We select a cable for the electrical wiring of the apartment. Which wire to choose for wiring in the cabin: recommendations for choosing How to choose the wiring for the apartment

The fragments in today's cabins are damaged without any electrical accessories, it is necessary to determine which cable to install for wiring in the apartment. Electrical conductors differ among themselves not only by their appearance, but also by their characteristics.

[Prikhovati]

The capacity of the cable to the port

Electrical cables and cables for installation in an apartment or private cabin are divided according to the parameters described in the table.

The Radioamator TV channel tells you about the similarities and strength of conductors, as well as about which cable to choose for installation near the apartment.

Types of electrical wiring per number of cores

Among themselves, electrical supplies in residential and industrial areas are divided into single-core and multi-core.

Cable parameters

In order to correctly select a hole for laying, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the parameters of electrical conductors.

Material lived

For sale you can find electrical wires in which copper or aluminum are used. The remaining budget option, but the modern ones have proven positive in terms of reliability. Such darts are characterized by a higher parameter of the conductivity of the stream, but they are based on a lower one. The electric moons are getting hotter. This material is characterized by high ductility and does not succumb to oxidation as easily as aluminum cables. Through this resource, the exploitation of copper viruses is greater. For apartment installations, it is better to choose copper cables.

Cable cut

This parameter is measured in mm2 and demonstrates the flow capacity of the stream. Elektrolantsyug, vikonany s midi, per square millimeter you can pass no more than 10 amperes to the flow. The aluminum type has a maximum capacity of 8 amperes. To ensure greater electrical safety, it is recommended to select devices with an extended capacity. This prevents overheating and prevents the insulating ball from melting. Important and stock overcuts, fragments of the electrical line, storage under the plaster, do not cool down so quickly.

Fahivtsi do not please vikoristovuvat darts, the working denomination of which is higher than the rozrakhunkovy one. The overcutting parameter is due to marking, as indicated on the dart market, otherwise the operating parameter will be underestimated. There may be minor discrepancies, the fragments for the certification of respect vary by the amount of the support, and not the cut. Since the item is actually different, it is clear that the item is defective.

Table for choosing a cut for the conductor

Total life isolation

Regardless of the number of veins, there is an insulating ball. The insulation material used is PVC or other types of plastic. Plastic may be of great importance or resistance to heat and flammability. The comradeship parameter is determined by GOST. It is consistent with the document that in household wires that operate with voltages up to 660 volts, the wire must have at least 0.6 mm of insulation. If the power line is cut, the value should be 1.5 to 2.5 mm2.

Tovshchina obolonki

The outer shell absorbs the creation of a solid conductor. It is used to fix and tighten the electrical cables that have been loosened in the middle of the cable. The casing is made from various types of plastic. This could be cross-linked polyethylene, PVC or polymer material that is resistant to flammability. The diameter of the membrane is always greater. The standard for conductors with one vein is 1.4 mm, and for multi-vein wires - 1.8 mm. In fact, the diameter of the shell can be a little smaller, but it’s not critical. The durable insulating ball will provide maximum protection against electrical damage.

How to read markuvannya?

When choosing a cable for a household electrical connection, it is recommended to pay attention to marking. Symbols located on the cable allow you to find out all the basic information about the product necessary for selection. On bright cables, the marking is clearly marked, it is marked or pressed into the cable sheathing.

Andriy Kulagin briefly discusses the specifics of cable marking.

The first symbol of the marking demonstrates the material of the insulating ball:

• P - conduct or insulating ball made of polyethylene;
• B - insulating ball made of PVC;
• K - control power line;
• R - insulating ball of viconia with gumi.

Another symbol signifies the material that was used for the preparation of the shell:

• B – for the preparation of vicoristic PVC;
• R - viconan hull from humic material;
• P - polyethylene.

The label may contain other symbols that indicate important powers to the product:

• ng - the insulating ball of the electrical cable is characterized by reduced flammability;
• Shv - talk about those that the cable is sealed;
• LS - indicates a decrease in the power of dimness, so that the product sees a minimum of dimness at the time of melting;
• BB - for the dry shell, a splint of string was used;
• E - the product is included in the shielding category;
• P - flat cable;
• B - the product is included in the reservation class;
• h - a product in which the free space between the conductors is filled;
• G - virib, which is characterized by colored filament;
• Coolant - the product has a single-draught core.

The symbol of the material used to manufacture the product is indicated only on aluminum cables (letter A). In copper virobes there is no symbol, since the copper fragments are metal, which is used for washing.

Information on how you can avoid marking:

• name of the manufacturer of the product;
• rik vyrobnitstva cable;
• there are so many veins that can be vicorized by the product;
• conductor overcut;
• voltage value and operating rating.

Zabarvlennya is alive

Cables for laying electrical wiring can be installed in one color or in a mixed color on the outer layer. The power line will be switched off.

