How to prune the old cherry in spring scheme. Pruning cherry in spring.

Cherry - a perennial culture, a representative of the family Rosaceae, contains more than 140 species. It looks like a bush or a tree with ovoid leaves, white and pink flowers. Plant height 1.5-5 m, root system   is located 20-40 cm below the soil level. Culture differs in juicy pitted berries, which are consumed fresh, canned, frozen. Cherry fruits are healthy and tasty, and their yield reaches 15 kg from one tree.

Fruit and decorative features of cherry

By the nature of growth and fruiting plants are divided into two types - bushy and tree.

Kustovidnye

Fruit on long branches, which are formed from the upper buds.

• Fruit buds are on all branches shorter than 20 cm, excluding apical. After the branches are removed, they will gradually become bare.
• On branches 30-40 cm (called medium) lateral buds can be placed in a bundle, 2-3 pieces each: one is tall and the other is flower.
• On branches 50-60 cm long, which are called strong, almost all the buds are fruitful. Only the bouquet branches of bush varieties do not bear fruit.

Tree

• Most of the fruits of the cherry tree are placed on the bouquet branches, which produce a short shoot from the apical growth bud. With proper care and timely pruning, powerful shoots grow from them, becoming strong young branches.
• On weak branches almost all lateral buds bear fruit, and then become bare.
• On long branches 40-50 cm most of the buds are growth. When the growth of the tree is weakened, flower buds are laid on all the shoots.

For trees of both species, the average shoots (30–40 cm) are the most valuable, since the yield depends on the fruit buds that form on them.

Ecological requirements and growing features

Before planting a cherry tree, it is necessary to take into account the rules of how to care for cherries, as well as the peculiarities of growing this crop. Otherwise, you can not count on a good harvest.

• Cherry, a tree that grows well in hilly areas, loves warmth, therefore, preference should be given to the south, south-west side, closed from the strong wind.
• Groundwater must be deep to prevent root decay. Also, do not plant a tree in a lowland or marshland.
• Cherry growing and caring for which does not cause any particular difficulties, loves sunlight and grows well with root shoots (layering), so choose a well-lit place, preferably on an elevation. If the plot allows, plan the cultivation of a cherry orchard, planting it away from the rest.
• The soil should be fertile, sandy or loamy soil with neutral acidity will be suitable.
• Do not plant cherries near high fences and forest belts, they will create a shadow.

Check that in winter the base of the tree is covered with snow no more than a meter.

Terms, purpose and nature of trimming

It is necessary to know how to cut the cherries so that the tree gives a good harvest, brings juicy and tasty berries.

Dates

Since cherry loves warmly and does not tolerate frosts, the time for pruning is the end of March, the beginning of April, when the cold weather recedes, and always on a warm day. It is necessary to perform manipulations before swelling of the kidneys. It is equally important to follow the process of sap flow, and proceed to pruning before it starts.

What is pruned cherry in spring

Cherries need systematic pruning, it must be carried out in order to:

The process must be approached with caution to prevent yield losses due to excessive pruning. Mature trees should be pruned first, since the fruit-bearing stone trees produce inflorescences earlier than vegetative buds. In adult cherries remove:

• branches growing up, at right angles, or inside the crown;
• dry and diseased branches, broken by frost and thickening the crown;
• root growth, which takes the nutrients from the tree, if it was not done in the fall.

How to cut the cherry for 1 year:

• The first time they cut the tree 12 months after planting.
• Choose a few basic, powerful branches.
• Cut them at the same level with the lower branches, which leave untouched.
• Remove all branches growing inside the crown.

Pruning cherries for 2-3 years:

• New shoots grown on the trunk are pruned in the spring for the second year, or break off in the summer.
• Clean damaged by frost and dried shoots.
• In bushy varieties, all branches, except for skeletal ones, are longer than 50 cm.

• To form the correct crown, side shoots are left on the trunk (up to 12 in an adult tree).
• The remaining branches must be located 10-15 cm one from another, and look in different directions.
• Places pruned grease garden pitch.

