Wonder what “Burinnya” is like in other dictionaries. Core information Problems during naphtha drilling

Earth is a planet of water. If you want independence, you need water. If you need water, you cannot do without a drill on your farm.

• How do Sverdlovians grow?

The drilling of a filter drill is carried out to the nearest aquifer, which lies in the soil, and the depth should be 20-30 m, the drill is formed from a casing of pipes with a diameter of 127-1 33 mm and braided mesh filter. The flow rate should be increased to 1 m 3 /year. The Burinya of Sverdlovsk will have to work hard for one or two working days.

However, these rocks show a tendency before they are formed, and the terms of their exploitation depend on the tightness of the aquifer, and on the intensity of their exploitation: the more often they deal with with a verdlovina, they will serve longer (in practice, up to 15 rocks, more often - 5-8 rocks).

Deep (“artesian”) boreholes (in the vapnyak) reach the aquifer, which lies between the Moscow and the region near the vapnyak at depths of 20-200 m, and are not degraded by their depth and productivity (up to 100 m 3 /year), and and the foldability of the storm. Such drillings are drilled for larger diameters and greater depths, below the drillings on the sand. There are a lot of casing columns near the borehole, and the structure, because The price per linear meter of drilling drilling depends on the diameter of the casing pipes and, therefore, their quality. increases to 5 or more days depending on the rock and depth. The price of drilling a borehole on a water-bearing rock, according to the term of service, is significantly higher - 50 or more rocks, since the filter in such drill-holes is the aquifer itself (water-bearing rock) and the mulling is not used.

• What is the depth of the artesian rock?

Zrazkovi zalaganya
aquifers

• What is the diameter of the drill bit?

• What are the pipes near the Sverdlovina?

• What kind of plastic do you need?

However, for possible replacements, plastic pipes are installed in the middle of the casing column (to prevent corrosion, the stink should not be removed, but to add comfort to the pump operation, all sorts of iron particles from the walls of the steel column from expensive mechanical Izmu), the price of a meter of drilling of such a drill is 400-700 UAH. more expensive. Sometimes, in folding geological systems, a plastic column in the middle of a steel one can be bark, then. plastic is not vikorystvuyutsya zamіst steel pipes, and at once with them.

Instead of steel, plastic is used instead of steel on different drill bits, but it is necessary to be careful: a steel column is worth more than a plastic one and is better able to withstand the soil.

• Ale “black pipe” is salivary, but the water has a lot of salivation...

Fluorine or fluoride, present in the chemical storage of water from the artesian well, is indicated for additional chemical analysis and is removed with the help of special filters - non-toxic substances (by oxidizing and transferring it to siege). Filters are a necessary attribute of autonomous water supply.

• How beautiful is Sverdlovin?

In this case, there is no need to forget about the inviolable water content of aquifers and perched waters. And as soon as we take into account the ecology and the proximity of aquifers to the surface of the earth with their runoff, cesspool pits and microorganisms, then everything will become reasonable. However, whatever the situation may be, we need: for watering - drill, for a healthy life in the cottage - artesian.

• What is included in the Vartist Burinnya?

• The company's activities include chemical. analysis of the drilling meter of Sverdlovin.

• At what position in the booth can you make a drill bit?

• What is "oblashtuvannya"?

• Why is the drilling of art-verdlovina more valuable?

• Why is it cheaper for companies to drill...

• Do you need a license for the right to trade with nadras?

• Why won't you drive?

• Which pumps are better?

• How can you clean a drill bit that has become dirty?

• How can you vlashtuvati sverdlovina at the budinka?

• Replacement

If it hasn’t already happened in this moment, don’t fall into it - it is possible, and then, in any event, you can give completeness to your life, and give you a sense of independence.

• Post Scriptum

Viktor Svirin

When quoting the article, kindly, do not forget the date sent to the dzherel. Dyakuyu.

Burinnya External diagram of the drilling rig: 1 - drill bit; 2 - UBT; 3 - drill pipes; 4 - conductor; 5 - girt mine; 6 - Anti-kid devices; 7 - drilling rig cover; 8 - drilling rotor; 9 - wired drill pipe; 10 - drilling riser; 11 - swivel; 12 - how; 13 - Tally block; 14 - Balcony of the horseman; 15 - Crown block; 16 - Tale rope; 17 - wire drill pipe hose; 18 - bit pressure indicator; 19 - drilling drawworks; 20 - mud pump; 21 - Vibrating sieve for drilling; 22 - Vikidna drilling line.