Briefly about the meaning and specificity of colors:

1. Cables of white, red or brown colors are usually used as a phase. Most electrical circuits are designated as L.
2. Cables in blue color are designated as zero N.
3. Green-colored products represent grounding. Stinks are marked with the symbols РЄ.

Oleksandr Mikryukov reported on the color scheme of marking electrical wires.

Verification of packaging and certificate

A number of different types of packaging for electrical cables. Special bays are used for separate sales to terminal workers. For sale to wholesalers, the virobi are placed near the drums.

Regardless of the type of packaging, a label is attached to the electrical conductors, which makes it possible to identify:

• the name of the enterprise that produced the products may include the brand logo;
• virobu brand;
• date of birth;
• GOST is another standard, which is used in the manufacture of cables;
• number of splice cables from the designated dozhin;
• serial number of the drum, as it relates to wholesale products;
• I will burn the conductor's mask;
• Other information, which includes the identification mark, facifier icons, etc.

When a friend buys a whole bay, the buyer removes the tag with the necessary information. If guides bathe with clothes, then the companion can ask the seller for a tag for information. In addition to certificates, any product is supported by documentation. It is important that conductors have certifications for safety and security. This confirms that the product can be used with specific installation robots. The certificate is obligatorily designated by GOST or standard and terminology.

External camp of virobu

The first thing you need to do when purchasing conductors is to evaluate their visual performance. It is not recommended to buy germs as they may have obvious external damage.

Language go about:

• pom'yatya;
• humps;
• damage to the insulating ball.

Virgins can tell you about problems. External defects may be permanent or permanent.

Channel Sami with Mustache learned about how to find out the place of the conductor’s level on your own.

What kind of cable is required for home wiring?

Any self-installed electrical wiring in a residential area must be determined by the type of wire. The stench will be different for the internal and external gaskets.

For interior and hallway

The use of aluminum electrical lanyards for room wiring is not allowed.

This is due to the following reasons:

1. This material lies behind the copper behind the bag, but its pet support is significantly greater, almost double. We are talking about those that, in order to ensure the necessary throughput of life, it is necessary to install an electrical line with a larger diameter.
2. Aluminum is added to materials that are easily oxidized in the open air. This means that contact with the oxide will have a higher transition resistance. Due to the war, overheating of the contact occurs, which also increases the support parameter. The contact elements melt.
3. When the cables are tightened, the aluminum leaks, so they need to be tightened periodically.
4. Electrical lines made from aluminum are more susceptible to damage when damaged. The insulating ball will crack over time. This will lead to a reaction when exposed to metal. Accelerate the process of oxidation and fermentation of fermented milk.

If the underground installation on the floor level becomes 4.5 kW, then the diameter of the copper conductor for installation becomes 2.5 mm2. Such cables are often used to connect sockets. To organize lighting in the apartment, a 1.5 mm2 wire conductor is required. If you plan to connect heavy-duty sockets, for example, electric stoves, it is better to use 4 mm2 cables.

For external wiring

External electrical wiring is laid on the facade or between several booths. Therefore, the conductor who is available for this purpose is due to clear isolation and is inaccessible to the dotik. For external wiring, it is recommended to seal the twisted electrical cables or protect the PRT electrical lances. Electrical lines of the AVVG and APVG types are allowed underground, unless the laying depth is no less than 0.7 meters.

For wooden booths

Wooden buildings most often have external wiring. The most aesthetic option would be to tighten the torsion of the conductors. Retro cables for outdoor installation are a twisted decorative conductor, which includes insulated cores, connected one by one. The skin of them is installed around the weave, which is made of non-combustible material. Due to the flexibility of the past, the quality of such products is significantly similar to that of modern conductors. Retro wires may have lasted two or three years.

The PENTAdesign channel is about those that darts cannot be used for laying in wooden spores.

Popular cables

If you want to choose the shortest wire for installation in the booth, please check with popular models. The choice of brewer plays a role in nutritional confidence.

VVG and its modifications

Because of the popular variants of Russian culture, vikoryism is practiced almost everywhere. VVG products fall into the category of non-armored power electric vehicles. Our warehouse can contain one to five copper cores, their crossbars can range from 1.5 to 240 mm2. Since the product has a rounded, flat or tri-shaped shape, it contains a protective shell, as well as a polyvinyl chloride insulation ball.

VVG products are divided into the following types:

1. Out of the middle VVG. The main variety, the power of the thing described.
2. VVGNG. This is a power electrical conductor. It is characterized by the presence of an outer shell and an insulating ball of veins. The rest is made from polyvinyl chloride, which falls into the category of non-combustible materials.
3. VVGNG-LS. Electric lance has a large number of veins, the skin of which contains non-flammable insulation. Moreover, the ball of wickedness is in materials that self-extinguishes. The shell of the conductor is characterized by a decrease in the readings of the dividing line at the mountain level.
4. VVGNG FR-LS. Non-flammable type of conductors, which is characterized by reduced smoke. Such cables have a vikorist mica stitch, which is designed to provide additional protection against the ingress of fire.