Crop cherry spring video

Cherry: planting and care in the spring

Early spring is the perfect time for planting new trees. Until the foliage has blossomed, until mid-April, you can actively engage in planting young cherries. First, choose a place for a sapling, note that the culture loves heat, light, light soils, but does not tolerate drafts, wind, and water logging.

Select seedlings should be given the criteria for growth. Ideal for planting biennial seedlings with:

• shtamb up to 70 cm;
• skeletal branches up to 60 cm;
• trunk diameter up to 2.5 cm.

Plant young trees should be in medium-light loamy soil. Pre-prepare the pit for planting: depth - 45 cm, diameter - 60 cm, in the center of which is placed a peg for support.

When planting, fertilizer is immediately applied - a mixture of soil with 1 kg of ash, humus, 25 g of phosphate and potassium chloride. Holding the plant in an upright position, the pit is sprinkled with soil and compacted. Form a well, pour in 2 buckets of warm water, mulch the soil with sawdust and peat, and then fix the seedling to the peg.

Further basic care for cherries consists in periodic soil loosening, pruning, watering, feeding, protecting the tree from pests and diseases.

Total

Proper care   for cherry spring allows you to lay the foundation for good harvest. The first work can begin as early as April. Timely implementation of care activities will surely bring a great harvest.

Many people know that a regular and abundant harvest of cherry berries depends on the correct and timely cutting of the crown of the tree. As a rule, the formation of the crown of trees made to engage in the spring or autumn. Spring pruning of cherries allows you to free the tree from old, sick and broken branches under the weight of snow. However, it does not always remove only the old and sick branches, sometimes you have to clean up completely fresh. What is it for? How to make pruning?

The process of pruning cherries and cherries in spring or autumn requires great patience from the gardener   and competent approach. Many gardeners are confident that pruning cherries is an unnecessary exercise, time-consuming, while the tree is already fruitful. This is an erroneous opinion, because besides obtaining a meager harvest, ignoring the pruning of a tree, a gardener can lead a tree to death.

What is pruning cherry for?

Pruning a tree is necessary in order for it to have the correct crown. Without such a procedure, the tree will begin to grow in width, so that its branches and trunks will become weak and fragile - they will easily break from the wind and under the weight of snow. The formation of the crown, in turn, allows you to get a stronger tree with a strong trunk and flexible branches.

Haircut helps to reach the tree trunk plenty of sunshine, which has a beneficial effect on the growth and development of the plant. Airing the crown can be achieved only by freeing the plant from unnecessary branches.

In addition, it is necessary to cut the cherry in order to free it from old, sick and broken branches. They take a lot of nutrients from the tree, and there is no benefit from them. In addition, diseased branches can infect neighboring, and then the whole tree. The pruned tree gives a rich and annual harvest - another indisputable plus of this procedure.

How to prune cherry in spring?

Spring pruning cherry should start from mid April. This period can be changed depending on the climate of the area, but it is necessary to prune before the sap flow begins in the branches. Otherwise pruning can damage the wood. It is necessary to carry out this procedure competently and according to certain rules - this will facilitate the gardener's work, make the process the most qualitative and harmless to cherries:

A haircut performed once a yearHowever, if necessary, it can be repeated in the fall. Formation of the crown should be done if after planting a tree 5 years have passed. When bushy cherry form, you must leave about eight skeletal twigs. For tree variety, leave about 5 branches. You can shorten only young cherries 3-4 years.

If the annual shoots reached a height of more than half a meter, they should be shortened by one third - this will contribute to their better branching. A one-year increase in the fruit-bearing variety does not need to be cut, as this will lead to the shrinkage of the plant. In grafted wood, it is necessary to remove root shoots that reduce its yield.

A fruit bearing individual, having a beautiful growth of annual shoots, does not need to be cut, it is only necessary to thin out the branches of the tree. If growth has decreased by 10-15 cm, you can spend rejuvenating pruning. Skeletal branches must be cut to the place where the growth of the side branches stops. Such pruning should be held 2-3 years in a rowotherwise the plant will open gum.

If after removal of branches, there are wounds on the trunk, they need to be processed. Use for this garden var or oil paint.