Burinnya- the process of mining rocks using additional special equipment - drilling equipment. There are three types of drilling:

• Vertical drilling
• Pohilo-straightened storm

Burinnya Sverdlovin- this is the process of sporadization of a straight cylindrical pit in the ground, the diameter “D” of which is small in alignment with its dovzhin on the stovbur “H”, without human access to the slaughter. The ear of the bore on the surface of the ground is called a throat, the bottom is called a vibom, and the walls of the bore are formed by a stovbor.

Life cycle of Sverdlovins

Sharoshkov drill bit

1. life of terrestrial spores;
2. graveyard of Stovbura Sverdlovina, the development of which is only possible when two parallel flowing types of work are eliminated - dry absorption and washing of the core;
3. Rosing of layers What consists of the last two types of work: cementing (fastening) the drill bit with pipes that are lowered, connected to the column, and plugging (cementing) the casing space;
4. development of Sverdlovin. Often, the development of drills in conjunction with various other types of operations (formation opening and strengthening of the vibration zone, perforation, squeal and intensification of the tide (outflow) of fluid) is called drill injection.

1. Preparing work from everyday life. Obtain documents for the establishment of a forest plot for cutting down the forest, and comply with the forest authority; find a plot of land following the coordinates of the house; forest cutting; planning the Maidan; everyday life of the residential settlement; preparation of the basis for the drilling rig; preparation and planning of the Maidan; condition of foundations under storage tanks in the PMM warehouse; adding enclosures to the PMM warehouse; imported possession and transported.

2. Wire assembly robots. Equipment installation; installation of lines; installation of supporting bases, bases and blocks; installation and installation of towers; starting-up and processing robots.

3. Preparing robots for drilling. After the installation of the drilling rig is completed and the formation of spores occurs, the drilling rig is accepted by a special commission. The drilling foreman, together with the committee, checks the viscosity of the robot and tests control; The funeral service is being verified. Electrical lighting may occur in vibration-free lamps; behind the drilling rig there is emergency lighting 12 v; All the shortcomings and respect of the commission may be snuffed out before the storm. Before the start of operation, the drilling rig is equipped with drilling tools, bits, casing pipes for the conductor and drill pipes, small mechanization devices, control and testing equipment, a square hole, a supply of water, chemical reagents, etc. d. cultural booth, long-distance, lazna-drying, premises for analysis of accidents, other equipment in their places, a set of hand and related tools, a set of posters from safety equipment, first aid kits, a supply of PMM from containers clearly marked with the type of fire, storage for drilling tools, storage for chemical reagents, a container for collecting waste water, and water. After acceptance of the installation, the installers carry out re-equipment of the hoisting system, installation and testing of small mechanization objects (UMK, anti-drawing equipment, etc.). Burying is carried out by installing a goldfinch straight, installed in the center from the entire tower. The tower is centered, then drilled directly - lower the pipe and cement it, the top is directly connected to the trench. After the direction is completed, the centering of the main rotor is checked once again. Drill the center of the Sverdlova under a hole for a square and line it with a pipe. Drilling the pit is carried out with a turbodrill, using it as a jet and wrapping it with a spun rope in three layers of wrappings. One end is tied to the leg of the wedge, the other is pulled in the hands through the block or leg of the wedge. After completion of the preparatory work, no later than 2 days before the start-up of the drilling rig, a start-up conference is held with the participation of the expedition administration (head engineer, head technologist, head of the trade union committee, head geologist and head of the technical department), and a report get acquainted with the structure of the borehole, geological section, rock properties, mineralization folded, storm mode. The standard map is reviewed, and arrangements for trouble-free and trouble-free wiring are discussed. The drilling rig can be issued for the availability of relevant documents: geological and technical documentation (GTS), the act of putting the drilling rig into operation, a regulatory card, a duty logbook, a logbook from drilling inspections, a logbook from security services, a logbook from the work of diesel engines. c. At the drilling site: cement equipment, short-term equipment, fire protection materials, helicopter platform, feed and process water, chemical reagents and materials for drilling and cement repairs, emergency tools, drilling and casing pipes.

4. Drilling of the Sverdlova (boring and fastening). During the drilling process, the rock is vibrated, as a result of which a drill bit is created, which must be secured to pipes and cementation.

