Where to wire the apartment. Conducted in the apartment: installation, laying, wiring, connections. See wiring installation

Whenever there is any repair in an apartment, a private cabin or in a country house, as well as a breakdown of any element of the electrical wiring, it is necessary to know exactly where the wires go. Otherwise, this can lead to additional problems associated with the sound of electrical cables hidden near the wall or, even worse, if the tool gets into a live wire. This is why it is necessary to carry out a scheme. Although, as is often the case, it is not at hand, so when purchasing a vein of water, no one bothers with this documentation. Therefore, it is important to understand the different types of electrical power supply, since in large apartments the stench is standard.

Wire connection options

People, who understand that in the process of creating electrical wiring diagrams on their own or who are constantly working on installing sockets, circuit breakers and lights in their own apartment, must know the basic methods with their own hands, how electric lances are connected.

Since the home inspector is not at all familiar with the field of electrical installations, it is best to entrust all installation work in the apartment to professional electricians, who will then put together a clear plan, which includes finding More details to help you save on the purchase of costly materials.

Video: diagram of laying the cable in the booth

How to determine the electrical wiring

The choice of schemes can be made with further information. In front of us, we are aware of the safety rules for using electric lancets. Today there are three main breeding options.

1. The most popular way of laying wiring is to connect all storage elements of the divider behind additional separate boxes. This scheme transfers the installation of the shield to the exit platform in a specially designed niche, and not in a residential area. The panel has its own device for monitoring electrical equipment and a number of packages. The introduction of electrical equipment into the apartment is carried out through an additional cable, the distribution of which to the rooms is carried out through the use of separate boxes.
2. The dilution scheme using the “Zirka” method is transferred so that the skin element is connected by an edged line connected directly to the shield through an automatic toggle switch. With such a significant difference, the waste of wires, physical work and project work will increase. Having assessed all the advantages and shortcomings, it becomes clear that everything is justified, as long as the system is able to completely control the skin of the person living separately.
3. Similar to the previous version of electrical wiring, there is a diagram - “Loop”. This option has only one additional part, which is required when several people are connected to one cable. As a result, there is a change in the use of installation work and costly materials, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the project.

In most cases, the wiring diagram uses a combination of several cable laying methods at one time. In this case, it is important to think through everything in order to achieve maximum efficiency and safety of the electric lance.

Standard scheme

All ideas for cleaning the electrical coils before starting the installation work should be found in the detailed diagram included on the arches of the paper. In this case, it is important to consider the planning of the skin surrounding area in order to allow several different groups of electrical protection elements to be exposed. For clarity, the skin group can be marked using a different scheme.

In practice, it has been revealed that the maximum efficiency of dilution is achieved by sharing a series of devices with a number of groups, from which an automatic automatic packetizer is connected. Therefore, such a technical solution will make it easier for further repairs and maintenance of the electrical circuit without the need to dismantle the entire apartment. It is advisable to connect all devices to one line, only due to the presence of a cable with a large crossbar, which may affect the shift in voltage that occurs when all electrical appliances are turned on at the same time. at the apartment.

When the shield is placed near the living area, it is possible to connect electrical appliances to other machines. This greatly enhances the efficiency and safety of the electrical circuit. Why, then, has this scheme not become more widespread? It’s easy to complete everything – this option of connecting devices until the end of the changeover significantly increases the cost of the project. Therefore, the following groups are associated with the following groups:

• a group of living spaces and a corridor are illuminated;
• supply of electricity to rooms;
• power supply in the kitchen and hallway;
• supply of light and electricity to the bathroom and bathroom. In this case, this group is subject to increased risk through persistently high levels of moisture;
• If the kitchen has an electric stove, its connections must also be taken into account.

To ensure maximum safety of electrical installations, the skin group must be provided with an EPV - a special chemical device, which is nothing more than a differential lancer switch at maximum values ​​of the flow. It is also necessary to equip the wiring in the bathroom and kitchen with such dry devices.

After the residual molding of the main groups, it is necessary to distribute in some places the accessories, such as an electric stove, water heater, air conditioner, etc. At the next stage, lay out the layout of the installation of circuit breakers, distribution boxes, lamps and sockets. In this case, all elements must be added to the electrical wiring diagrams, from which a large number of wires can be exposed.

It is very important that the principle of the electrical wiring diagram be applied to many examples, one of which needs to be preserved in the future. After all the parts have been inspected, you can compile the report of the clean-up chair according to the exact plan of the skin area.

All installation points of electrical elements are indicated on the diagram accordingly to the installed system and are connected by lines that indicate darts. To improve the readability of the diagram, different groups of wires should be marked with different colors.