Pruning a young plant

Young cherries must be pruned immediately after planting. Pruning the seedling will allow you to achieve the correct shape of the crown of the tree, the root system of the plant will transfer the transplant more easily, it will take root more quickly and easily in a new place. Pruning a young plant is necessary carry out the following rules:

In the spring, it is necessary to trace how the plant develops: so that the crown is formed correctly, it is not allowed to thicken the bush. Branches having a direction inside the bush, must be removed.

Before starting the process, it is necessary to prepare in advance all the necessary materials and visually examine the process of spring cherry trimming on the video. So, you protect your plant from the wrong haircut and form a good crown. Cherry will thank you for a rich harvest.

The taste of cherry is not like any other. Today, many people are offered for purchase by vacationers. different varieties   and hybrids. In order for the fruit tree to enjoy the yield, it is necessary to regularly prune it.

Pruning is one of the effective ways to successfully influence the fruiting of the crop, to control the growth and life of the planting, the onset and the number of ripened fruits of high quality.

Trimming can be:

• forming - the purpose of the process is the formation of the crown of a young tree, carried out in the first 3 years of life after planting;
• supporting - allows you to maintain the plant in a productive state throughout his life;
• rejuvenating - pruning in spring increases the life of the tree and provides good yields.

Why prune cherries in spring

Opinions gardeners on the need for pruning fruit plants are divided. Some believe that this is a waste of time and effort, moreover, supposedly the procedure can harm the natural growth and development of the cherry tree. Therefore, newcomers to the horticultural business in the majority prefer to let the development of garden crops go to chance.

However, experts insist that pruning cherries is a mandatory procedure in spring. Another thing is that not everyone knows what the correct pruning consists of; error and negligence can result in a real decrease in fruiting.

So, cutting the dried branches and pinching off the excess shoots, thinning the crown of cherries will help:

• come to the correct form of the plant, avoid one-sided growth;
• increase fruit yield;
• increase the size of cherries;
• prevent the occurrence and reproduction of pests that are plant pathogens of dangerous diseases;
• pruning a cherry each spring rejuvenates the tree and inhibits its aging process.

How to cut the cherry correctly

Before tackling pruning fruit trees, one should learn to identify vegetative shoots where young branches later form. If the branches originate in the upper buds or are characterized by tree varieties, they also do not need to be cut. Actually, this is the correct pruning of cherries in spring.

Depending on what kind of cherry in front of you - bushy or tree - are determined by features of trimming plantings. At the tree can grow fruit-bearing branches, giving a harvest of one year. Peduncles form more often on bouquets, perennial branches. Therefore, the scheme of pruning cherry trees is different.

With pruning is better not to delay, try to start from the first year of the plant life. By the way, this requirement is desirable to adhere to in relation to all stone fruit crops. You will not have time to look back, as the tree has already grown, and the crown has thickened strongly. The dense form reduces the yield of fruit trees and generally weakens them. Large fruits in this case should not be expected.

After planting the cherry tree, cut off all the shoots, leave only 5 pieces, the strongest and healthiest, it is better to leave 10 branches on the bush. The cut of the shoots is distributed at the base of the seedling, the wound site is smeared with garden pitch.

Please note: branches should be located at a distance of 10 cm from each other and rush in different directions. This will allow the main shoots to grow rapidly and further develop.

Features pruning different types of cherries

Gardeners and gardeners love to feast on the fruits of a special tree - felt cherries. If the harvest of treelike cherry tree has a sour taste, then the felt seedling has a sweetish pleasant aftertaste. The name of the "felt" planting is due to light pubescence on the leaves, velvet to the touch.

It is easy and simple to care for it, for planting give preference to the high-altitude land plots. When a tree enters the growing season, you need to monitor a sufficient level of soil moisture, fertilizing and, of course, competent pruning of branches in the spring.

Primary cutting helps to form a powerful, spreading shrub, then your task is to keep it in exactly the same shape. When a cherry plant turns 8 years old, you need to resort to anti-aging pruning. No root offspring on felt cherry   No, that greatly simplifies the life of gardeners.

Now a few words about pruning a bush tree. When the tops of the branches become bare, and the number of shoots decreases, all the remaining branches are removed by one third. Skeletal and semi-skeletal shoots are also shortened according to the scheme. Experienced gardeners advise to practice alternating shortening of skeletal branches with semi-skeletal every year.