5. Testing the drill bits for the influx of naphtha and gas. Perforation of the column walls is carried out to gain access to the productive horizon by preventing the influx of oil and gas.

6. Dismantling of drilling equipment and privileged spores.

7. Recultivation of the drained area. A seal is installed on the drill with a sign about the terms of drilling and the name of the enterprise that finishes the work. All the fires are ignited, the waste is burned, and scrap metal is collected for disposal. The drilling platform is brought up to the standards of environmental services.

Classification of sverdlovins for reasons

Sverdlovsk naphtha and gas can be systematized in the following order:

• structural-sounding, recognition of which - establishment (clarification of tectonics, stratigraphy, lithology, assessment of productivity of horizons) without additional data on the history of the boreholes;
• intelligence, services for identifying productive objects, and lines for delineating already broken naphtha and gas-bearing formations;
• type of footwear (operational), designated for the production of oil and gas from the earth's surface. This category also includes injection, evaluation, visual and parametric drills;
• nagnital Designed for pumping water, gas or steam into the reservoir using the method of supporting the reservoir vise or processing the vibration zone. This goes directly to the modern period of the method of the fountain of the oil bottle or to increase the efficiency of the video bottle;
• advanced types of shoes, which serves for the production of naphtha and gas with immediate clarification of the productive formation;
• evaluation, the recognition of which is the determination of cob naphtha-water saturation and excess naphtha-saturation of the formation (and carrying out other investigations);
• control and visual Designed for monitoring the development object, monitoring the nature of formation fluids percolation and changes in gas and petroleum saturation of the formation;
• supports Sverdlovs are drilled to study the geological reality of the great regions, in order to establish the underlying patterns of occurrence of hydrocarbon rocks and identify the possibility of creating oil and gas deposits in these rocks.

Burinnya methods

Drill string

Drill string is an assembly of drill pipes fastened together by drill joints lowered into the borehole, designed to supply hydraulic and mechanical energy to the bit, to create axial thrust on the bit, as well as to control the drill The future of the Sverdlova to be drilled.

Being both a bit and a downhole motor of a drilling tool, the drill string has the following functions:

• transfers the wrap from the rotor to the bit;
• absorbs reactive torques from vibrating motors;
• supplies a cleaning agent to slaughter;
• apply hydraulic pressure to the bit and the driven hydraulic motor;
• presses the bit into the Girsky rocks on a vibrator, acting with its own gravity (the axial thrust on the bit creates a part of the heavy-duty drill pipes (BCD), included to the warehouse of the bottom drill string assembly (BHA), a part of the heavy-duty drill pipes (BCL) serves for the drill draft and itself for tensioning drill pipes, such as schema) to ensure perpendicularity of the entire drill string to the surface of the earth). (the rule is up to 75% in the BHA for the creation of axial tension on the bit and 25% for the tension of the drill string in the territory of some regions of the SND, many replacement workers and drilling contractors do not need this rule setting the priority for penetration);
• will ensure the replacement of the bit and the sealing motor by additionally transporting them to the bottom or to the bottom surface;
• allows you to carry out emergency and other special work near the Sverdlov region.

Notes

Literature

• Basarigin Yu. M., Bulatov A. I., Proselkov Yu. M. Drilling naphtha and gas drillings. - Head Handbook for universities. – M.: TOV “Nadra-Business Center”, 2002. – 632 p. - ISBN 5-8365-0128-9
• Burove ownership. - Technical catalogue. – M.: “German Druku Factory”, 2008. – 265 p.
• Daniel Yergin Vidobutok: World history of the fight for nafta, money and power = The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. – M.: “Alpina Publisher”, 2011. – 944 p. - ISBN 978-5-9614-1252-9
• Petroleum Engineering-Drilling and Well Completions, C. Gatlin (ed.), Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ (1960).
• Lessons in Rotary Drilling, U. of Texas, Unit II, Lesson 3.
• A Primer of Oil Well Drilling, thirty and several editions, U. of Texas.
• Rotary Drilling Handbook, Sixth edition, J.e. Brantly (ed.) Palmer Pub., New York City.

Div. also

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Burinnya- the technical process of mining rocks using additional special equipment - drilling equipment. (usually thermal, hydroerosive, vibration and other methods) with selected ruination products. Drilling is a process of drilling a straight cylindrical drill, the diameter of which is very small when aligned with it along the barrel, without the possibility of human access to the slaughter. The ear of the bore on the surface of the ground is called a throat, the bottom is called a vibom, and the walls of the bore are formed by a stovbor.