NYM

Such conductors are prepared from honey, production is established in Russia under a German license. NYM cables comply with Russian and European standards. The main characteristics of such conductors are the same as VVG products. These cables are rated up to a voltage of 0.66 kW. Є two types of NYM viruses - with a web of 1.5 to 10 mm2 and a wide variety with a web of 16 mm2. To ensure minimal flammability of the conductor, gumming is applied between the conductors and the sheathing.

About the technical characteristics of NYM virobes from the channel “Electrics, household appliances and DIY repairs”.

Advantages of NYM viruses:

1. Vikonanny's vigor is good. All elements of the cable are manufactured in accordance with the standards, which increases reliability and ensures improved service life.
2. Fire safety and durability until it burns. When assigned duties, conductors effectively cope with their obligations. As long as the metallic insulating ball is visible, bundled electrical lines are allowed.
3. Simplicity of assembly and handiness of installation.

Why not varto vikorystuvati

To lay the wiring, it is not allowed to leave the PVS conductors dry.

1. Such viruses have lived in a richly growing device. Apparently, to connect the contacts you will need to solder and tin the end parts. For whose survival the last hour is required.
2. Vikoristannaya PVA conductors to break all electrical lines more efficiently until it burns. The darts are heating up faster, leading to faster wear and tear. When you use your service term, you may experience a jam.
3. It is not allowed to lay PVA conductors in a bundle. Electrical lines need to be placed on the living surface, so that the skin conductor will have to work at the wall.

For laying the wiring, it is not allowed to freeze conductors of the PVVP and ShVVP types.

PVC cable Wire ball screw

The installation of such wires is allowed for connecting household appliances, and not as stationary communications. The conductors of PVVP and SHVVP do not touch a non-flammable insulating ball. The service life of such devices is significantly lower, and due to the fact that the structure is heavy-duty, soldering will occur when the ends of the wires are installed. PUNP conductors are fenced before being laid in living areas. The stench is of low intensity and is characterized by a weak insulating agent.

Which cable should you choose to use in your apartment?

The food supply itself is a problem for our rich Spivgromadians, if they decide to replace the old one or install a new electrical line in their house or apartment. Nutrition is not taken seriously and does not have a clear answer.

Everything depends on the parameters of your electrical circuit and installation method. And if you want to get involved in your diet, then our instructions are for you.

In order to determine which cable to choose for wiring in the apartment, we first need to use low parameters. First of all, after selecting the wiring installation method, you should also determine the number of cores in the cable, the placement parameters that involve installation, the number of wires laid together, and other aspects.

Wiring installation method

There are currently two main types of wiring installation. Price for installation and installation.

The skin of them has many advantages and shortcomings, and it is only possible to give advantage to one of them after a detailed examination. In addition to your choice, the standards of PUE for electrical and fire safety play a significant role.

• The open wiring is easy to install, has good maintainability and is easy to install. At the same time, the design of the rooms is poor, it takes away a lot of space from us and requires additional boxes and pipes for mechanical protection.
• Although, on the other hand, it is clear from 2.1.2 and 2.1.3 PUE that it is possible to open wiring when installing behind structures that catch fire, for many parameters it is not so harsh. Therefore, for installation on wooden and other structures that can catch fire, choose the same type of installation.
• Routing the electrical cable in the apartment in a fixed way allows for the installation of all engineering lines and does not require additional protection during installation on non-combustible structures. At the same time, the laboriousness of the machine works significantly, the maintainability is not high, and connecting additional electrical devices can cause some difficulties.
• In addition, it is clear from the table. 2.1.2 and 2.1.3 PUE, selection of installed wiring for connection with a large number of difficulties and the need to install additional protection features. Ultimately, the price of such wiring will be significantly higher. At the same time, paragraph 12.22 VSN59-88 recommends stopping all visits to bathrooms, restrooms and other rooms with exposed water.
• As a result, you often have to choose open wiring for some rooms and closed wiring for others. This does not mean damage, but when choosing further - what cable is needed for the installation of the apartment, depending on the specifications of the installation.

To determine which cable will run the wiring in your apartment or cabin, you need to know the number of wires in the cable. Everything here is simple, and the PUE gives an unambiguous confirmation.

Otje:

• According to clause 6.1.20 of the PUE, a zero-voltage dry wire may be supplied to the sockets near the apartment from the group panel. Coming from this, for a single-phase circuit of 220V, we must install a three-core wire.
• If you are installing a three-phase circuit, then you will need the same cable. In this case, since it can lead to single-phase control, it is the mother’s fault that the conductor is dry. In this case, a five-core wire should be put in place.

Increase your respect! Pursuant to clause 1.3.10 of the PUE, zero and dry conductors for the triphasic circuit should not be used until the opening is completed. If you are choosing a wire that has only one null wire, then you select a cut, as you would for a three-core wire.