Busy fruit plants do not accept the removal of common shoots that grow directly from the upper bud. Cutting is fraught with drying branches.

Basic requirements for proper pruning of cherries

To cut the branches did not harm the fruit tree, adhere to the basic requirements made by the specialists in horticultural affairs:

1. If the cherry rushed up, in a timely manner get rid of the shoots growing to the top.
2. Cut branches on a bush cherry that are longer than 0.5 m.
3. If you leave the side shoots, the tree will acquire the correct crown, consisting of strong 15 branches.
4. Getting rid of dry branches is necessary for preventive purposes.
5. Stick to a sparse-tiered or combined tree cherry growing scheme.
6. If for a year the growth of shoots does not exceed 15 cm, it’s time to take up the rejuvenating pruning of the fruit plantation.

At the time of flowering, the cherry is a beautiful and elegant bride, and the owner with pride is already beginning to count her future harvest in the equivalent of buckets. But all the flowers do not always reach the ripe berries, and this is due to many factors, including proper plant care: pruning cherries in the spring (standard scheme) and in the fall, feeding, watering, spraying and other measures.

For cherries, the most important thing is to form a crown with the main trunk of a longline type. As the tree grows older, it is necessary to gradually cut out the main shoots, but not too much, since the cherry is a heat-loving culture, therefore intensive cutting of the cherry in spring, multiplied by severe frosts in winter, will simply ruin the plant.

This tree, like many stone fruits, needs at least two treatments per year: spring and autumn. Plan this procedure should be based on the climatic zone of growth. It should also be noted that the annual young saplings do not need autumn pruning, due to the same characteristics of the cherry - it is difficult to tolerate frosts.

Cherry Cutting Tool

The quality of the tool depends not only on the proper pruning, but also on the time within which the tree can recover. To carry out this procedure should be used:

• garden knife, necessary when cutting thin branches;
• a saw for trimming large branches of a tree;
• garden pruners.

The entire instrument should be kept clean and as sharp as possible. In addition, during the work, you will need to use a garden pitch, which is used to process all cutting sites.

What is pruned cherry in spring

Cherries need systematic pruning, it must be carried out in order to:

Basic requirements for proper pruning in spring

To cut the branches did not harm the fruit tree, adhere to the basic requirements made by the specialists in horticultural affairs:

If the cherry rushed up, in a timely manner get rid of the shoots growing to the top.

Cut branches on a bush cherry that are longer than 0.5 m.

If you leave the side shoots, the tree will acquire the correct crown, consisting of strong 15 branches.

Getting rid of dry branches is necessary for preventive purposes.

Stick to a sparse-tiered or combined tree cherry growing scheme.

If for a year the growth of shoots does not exceed 15 cm, it’s time to take up the rejuvenating pruning of the fruit plantation.

Pruning bush and tree cherry in spring

The pattern of trimming a bush cherry is in the following steps.

• With the exposure of the ends of the branches trimmed to the third part or in half.
• Skeletal and semi-skeletal branches are cut near the buds or branches.
• You can not cut both types of branches at once.
• “Purge”, depending on the type of stems, is alternated annually.
• Do not remove young shoots.
• It is preferable to remove shoots about sixty centimeters long.
• Cut branches on the side branches.

There are some distinctive features between pruning an adult plant and a seedling. During the implementation of the planting, the strongest stem is determined, and in the crown of the cherry five stalks are not cut, located at a short distance between themselves. They are cut at an angle. Remove growing on the trunk, the stems. And cut crossed. An adult tree is trimmed in order to keep the cherry healthy and strong. Shoots are reduced to the third part, if they are located on a bare branch, the old and the sick are removed.

Pruning a young cherry in spring

Pruning a young cherry in the spring of next year after planting a seedling is a very important event. If, over the course of several years, to adhere to the chosen processing scheme, then in most cases one pruning per year can suffice - namely, the spring one. It can not be called more important than the autumn, because each of them has different goals. But the fact is that even if you are not sure about the result or a beginning gardener, then before winter, in the autumn pruning, you can still adjust your work.