There are three types of drilling:

• Vertical drilling
• Pohilo-straightened storm
• Horizontal storm

During drilling, the drilling is carried out over the entire area using a drilling hole (coreless drilling), and only beyond the annular space for core drilling (core drilling). The diameters of the holes that are drilled add up to tens of millimeters (holes), hundreds of millimeters (drills), thousands of millimeters (mine shafts). The depth of the drilling is determined by the area of ​​its stagnation and is a few meters (mostly holes), tens of meters (drills for placing vibukhov holes, consolidating rocky rocks, cementing, freezing, etc.), hundreds and thousands of meters (sverdlovins - water, naphtha and gas , Operational and in.). The process of drilling deep drills also includes securing the walls of the drill with casing pipes and pumping cement into the annular gap between the pipes and the walls.

Drilling of deep holes is carried out using drilling rigs, vibrator - drilling benches, mine shafts - shaft-boring units, holes - drilling hammers, drills, etc. The technical equipment of the drilling plant also includes a drilling pump or compressor for supplying drilling fluid and gas, drilling pipe system, rock cutting tools, equipment for the preparation of flushing fluid, and purification from sludge and degassing, against Ikidovo possesses and control and vibration equipment. The drill is vibrated mainly in a mechanical way: the drilling tool immediately pours onto the rocks, crushed by the drill bit and the drill bit; when drilling vibukhov drills in quartz-containing rocks, the thermal drilling will stagnate (with a half-string). Mechanical methods of drilling using the method of injecting a tool into the bottom hole are divided into oblique drilling, percussion drilling, percussion-rotary and oblique-percussion drilling.

According to the type of stacked rock-mining tool, there are auger drills, roller drills, diamond drills, shotguns, etc., according to the type of drilling machine - hammer drill, pneumatic percussion drill, hydraulic percussion drill, rotary drill. nnya, turbine drilling and other things, well drilling, vertical, poorly straightened , richly vibine and in. The drilling industry develops and specializes in three main areas of hydronic research: the production of rare and gas-like bark copalins, the search and exploration of bark copalins, the production of hard brown copalins using the vibuch method. Such a historically formed section is also intellectually, but methodologically, manually for a short summary of the rich-plan concept, like “storm”.

In Russia, the storm of the first Sverdlovians lasted until the 9th century. and with a variety of uses of kitchen salt in Old Russia. Then the salt industry developed in Balakhna (12th century) and Solikamsk (16th century). The emergence of new methods and drilling techniques will continue until the 19th century. due to the growing need to supply large areas with drinking water. In 1831, the “Artesian Fountains Partnership” was established in Odessa and 4 holes were drilled with a depth of 36-189 m.
In the middle of the 19th century. More hand-drilled drills have begun to be used with portable mechanical workbenches. In Russia and G.D. In 1859, Romanovsky was the first to mechanize robots, building a steam engine for the drilling of Sverdlovsk near Podilsk. I am drilling the Sverdlova for naphtha, drilled with a hammer drill, founded by Drake in 1859 (USA, Pennsylvania). The Sea Sverdlova was first drilled in 1897 off the Pacific Ocean near Somerland Island (shelf of the Californian Peninsula, USA), and later the drilling at sea began to widen. On the Caspian shelf, the storm was issued in 1924. bilya Baku.

The development of an exploration drill on the hard copalin is associated with the extraction of a diamond drill by the Swiss J. Leschaux (1862). RUR 1899 The American engineer Davis created a shot drill. In the USSR, the shotgun burinnya was zastosovano in 1927-28. Radyanskimi vchenimi V.M. Kreiter and B.I. Vozdvizhensky for core drilling, which made it possible to replace diamond drilling in volcanic outbursts and metamorphic rocks with this method. In 1928-29 in the USSR, the construction of drilling benches began with the supply of material for core drilling at depths of up to 300-500 m; and benches for depths of 300-2000 m, self-propelled. Since 1960, work began with the development of hydraulic impact drilling, which ensured a significant increase in the productivity of carbide core drilling. The diamond drilling is being radically completed, and the search for ancestors with brown copalins will increase. When exploring steeply dipping ore bodies, if a number of drill holes are passed to cross them at different horizons, a direct rich drilling drill is used, which is carried out using additional devices that are drilled and installed in the drill hole on the river. in these depths. Exploration drilling on hard bark digging is carried out mainly using the rotary method, which accounts for approximately 80% of the footage of drilled holes; In the surrounding volumes, percussion-revolving, hydraulic-impact, auger, vibratory drilling, etc. will be used.