The influx of minds in those connected to the cable

An important factor for food compliance: which wire to choose for cooking in the apartment, and the washbasin in the area. Temperature, humidity and dustiness also play a role. And since the filling factor for apartments does not play a special role, then respect should be given to other properties.

Otje:

• Pursuant to clauses 1.1.6 and 1.1.7 PUE, vologim refers to a location in which the air moisture content exceeds 60%. This applies to bathrooms and toilets. Syrian mixtures are those whose water content exceeds 75%. I will definitely return to all bathrooms and bathing areas.
• If you have a cold room or utility room, where the temperature may be higher than 35? C, then wash it, choosing the required wire. For these purposes, the PUE has transferred Table 1.3.3, which contains correction coefficients for placement at different average temperatures.

Basic parameters for choosing electrical wiring

The main parameter that allows you to determine which wire to install for wiring in an apartment is the crossbar (div.). To determine this parameter PUE, see Table 1.3.4 for copper wires and 1.3.5 for aluminum wires.

However, in order to analyze these tables, we need to know the nominal current that flows through the conductors. For what purpose is it necessary to unravel it?

The size of the number of electrical receivers

Electrical appliances include all those that generate electrical energy in your apartment. The lighting circuit, sockets and electrical equipment are connected directly through an automatic switch at the switchboard.

To determine the nominal current of the electrical wiring, we first need to know what to live under it.

• Subject to clause 12.27 VSN 59 – 88, the apartment may have one 6A socket per 6m2 space. For corridors, this norm changes to 1 socket per 10 m2 area. In addition, for a kitchen with an area of ​​up to 8 m2 there are 3 6A sockets, and for a larger kitchen area there are 4 sockets. There is also 1 socket for 10 or 16A and one socket for 25A for connecting an electric stove (div.). If the electric stove is not connected to the tank, then the socket may not be installed.

• According to these standards, the number of sockets in the apartments of the old building is being repaired. As the hours change, the demand for electricity increases. Therefore, if you are planning to completely change your electrical circuit, please take a look at these parameters.
• We will not indicate the exact number of sockets for the skin room, it will depend on the design, the number of video, audio and other household equipment and, of course, your needs. Therefore, you need to make your plans independently, without going beyond the boundaries of a healthy mind.
• If you're worried about lightening up, then you'll have complete freedom of thought.
• And as for the great electrical devices, then there are interchange songs. According to paragraph 13.15 of VSN 59 – 88, the tension of the burning devices that are installed in apartments is not necessary to exceed 2 kW. If you have installed scorching devices of 1.5 to 2 kW, we will power them automatically from the distribution panel.

Design of nominal wiring

Now, in order to determine what kind of wire is required for carrying out work near the apartment, we need to identify the nominal wire of the skin-protected electrical device. And as lightening progresses, it becomes more and more clear that the total number of lamps that supply power to the skin can be reduced, and the power supply may go out at the sockets.

• It can be connected to the socket regardless of ownership. You planned the skin from them for song markings. This follows from the fact that before it, connections will be made with the greatest intensity of planning.
• The structure of the nominal struma is determined by the formula I=P/U×cosα. R – the pressure on the electrical device. If you cannot find it in your passport or on the case, you can quickly refer to the table below. U = 220V. Cosα is the coefficient of tension, which may be indicated in the passport of the electrical device. If you don’t know this, then kindly accept 1.

Increase your respect! This design will help us not only to determine the cable for electrical wiring in the apartment, but also to determine the nominal parameters of sockets and devices. Even the nominal currents of these switching devices are often forgotten when purchasing, in order to ensure that they come out quickly, or even worse.

Group sharing of electrical appliances

The initial consideration when choosing the number of groups that will power our apartment is clause 6.2.2 of the PUE, which does not allow the installation of automatic switches with a rating of over 25A. Coming out of this, we are confident that our group is divided into groups.

• The division into groups can be carried out behind different signs or, going beyond the nominal lines. To avoid confusion, consider combining the lighting into one or two groups, and power the sockets from your groups.

Increase your respect! Clause 6.2.3 PUE prohibits combining over 20 lamps and sockets into one group. In this case, multi-lamp chandeliers are important to some people.

• It is also common to create floors in groups in rooms. You can live in one or two rooms in front of the skin machine. Everything here lies under your assumptions and summary numbers.
• If you are planning to install the wiring with your own hands, then you must remember that the skin group can be powered by automatic circuit breakers at 16 or 25A. The smallest denominations were not completely victorious, but the great ones were fenced off.

Vibir cross-cut

At the remaining stage, we can print your selection directly. As we have already mentioned above, we should look at tables 1.3.3 and 1.3.4 PUE, which are shown in the photo below.

