In the first year, a seedling obtained by the seed method can reach a height of 1 m and even increase several side branches.
The next spring, before bud break, this seedling is transplanted to permanent place. If the root scion is used, then the planting is also carried out in the spring, before the buds open. Regardless of the method of obtaining a seedling, the care of the plant is about the same.
Robinia care
In the first year after planting a seedling plover, it is important to systematically weed and thoroughly remove weeds. In addition to the plant was able to root well, it must be regularly watered. One plant needs 1-2 buckets of water at least once a week. After watering, the land under the bush is mulched with a mixture of soil and sand.
During the entire growing period, the tree trunk circle under the tree should be kept clean. In addition, the whole season the plant needs complex mineral supplements. They need to produce twice a month. AT temperate climate middle band this plant has virtually no pests.
They threaten plojacation only in the southern regions with a warm climate. Separately, it should be said that robinia not only grows rapidly, has a high decorative effect, it is also an excellent honey plant and plant.