Drilling refers to the infusion of special equipment into ground excavations, as a result of which a hole is created near the ground, which produces valuable resources. p align="justify"> The process of drilling naphtha drills takes place in different directions, as they lie beneath the expansion of the soil or geological formation: it can be horizontal, vertical or buried.

As a result, a cylindrical shape is created near the ground that looks like a straight drill bit or a drill bit. This diameter may vary depending on the value, but it will always be smaller for the additional value. The ear of the drill is grown on the surface of the soil. The walls are called the trunk, and the bottom of the drill is called the bottom.

Key stages

Just as for water drillings the medium and ease of use can be used, special equipment for drilling naphtha drillings can be very important. The drilling process can only be carried out with the help of special equipment.

The process itself is divided into the following stages:

• The delivery of equipment to the plot where work is carried out.
• Vlasna drilling mine. The process includes the grinding process, one of which is the sinking of the steel drill, which is achieved through regular washing and further dressing of the Georgian rock.
• By drilling the drill bits and sanding them, the rock layers begin to harden. With this method, a special column of interconnected pipes is laid in space. The space between the pipe and the rock is sealed with cement mortar: this work is called tamponing.
• The remaining work is mastery. At this point, the remaining layer of rock is opened up, a vibration zone is formed, and the shaft is perforated and drained from the middle.

Preparation of the Maidan

To organize the naphtha drilling process, a preparatory stage is required. When mining is carried out in a forested area, it is necessary, in addition to completing the basic documentation, to obtain permission to work from the forestry department. Preparation of the plot includes the following steps:

1. Virus of trees in the village.
2. Rozbittya zones around parts of the earth.
3. The plan is working.
4. The creation of the village to house the work force in.
5. Preparation of the basis for the drilling station.
6. Carrying out the layout of the house robot.
7. Creation of foundations for the installation of tanks in a warehouse made from burnt materials.
8. Warehouses have been cleaned up, equipment has been imported and improved.

After this, it is necessary to start preparing equipment for drilling naphtha holes. This stage includes the following processes:

• Installation and verification of equipment.
• Conducting lines for energy supply.
• Installation of bases and additional elements for the shelf.
• Installing the tower and lifting it to the required height.
• Improvement of all possessions.

If the equipment for drilling naphtha drillings is ready before operation, it is necessary to issue a special commission so that the equipment is in good condition and ready for operation, and the personnel have sufficient knowledge of the rules without Beware of this kind of production. During the inspection, it is clarified that the lighting fixtures are of the correct design (the culprit is a rip-resistant casing), and that the lighting shaft is installed along the depth of the lighting shaft with a voltage of 12V. Respect for the beauty of work and safety must be taken in advance.

Before the start of drilling, it is necessary to install a pit, bring in pipes for marking the drill, a chisel, small special equipment for auxiliary robots, casing pipes, equipment for alignment during drilling, ensure water supply and Find other foods.

The drilling platform contains facilities for workers' accommodation, technical premises, laboratory facilities for analyzing soil samples and results, warehouses for equipment and small working tools, as well as facilities for medical care and safety facilities.

Features of naphtha drilling

After installation, the process of re-equipping the traveling system begins: during this process, the equipment is installed, and small mechanical features are tested. Installing a goldfish accelerates the process of drilling the soil; There is no direct fault in diverging from the axis center of the vezhi.

After centering is completed, drilling is carried out along straight lines: this process includes installing a pipe to strengthen the drill and filling the cob part with cement. Once the centering between the tower itself and the rotor axles is set straight, it is adjusted again.

A drilling hole is created in the center of the shaft, and during the process casing is carried out behind additional pipes. When drilling a hole, a turbo drill is used, to regulate the fluidity of the wrapping, it is necessary to use it behind an additional rope that is fixed to the very core, and the rest is adjusted physically.

Shortly before the launch of the drilling rig, once the preparatory stage has passed, a conference is held with the participation of members of the administration: technologists, geologists, engineers, drillers. The food that is discussed at the conference is as follows:

• Scheme of deposits of layers at the naphtha birthplace: a ball of clay, a ball of sandstone with water carriers, a ball of naphtha deposits.
• Structural features of the drill bit.
• The warehouse of the Georgian breed is at the point of investigation and development.
• Consideration of possible difficulties and complicating factors that may arise during naphtha drilling in a particular situation.
• Review and analysis of the standard map.
• A look at the power supply connected with trouble-free wiring.