Otje:

• To choose which wire for installation in the apartment will be optimal, find the total values ​​of the nominal flows approximately equal to your values. In this case, the number of veins in the dart was destroyed. Choose the value closest to yours and see what kind of wire you get.
• If you decided to twist the copper wire, then its cross-section should be no more than 2.5 mm 2. For aluminum darts this value can be up to 4 mm2.
• We cannot forget about those that Table 7.1.1 PUE transmits and the minimum permissible value. So, for the life of large groups of copper wires, the amount should be no less than 1 mm 2 for aluminum, no less than 2.5 mm 2.
• One more parameter that we had not previously considered through those who did not know the number of groups. Now, knowing how many wires we have to lay in one pipe or box, we need to fix it. For which clause 1.3.10 PUE apply the correction coefficients. Therefore, if you have more than five wires running in a bundle, then the value of the wire in Tables 1.3.3 and 1.3.4 will be less than 0.68, if there are more than 7 wires, then by 0.63, if there are more than 10, then the value will be less by 0.6.

• And the axis for power supply: which wire is better for installation in an apartment, the answer is clear - medium. It is not so susceptible to corrosion; during temperature overheating, it does not lose its power as much and has a higher electrical conductivity.

Visnovok

Now you know all the aspects of choosing a house for an apartment or a cabin. This is why it is easy to unzip and select the wiring.

Well, its installation is not tricky, and the statistics on our website will help you navigate the complex power connections and routes.

The fact that current models of various household appliances are more energy efficient is an undeniable fact. And, no less, the wiring in most cases will either require updating, or it will be necessary to organize new connection points.

Firstly, through an increase in the amount of technology in the skin unit, otherwise, through the wear of old lines. So, in front of the owner there is a power supply, which cable needs to be completely repaired during the restoration of old or installation of new wiring in the apartment. Let's figure out this axis.

There are a number of different types of products, all of which have a jet conductor (one or a wire) in stock. Few people understand the difference between such words as cable, wire, cord. So, in essence, this is not especially necessary for the rulers. Please understand what criteria you need to select the product that is suitable for installation of internal wiring. Before speaking, the term “cable” is often used, as it is understood more casually. Why is the author and exit.

Labeling of cable products

Knowing how to decipher it, it is difficult to determine the main characteristics and meanings of a given expression. Cable marking – alphanumeric; reading information, naturally, to the right, behind positions.

Literi

1-a – external shell material

• B – PVC.
• R – guma. It's rare to get enough sleep in the apartments.
• P – polyethylene.
• K – assignment to the control cable. To spend time at the apartment, it is practically not necessary to use any kind of information.

2-a - type of insulation of jet conductors (both material and materials in another position - the same).

3rd – the peculiarity of the cable design

• Z - The presence of a memory between adjacent conductors. Before speaking, such cables are difficult to cut!
• Please note that the external insulation of the Viconan cable is similar to the PVC hose. This, as a rule, is a cord.
• E – shielded eyes.
• D – the products are characterized by a special stickiness.
• Coolant - single-core cable (wire).
• P – flat, seemingly in popular slang, “lokshina”.
• NG – resistance of insulation to melting.
• B – armored cables. For apartment living, don't hesitate. The symbol BB means that the zakhist lived under the mechanical damage of the steel stitch.

Numbers

The stench is marked as a marking and shows the class of fiddling of the product.

Criteria for choosing cables for installation in an apartment

For the material of the guides

Aluminum

The advantages of aluminum wires include the low price, perhaps, that's all.

There are significantly more minuses:

• Lack of mechanical power. They lived in such places (they were isolated) and easily broke down. This significantly complicates the installation of wiring in the apartment.
• Low electrical conductivity. For one and the same lance, you will have to use a rusty aluminum wire with a larger cross-section and a lower copper one.
• Shvidke metal oxidation. However, the conductors can only be connected (connected) with the help of contact blocks.

Mid

• Mystery.
• Sufficient elasticity is alive. It is difficult to lay such a cable in any configuration.
• Possibility of connecting the conductors of the computer in different ways.
• High electrical conductivity.

To the disadvantages of copper cores, it is theoretically possible to add the fact that cables (cords) with copper cores are more expensive to install than their lower counterparts with aluminum ones. But in the long term, with the durability of such wiring in the apartment, the costs spent on products will be fully recouped.

Get rid of your salary

If you want to understand the songs (for example, the number of diagonals on the route), you will not lose sight of any changes or changes in the direction of the line. From this point, I would like to evaluate the worth of purchasing this or that cable. Armored virobies definitely fall. Its main purpose is the position of the Budovs. It is also unlikely that you will get a screened product. Hib for signal lines. The price of the product is higher, but the value of the money is not so flexible.

Behind the sill

The main criterion is the transfer of emphasis to the line (report). When using this parameter, do not forget about the sufficient reserve of tension (approximately +⅓ of the scaled value). This is the greatest joy. Ale, the author respects the need to give another one. You need to give perspective. Even the booths are gradually being updated with new developments in everyday technology.

What’s simpler - just install a cable with larger cross-section conductors in the apartment (so, buy a more expensive product), and then start reworking the wiring? Tse already tell you, shanovny reader.

For the specifics of operation of the wiring (crossbar in mm?)

• Visvitlennya – 1.5.
• Sockets – minimum 2.5.