Pruning cherry spring

When pruning fruit-bearing cherry trees, you should reduce the length of bare branches, as well as shorten the path of nutrient inputs from the roots to the crown. Developed annual growths are minimally cut.

The good harvest and health of the cherry fruit garden depends on the annual pruning of the branches and the formation of the treetops. A scientific approach to this procedure will allow to achieve high results and stimulate the intake of important nutrients clearly on the ripening of fruits. Recall that in the spring affects only healthy trees that can withstand this procedure. Weak or diseased plants after a serious surgery may simply dry out. Therefore, during the warm season, before pruning the branches, it is necessary to ensure the garden with good feeding and watering.

If throughout the winter the air temperature did not fall below 30 degrees, then the branches of the cherry tree can be cut already in early spring in the month of March.

The main thing is that on this day there would be no precipitation in the form of rain or sleet, which could harm the rapid healing of wounds.
  If the winter was very frosty and the air temperature dropped below 30 degrees, then a specialist’s recommendation is necessary, which can completely prohibit pruning this spring or move it to the beginning of sap flow.

How to prune a fruit tree

Mature trees are pruned first, because the fruit-bearing stone fruit plants release their inflorescences before vegetative buds, and the necessary branch formation must be carried out in time. It is not scary if such a procedure drags on until a strong swelling of the kidneys. The main thing is that the pruning of the cherry does not start with the appearance of greenery on the cone, which will certainly weaken the entire fruitful tree. Delay with the procedure will lead to the loss of nutrient reserves, as well as shortening new shoots.

How to prune a young tree

Young cherry trees, which have not yet borne fruit, are pruned later in the spring to mature plants, gradually forming the future garden. Pruning is done from the seedlings, leaving only the five strongest branches. Such rules of fruit growing help to avoid further thickening of the crown, which is often done by inexperienced gardeners. For example, you can view video tutorials that will help to understand the nuances of caring for fruit trees.

Pruning branches and crown of fruitful excludes:

• crown thickening;
• one-sided growth of the tree;
• lower yields.

It is important to remember:

• when trimming the center conductor, it is not necessary to leave foam on it. Drying them out may lead to an additional risk of infecting the plant with a fatal infection;
• during the formation of branches and the transition from one tree to another, it is necessary to disinfect the instrument, excluding the spread of all kinds of wood diseases;
• each branch removal operation must end with wound disinfection with garden solution, thereby helping the tree to heal quickly the damaged areas of the bark.

All activities for the care of the garden are based solely on the characteristics of their fruiting, as well as the varieties.

In the spring, before pruning the cherry orchard, you need to find out which sort of cherry is planted: bush or tree. Spray cherries should not have branches longer than 50 cm, hence the formation of the future bush. When forming a young tree, it is necessary to carefully remove the young branches, because the future of the cherry and its fecundity depend on it.

Tree cherry also needs a crown bookmark, but here it is important not to overdo it with pruning of young branches. Do not hurt the tree and cut off many shoots at once. High varieties of trees, over time, need to be limited in growth and gradually form a crown up to 3 m. If the cherry grows quickly, increasing by 40 cm per year, then pruning is carried out only by thinning the branches, reaching the planned height with time. With an average rate of growth of branches up to 20 cm, shorten the first side branch on the shoots of last year. In the event that the tree has slowed down the growth even in spring or the renewal of the shoots has completely stopped, serious pruning is applied to those places where there is no branching from previous years.

What gives cropping:

1. the correct form of the tree;
2. increases yield;
3. removes old branches;
4. stimulates plant immunity;
5. increases the "youth" of the tree.

It will give a good impetus to the formation of a large number of fruits in the trees and maintain high yields throughout the entire life of the plants. If you prune in time, the young shoot will have time to accumulate enough nutrients to fill the fruit with taste and healthy color.

The fruit species of plants requires constant attention, and if left without care, such next year yield drops significantly. A good large cherry will delight the grower, if you follow all the recommendations of the experts accurately. Competent pruning will not only form a beautiful crown, but will improve the immunity of the tree, preventing fungal infections and all kinds of wood diseases.