Documents and possession: main benefits

The process of drilling drilling for naphtha can be completed only after completing the necessary documents. Before them lie the following:

• He talked about the beginning of the exploitation of the drilling platform.
• Map of standards.
• Journal of investigations for storms.
• Journal of security and safety practices in robots.
• Type of functioning of diesel engines.
• Shift log.

Prior to the basic mechanical handling and wear-and-tear materials that are subjected to hardening during the drilling process, lay down the following types:

• Equipment for cementing, cement dissecting.
• Installation for safety.
• Logging mechanisms.
• Process water.
• Reagents for various purposes.
• Water for drinking.
• Pipes for casing and water drilling.
• Maidanchik under the helicopter.

Tipi Sverdlovin

At the beginning of the process, the diameter of the trunk is set to 90 cm, and until the end it rarely reaches 16.5 cm. During the course of work, Sverdlovsk will work through a number of stages:

1. The deterioration of the Sverdlovina, for which the drilling equipment is used: it details the Sverdlovian rock.
2. View of the streets from the mine.
3. Securing the trunk to additional pipes and cement.
4. Works that can be monitored for breaking off the ruptures are found to be more productive in refining the naphtha.
5. Descent of clay and cementation.

Drills can be graded due to their dullness and are divided into the following types:

• Small (up to 1500 meters).
• Middle (up to 4500 meters).
• Sunken (up to 6000 meters).
• Overburdens (over 6000 meters).

Drilling of drill bits requires the drilling of a solid layer of rock with a chisel. The removed parts appear to have been washed with a special finish; The depth of the mine is greater when the entire face area is destroyed.

Problems associated with drilling naphtha drillings

During the drilling process, you may encounter a number of technical problems that make it almost impossible to improve or complete the work. The following phenomena can be seen before them:

• Ruinuvannya stovbura, collapse.
• Look at the ground for washing (removing parts of the rock).
• Emergency stations of mines.
• Pomilki near the long trunk.

Most often, wall collapses occur because the rock has an unstable structure. A sign of a collapse is increased pressure, high viscosity of the core, which is washed out for washing, and also a high volume of rock material that comes to the surface.

The clay soil most often disappears at the bottom, since the layer that lies lower completely absorbs the damage within itself. This is a porous system, or a high level of clay lends itself to such a phenomenon.

During the drilling process, the drilled projectile, which collapses behind the year arrow, reaches the point of slaughter and rises back. Drilling involves root layers, which require cutting up to 1.5 meters. Once the bore is cut out, the pipe is buried in the core, which serves as a means of carrying out the washing process directly into the groove.

The drill bit, as well as the spindle, can rotate at different speeds and frequencies; This indicator depends on what types of rocks need to be pierced, what diameter of the crown will be formed. The fluidity is controlled by an additional regulator, which regulates the amount of pressure on the drill bit. The robotic process creates the necessary pressure that is applied to the wall by hammering and cutting the projectile itself.

Sverdlovsk drilling design

Before the process of creating a naphtha drill begins, a project is formed as a chair, which includes the following aspects:

• The power of the manifestations of the Georgian rocks (resistance to ruining, hardness, rhubarb instead of water).
• Glibina Sverdlovina, kut її nahilu.
• The diameter of the shaft is an important step in the infusion of new hardness of rocks.
• Method of drilling sverdlovin.

The design of a naphtha drill must be based on the depth, the end diameter of the shaft itself, as well as the level of drilling and design features. Geological analysis allows you to determine the nutritional value regardless of the type of drill.

Burinnya methods

The process of creating a drill bit for producing naphtha can be done in a number of ways:

• Shock-rope method.
• Work from frozen rotor mechanisms.
• Drilling the drill from the vibrating motor.
• Turbine type drilling.
• Burinnya Sverdlovina with vikoristannya screw engine.
• The drilling of the Sverdlovin looks like an electric drill.

The first way is to go up to the most familiar and proven methods, and in this case the shaft is pierced with blows of a chisel, which vibrates at regular intervals. Try to hesitate for help by pouring in the shaft of the chisel and the tight rod. The lifting equipment is obtained through balancing the equipment for the drilling machine.