To connect the heavy connections of household appliances (drying racks, etc.), individual lines are laid.

After dinner

And here is the necessary supply of singing. The cable (rod) may have to be cut, frayed, or connected. Is there a guarantee that you will be able to complete everything right the first time? The whole line is much shorter, and the bottom consists of adjacent sprouts. And the length of cable that you lose after installing the wiring can be repaired in the future - in the apartment itself, in the country house, in the garage.

According to the virobnik

Here it is short - you need to buy a cable for wiring without the same distributor, which has a great reputation. The products of small-scale companies are not subject to disruption, because they are often found to be associated with literally all materials and technologies. Well, the reliability of the cables in accordance with GOST has been going on for years.

Advice – buy cable products from specialized retail outlets. If you think about the safety of your home and family members, then at various flea markets, it is hardly reasonable to buy materials for spending outside your apartment.

For indoor installations (lighting lines, connecting sockets), it is imperative to use these brands of cable products. There are not the same options, even the most advanced ones.

VVG

To carry out the registration using the preferred method, use a separate selection. The external and internal insulation is vinyl, the rigidity is sufficient (marvelous decoding of the labeling is greater).

Since the first letter was “A”, they lived for aluminum (AVVG). Such products cost less, so sellers often position them as absolutely identical to copper cables and recommend them to buyers who focus on the lower price. It has already been said about the variety of materials that are alive, and this requires faith.

NYM

Imported analogue of VVG. The main difference is in the price - the cable made in Germany is more expensive. It can be added that it is flexible, but for internal apartment wiring there is little importance for this parameter.

SHVVP

“Lokshina” is not vikorized very often. Basically, when the socket is reinstalled in a different place.

PVS

The guides are rich in life. It is mainly used for adding household and lighting fixtures to a line of stationary installations, connecting sockets, and self-manufacturing of portable devices.

To simplify the process of separation, I completely bought cables (cords), which have different insulation (behind the color). In this case, there is no need for a “dial-up” line.

Learn the rules for connecting cables. They decided to turn off the plutani in the marking of the veins and forgive the sound of malfunction.

• “Zero” is always a blue (behind the old GOST blue) conductor.
• The “earth”, as it is near the apartment, lived with yellow-green insulation.

Before laying the cable, ring the trace to check for integrity. Rarely, it is lost that the veins may be cut off. This may be due to low reasons - broken technology for winding the product onto a reel (at the production plant), rules for its transportation and conservation. If there is any problem, it is much easier to immediately reconnect the cable and then, after completing the installation work, find the defect in the line. Tim more, since the wiring was done in secret.

If the cutting was carried out for a copper cable, and due to the fact that there is vibration behind the aluminum conductors, the value of their cross-cutting needs to be increased again.

Before the “squares” of the conductors of the traces, one more nuance should be noted. If the wiring is carried out secretly, under the plaster (lining), then the temperature of the conductors may increase. That's why their crosshairs are also getting bigger.

We all rang so loudly before the electricity that we can only guess about it until it disappears. And the fact that electricity can bring not only comfort, but also some insecurity, as it is also unique to constant respect. Over the past year, only 15% of the fire has been lost in Russia due to electrical faults. Just think about it - 147 times the fire was caused by faulty electrical wiring or a kettle that burned out. Chi not in a day!

Therefore, when choosing a cable for home electrical wiring, you need to follow three rules: first - safety, second - safety, and third - safety again. Only this approach gives hope to those that one nightmarish day of short circuit breakage will not turn the family’s nest into a bunch of people.

Cable types

The frames are immediately installed - pink with cables, rated for a voltage of 220/380 Volts for everyday use. We do not discuss self-regulating cables for heating, television or computer cables - only those that supply power to households or apartments. Stinks can be buti:

• Copper and aluminum. The support of the medium is smaller, lower than that of aluminum. This means that with the number of times the copper cable is cut, more current will pass through and, obviously, more tension. The copper cable is durable. Copper is more expensive than aluminum and copper cable, of course.
• Single-core or multi-core. The single-core cable is rigid and is used in situations where it is not necessary to change its shape frequently – for example, for fixed wiring. The high-core cable is soft, it has a lot of vitrified strands. Cables of this type are used for open wiring - all connection cords to electrical connections of household appliances and electronic equipment, all kinds of cables and transfers. It is important to know that current electrical safety regulations apply so that you can install the tightest cable without at least deteriorating electrical insulation. Then the skin wires are insulated, and then placed in another insulating coating.

Whether copper or aluminum cables are used for electrical wiring is determined individually. The most important rule is that the materials must be connected one by one through the terminal block. If you put together a galvanic couple, if you twist it, it will inevitably oxidize. There are only two options for the future - either the contact will be ruined, or it will start heating up, creating a mind for occupation. The best thing to do is take it as a rule - start working on the wiring from the middle, from the middle and you need to work until the end. They also suffer from aluminum.