The work with a rotary device is grounded on a wrapped mechanism behind an additional rotor, which is placed on the drill body through the drill pipes, which perform the function of the shaft. Drilling of small-sized drills is carried out directly in front of the spindle motor. Rotary drive connects to the cardan and winch: this device allows you to control the fluidity around the shafts.

Drilling behind an additional turbine is carried out through an additional transmission of torque that turns around the column from the motor. This method allows the transmission of hydraulic energy. In this method, there is only one channel for supplying energy on the level up to the bottom.

A turbodrill is a special mechanism that converts hydraulic energy into a vice into mechanical energy, which ensures rotation.

The process of drilling a naphtha drill consists of lowering and lifting the column into the shaft, as well as maturing it in a vase. A column is an assembled structure made of pipes that are connected one to another using special locks. The main tasks are the transfer of various types of energy to the bit. This is how the collapse occurs, leading to the destruction and destruction of the core.

Volodymyr Khomutko

Reading hour: 5 hvilin

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What is naphtha?

Without naphtha products, it is important for yourself to recognize the daily life. There is a stink of naphtha, as they look for the help of special oil-based liquids. How many of us are familiar with the term “nafta sverdlovina”, but it is unlikely that we all know what it really is. Let's try to figure out what this mess is and what kind of stinks there are.

A sverdlovina is a cylindrical shaped gyrus, whose diameter is often less than the lateral length of the trunk.

The cream of the sverdloviny, there are also such iron-clad pits, like a well and a mine. What is its importance in relation to the significance we have considered? In reality, everything is easy to do. A person can drain a well at a mine, but not until Sverdlovsk. In this way, the additionally significant value of the dispute is such a hysterical formation, a scheme and form that includes access to it for people.

The upper part of such a vibration is called a girl, and the lower part is called a viboem. Stini, who go down, create the title of stovbur.

Everyone knows that Sverdlovians have to pay for help in the storm. It would be wrong to say that they are simply Buryats. These capital spores, folded in their future, will soon be under the ground, in connection with which they are placed before the main features of the organization, and the expenditures from their drilling and improvement are capital investments.

Production of naphtha and gas drillings

The design of the drill bit is selected at the design stage and may suit the following situations:

• the design must allow free access to any geophysical equipment and clay storage;
• the design is responsible for preventing the walls of the trunk from collapsing;
• It is also your responsibility to ensure a safe floor at one end of all passing layers and to prevent the flow of fluids from layer to layer;
• At times of need, the design of this vibration must be able to seal its neck whenever such a need arises.

Construction and installation of naphtha and gas drillings is carried out according to the following procedure:

1. We are going to drill a large-diameter cob drill first. Its depth is about 30 meters. Then a metal pipe, called directly, is lowered into the drilling hole, and the extra space is inserted with special casing pipes and cemented. The goal is to prevent the top ball from being washed out by the ground during further drilling.
2. At a depth of 500 to 800 meters, drill a drill of smaller diameter into which a pipe string is lowered, called a conductor. The space between the walls of the pipe and Girsky rock is also filled with cement mortar to the entire depth.
3. Only after lining the conductor directly, drill a drill hole to the depth specified by the design and lower a column of pipes of an even smaller diameter from it. This column is called operational. Since the depth of the formation is great, it is possible to ask questions about the intermediate pipe columns. The entire space between the rock drill and the superfluous rock is filled with cement.

What is the main function of a conductor? On the right, at depths up to 500 meters, an active zone of fresh waters expands, and below this depth (behind the region of expansion) begins a zone with difficult water exchange, which is rich in salty waters and other dry fluids div (including gas and nafta ). Thus, the axis, the main task of the conductor, is an additional protection that prevents the salinity of surface fresh waters and does not allow the penetration of waste streams, which are concentrated in the lower layers.

How do Sverdlovians grow?

It is important to note that in various geological minds with well-developed naphtha origins, different types of such minerals can be drilled.

Main types of sverdlovins:

• vertical;
• stolen-straight;
• horizontal;
• rich-burning or rich-killing.

A vertical drill is called vertical if the depth of the drill is different from the vertical - a little more than five degrees.

If this is more than five degrees, then this is already a very straight-forward type.