Avoidance of necessary cable cutting

To begin with, it is necessary to relieve the tightness of electrical components on the skin area. There are a lot of parameters to allow for the cable that enters the booth. It’s not obv’yazkovo, so that the wiring through the booth was carried out with a cable of the same great cross-cut. It is much more rational to connect it to the terminal block, and then connect it through automatic devices to distribute the required cut along the cable provided. Select the area of ​​the cable cut according to the table, rounding up the tension values ​​​​at the end and adding 20 hundred to the reserve.

Looking at the table, it’s easy to see that a copper cable with a cross-section of 2 mm 2 has a diameter of approximately 0.7 mm, draws 19 Amperes, which indicates 4.3 kW of power at a voltage of 220 Volts, and aluminum - only 1 4 Amperes, then 3.1 kW. Having set the necessary tension, it is easy to determine the required overcut.

Cables for hallway installation in the middle of the premises

The names of cable brands are made up of two parts - abbreviations from the initial letters of materials, types of production, and numbers. The first number is the number of veins near the cable, the other is the area of ​​the cut of the skin vein. For example, AVVG 4x2.5 is a cable with several aluminum conductors, 2.5 mm2 crossbar, vinyl insulation and vinyl coating, which does not contain armor. Electricians call such cables “naked.” The letter “A” in the first place means that the cable was made of aluminum. As it is, there is no copper cable.

For the installation of electrical wiring in most dry areas - bathrooms, bedrooms, kitchens - cables of the following brands are used:

• VVG cable is a round or flat cable for laying in areas with normal moisture. The conductors are copper, single-core. Vikonannya VVGng is a non-flammable and non-flammable stove when installed in bundles. Vikonannya VVGng-LS - non-flammable, with low flame resistance. These types of cables are the safest. The number of cores in the cable is 1 to 4.
• AVVG cable is a round or flat cable for laying in areas with normal moisture. Single-core aluminum conductors. Gorinnya is not smart. The number of cores in the cable is 1 to 4.
• NYM cable is a round cable with single-core copper conductors. Incombustible. Analogous to the VVGNG wicker cable.
• PVS cable is a round cable with high-density copper conductors.
• ShVVP cable is a flat cable made of high-tension copper conductors. The maximum overcut for the SHVVP cable is 0.75 mm2. Used for connecting electronics and consumer electronics.

The choice of any of these cables is determined mainly by their special similarities. Some experts recommend laying all internal wiring with a single-core cable, others with a multi-core cable. It is important to ensure that the cable is cut to ensure that there is tension in the area.

If the wiring is open, a different color can be added to the selected cable. So, VVG is always black, NYM is gray, PVS is orange or white. The ball screw cable is most often white, but other colors may be available.

At the wooden booths, it is time to lay out the open air. In this case, it is necessary to use non-flammable cables NYM, VVGng or VVGng-LS, without being sensitive to color. In addition, the cable can first be laid in a plastic cable channel, and then printed in the color that is required. Moreover, cable channels are produced with the texture and color of natural wood, pine and oak.

Cables for electrical wiring, position of placement

The supply of electricity to the underground box is carried out only with cables specially designed for this purpose. Most often, AVBBShV is used with aluminum conductors or VBBShV is used with copper conductors. The main feature is the presence of armor with a steel strip wound on top of another ball of insulation. The armor is also protected by humic coatings. This design of the cable prevents the movement of ground water and protects it from sudden mechanical damage caused by movement of the ground or careless earthworks.

The VVG and AVVG cables are perfectly suitable for laying along the wall or wall. The insulation of these brands of conductors and cables are not afraid of extreme ultraviolet radiation, heat and frost.

Electrical wiring for the spa and sauna

In these areas, moisture has always been increased. To avoid short circuits, it is not recommended to install sockets in the parilt and mil. A special cable will be required for wiring in the steam room. You must keep the temperature at least 180 degrees. For this purpose, you can use resistant heat-resistant cable PVKV or RKGM with silicone insulation. The conduction is based on grounding. Lamps and stoves (as they are electric) are to blame for IP54. Grounding of all electrical appliances in these areas is essential.

What should you pay attention to when purchasing a cable?

On the inside of the cable there is a label indicating the specific brand, manufacturing plant, GOST or TU for which the cable was manufactured. In addition, the mark of the cable and the cut of the conductors is placed on the very surface of the cable throughout its entirety. Since there is no such data, it is not possible to purchase this cable at any time. There are such brands of cable, for example, PUNP, PUNGP, PBPP, PUVP, which are completely protected for vikoristaniya through its high fire safety. It seems difficult for non-fakhivtsevs to tease them out according to the recommendations. So, stinks are cheaper to cost. Otherwise, the insurance company will not pay compensation if a piece of such cable is found at the site.

Moreover, other manufacturers reduce the price of their products by reducing the cut of conductors and the amount of insulation. As a result, the cable of the brand recommended here may turn out to be extremely unsafe. The most common sins are Chinese factories. They called for replacing copper conductors with aluminum ones, rather than interconnecting them. The stench looks just like copper, only the electric current is carried out like aluminum... Similar products are most often traded in numerous daily markets. Vikoristovat this product very carefully. And please do not install the wiring in the original socket with this cable.