The drill is called horizontal because the angle from the vertical of the drill is approximately 90 degrees. However, there are certain aspects of its significance. Shards in living nature rarely develop into “straight lines”, and the layers that are fragmented most often lie behind a slight twist, so from a practical point of view it is usually impossible to drill strictly horizontal drill holes.

It is simpler and more effective to direct the drill along the optimal trajectory of the impact. Based on this, it is possible to consider the horizontal type of such drills, such as a long drill, drilling as close as possible to the target productive formation at the optimal azimuth.

Sverdlovins, which have two or more trunks, are called rich-trunked or rich-trunked. Its function is one and the same – at the adjusted unwinding point, in which the additional ones go to the main table. Since this point grows higher than the level of the productive horizon, this type of plant is called multi-stem. Since this point grows within the productive horizon, it is a richly vibrated type of rock.

It seems simpler, if the main drill is drilled to the formation that is being fragmented, and then in the middle of it additional shoots are drilled, then this is a rich-displacement type (the productive formation is penetrated at one point). All other drills with a few shafts are brought to the rich-barreled ones (the same point where the formation is broken through). This type of boreholes is also characteristic of the formations of rocks formed on different horizons.

In addition, there are still a lot of Sverdlovins. In this case, a number of stovburs disperse under different bushes and into different depths, and their branches are found close to one another (like planting bushes with feet).

This classification conveys the following categories of hyrnic plants:

Exploration drilling is carried out in areas where naphtha or gas content has already been established, in order to clarify the obligations of identifying deposits in carbohydrate ore and to clarify the output parameters of the genus, which are necessary for the designed method of developing the industry , the investigator owes special respect.

Operational drilling creates the vibration of attack types:

• main (additional and injection);
• reserve;
• control;
• otsіnnі;
• duplicating;
• special purpose drill bits (claying, water intake etc.).

The milk bottle itself is vibrated through different types of vibrations, which can be pump, gas-lift or fountain.

The purpose of injection drills is to inject into the formation, which is crushed by injection of new steam, gas or water, as well as other working media. The stench is internal, peripheral and peripheral.

There are necessary reserves for the development of adjacent and stagnant zones, and also for wedging zones that are included in the contour of the main drills.

Control requirements for monitoring the exact positions of the contact zones of the resource that are being produced, and other changes in the formation that are in development. In addition, they help control pressure in productive formations.

Estimations necessary for advanced assessments of preparations before the birth of the family. They help to determine the boundaries and sizes of reserves, as well as other necessary forward parameters.

Duplicate vicors are replaced at the hour of replacement of liquidated heirs of physical wear and tear or accident of drillings to the main fund.

Through special means, process water is obtained, industrial water is discharged, and the fountains are then liquidated.

The nature of the drilling process for naphtha rocks is:

• mechanical;
• thermal;
• physical and chemical;
• electric and so on.

Naphtha drill structure

The industrial development of the genus is transferred to the alternative of mechanical methods, which are subject to different drilling regimes. All other drilling methods are subject to experimental development.

Mechanical drilling methods are divided into rotational and percussion.

The impact method is a mechanical process of rock rock, which is formed by a special tool suspended on a rope - a chisel. The warehouse of such a drilling complex also includes a cable lock and a shock rod. This device is suspended on a rope, like a thrown block, installed on a rope. The rotary and reciprocating shaft of the bit is secured with a special drilling bench. The cylindrical shape of the drill is formed as a result of the rotation of the bit during the hour of work.

After cleaning the scraped rock, place it in an additional bailer, which will then form a bucket with a valve on the bottom. Remove the tool from the drill, lower the bailer, and open the valve. The bucket is filled with a mixture of rock pieces, the valve closes, and the bailer raises the surface. That's it, you can continue to chew the storm.

In Russia, the shock storm practically does not stagnate at once.

The general method of foundations on hexed chisels is the same by using one-hour pressure on the tool, vertical tension, and torque to turn. Vertical rotation allows you to drive the bit into the rock, and then, at the next moment, when you turn, the bit chips, wears out and crushes the rock.

For the method of rotating the power unit, the overall drilling process depends on the rotor and the slaughterhouse. At the first stage, the motor stands on the surface, and the torque to turn is transmitted down to the drill pipe strings. In another type, the motor is placed directly behind the bit and the drill string is not wrapped (only the bit is wrapped).

The world's largest sverdlova is the Kol'ska nadgliboka (SG-3). Its depth is 12,262 meters. They drilled in the Murmansk region for the extraction of clay resources from the Earth.