Buying the necessary electrical wire for internal wiring is difficult. The assertion that the correct selection of electrical wires is limited to professionals is incorrect. You can select the correct electrical wiring parameters. Why do you need to know what needs to be connected to the lancet section, the electrical voltage of the device or device. All subsequent activities are based on pre-school materials and elementary knowledge of physics, learned at school.

This article will not be useful for professional electricians and people who know a little about electricity, but it will be useful for people who rarely work with electrical robots.

Electrical wiring and parameters

Electrical wiring has many different parameters, the values ​​of which are meaningful and useful only to professionals. In fact, only a few of them are victorious.

I'll cross the square.

All electrical lines in the apartment, after being removed from the distribution box, shield, were divided into separate groups. There are a lot of electrical attachments that “hang” on such skin. The total stress of all the companions connected to the group will be the initial factor. It's simple. The greater the demand, the more likely it is that the conductor will be cut late.

It is important to remember that the late webbing and diameter (D, mm), of course, are different. The retin for this type is the area (S, mm. sq.) of the stake and is covered by the formula.

Having taken into account the tension (P, W) of all living lancets, dividing them by the voltage (U, V), at an apartment of 220, we find the force of the stream (I, A).

At the end of the table, we select the appropriate values ​​and determine the required diameter. The value of the strength of the struma, swived for everything, is not consistent with the table. In this case, we take the closest standard size, highest rating.

Table for selecting the diameter of a copper drill at a voltage of 220 volts

Practical values ​​of parameters of electrical wires

It is unusual to pay a lot of attention to the correct selection of electrical wire cuts. On the right is that the cable does not have to heat up above fifty degrees. When the temperature increases, the conductor and insulation begin to collapse intensively. The melting point of copper is 1084.62 degrees and that’s why we need to start insulating the insulation first. To produce the most negative results, especially in wooden booths, low temperatures are sufficient. Why is it so important to ensure the correct flow of the flow along the conductor until the cut is flat?

Virologists, and after them sellers, often depend on the cross-links of electrical conductors. Be respectful! Before purchasing, do not worry and measure the diameter of the conductor. Find out the necessary calculations and find out the correct area.

• Conductor material.

Contamination of aluminum particles of the following grades: APV, APVV, APPR, APRN etc., for internal wiring, do not use vicor. The small savings from purchasing aluminum wires compared to copper wires does not compensate for the potential problems that inevitably arise during its operation.

• A number of jet-conducting darts near the vein.

To plating the stationary boundary, a monolithic core is vikoristed. To connect mobile electrical appliances, use wires with rich wire cores.

• He lived for a long time.

In most outlets, the three-core cable will become stuck when connecting the lighting fixtures. Phase, neutral, grounded.

• Material of isolation and power.

The conductor of the great one is walled up. If you want to use it, for example, when the hanging frames have been polished, then the VVGng-LS brand, which is suitable for the cut and the number of veins, is a good choice. Isolation is not supported by the mountain (ng), and in times of emergency situations there is little confusion (LS). For internal installations, it is better to use plastic insulation, it is more durable.

• Form.

When installing an electrical cable, its shape is of great importance. The letter “P” is on the designation, otzhe, flat.

Table of the most widely used brands of electrical wires

As you can see, the diversity of electrical wires for a built stationary internal apartment boundary is not great, VVNG-P, NYM, perhaps PUNP, and so on.

Any information about the internal electrical circuits of the apartment can be shown in the picture.

How much does an electrical wire cost?

The moisture content of the electrical wires should be kept close to the cut of the power-conducting parts, including some of the material. Stock axle: VVGng 2×1.5 – 12.69 rubles; the same brand 2x6 – 47.28. NYM 3×1.5 – 30.11; NYM 3x6 – 102.43; NYM 4×1.5 - 38.29 rub.

Separate electrical groups near the apartment

The division of attention into groups is necessary for the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment that is connected, and the prompt detection of possible malfunctions. The creation of groups is based on singing ambushes.

• A series of closed lines for heavy-duty electrical appliances (electric stove, water heater). There is nothing to comment on here.
• Creation of energy supply for appliances that require uninterrupted power supply (refrigerator, computer). Of course, the energy efficiency is great and stagnant compared to other lines.
• Rozpodil behind the principle of however, the news of electricians. The similarity between the tension and the type of lightening.
• The principle of creating groups of foundations on belonging to a single place of expansion. The method is simple, the kitchen is hydrated, the bathroom is hydrated, and so on.

It is neither possible nor necessary to create a scheme based on any one principle. It is necessary to take everything into account and come out of the world completely. The number of visible lines may be different, but it does not exceed 5-10 for a two-room apartment.

Select an electric dart, just start building an internal electric stake in the front part, let's talk about automatic devices.