The circuit must include all dimensions of the premises, from the electrical panel to sockets, switches and lighting fixtures, etc. Such a report plan will allow you to clearly carry out installation work and layout of all necessary waste materials as quickly as possible, which will allow you to plan costs.

Video: electrical wiring diagram for the apartment

To correctly create a wiring diagram for the apartment, you should know the important steps before laying wires in residential buildings.

1. The bathroom is not provided with sockets, except one connected to an additional transformer for turning on low voltage appliances, such as an electric razor.
2. It is unacceptable to connect the grounded socket to the zero terminal. It is also strictly forbidden to ground the wiring elements to the battery or water supply. This is not safe for apartment dwellers.
3. If a stove is installed in the kitchen, which is connected to the alternating steam or other heavy-duty companions, then the main machine is subject to a high nominal value, so that no special requests are required.
4. The laying of wires must bend either vertically or horizontally.
5. Changing the straightness of the wiring can lead to the risk of contact with a color or drill in the wire under voltage during repair. Cable spanning is also unacceptable.
6. It is important that electrical wires run 15 cm above the surface of the floor or ceiling, as well as window frames, door frames and outside cabinets.
7. The line between the pipes and the water supply should be less than 3 cm. The wiring to the socket should come from the lower part, while the wiring to the socket should come from the upper part.

It is important that all sockets and devices that you install yourself are placed on the same level. So, for sockets it is acceptable to set the height of the base to 30 cm, while for sockets it is 80 cm to 1 m. Of course, if necessary, these parameters can be changed to suit the needs of the apartment.

How to make wire routing with your own hands

To lay electrical wires near an apartment, you must strictly follow the prepared diagram. In this case, it is important to carry out such work with your own hands.

For the correct connection of wires, Vikory uses three different methods - using additional glue, soldering or twisting, which can be seen in the video. The first two are considered the most effective in the industry, the rest are considered the most reliable and have a high level of security, wanting to make them easier with your own hands.

Video: installation of electrical wiring

What kind of darts to choose

To properly install the electrical wiring in the apartment, you need to buy suitable parts. In this case, the copper cable is important when separated for the simple reason that it has maximum flexibility, is less flexible and has high conductivity. It is also easier to mount it on the sub-base than the aluminum analogue.

In luxury apartments, wires are laid in two or three wires with a crossbar of 2.5–3 square mm under sockets and 1.5 under wires and lamps. For heavy-duty users, a line around the line with wires larger than 3 mm square is laid to prevent them from overheating.

The entire electrical wiring diagram can be assembled and installed independently. Moreover, the responsibility for the efficiency of their robots and the safety of the workers rests on the people who carried out the installation work. Therefore, I would like to have minimal knowledge in this area.

Video: how to choose the correct cable crossover

Do-it-yourself electrical wiring in the apartment

It is important to note that on average, an apartment has a weight of about 8 kilowatts. This means varto vikoristovvati automatic vimikach for 40 amperes. This is enough to protect against overexposure and flow in the event of a short circuit. Dry disconnection devices (so-called DEV) are required to protect people from electrical injuries, as well as during power surges. Most often, 2 EPVs are installed, one with a 10 milliampere turn (for a bathroom) and the other with a 30 milliampere (for a socket group). You can find a report on correct installation in the article about EPV.

The conductor itself is chosen based on the fact that it is innocently needed for 8 A/mm sq. For the rosette group, a single-core copper wire with a diameter of 1.27 mm is sufficient.

You should carefully consider the wiring diagram in order to safely carry out the installation of electrical wiring in the apartment, and the video will help at least a little. It is necessary to ensure that the wall grinding may be minimal, and the tracks are not liable to fray. Electrical wiring is laid in both horizontal and vertical straight lines. In apartments, order to tidy up the wiring, laid out in grooves - 1.5 - 2 centimeters buried. Wall grooving is done using a disc grinding machine. Vikorist at this diamond cut. Holes for mounting and separate boxes are punched with a puncher. The skin is 25 cm - 30 cm thick with alabaster. The mounting sockets are also secured with alabaster. It is not possible to save money for the rest of the day - it is your fault to carry out all the necessary meetings. Insulate the area using a heat-sinking tube or PVC stitch. It is necessary to immediately connect particles from different metals - especially through the terminal blocks. It is also not recommended to twist the twist when connecting. Over the years, in places where the wires are twisted, they develop flexible laxity. It is best to use active fluxes such as zinc chloride for soldering.

All places where any wires are connected are located in separate boxes without any fault. It is also worth remembering that the electrical wiring in the apartment was installed with your own hands or under plasterboard, siding or clapboard, and must lie in the dry sleeve.

The stroba under the socket or the vimikach is not guilty of going above and beyond. Installation boxes are better than plastic ones - they provide stronger fixation. The number of sockets is 1 socket per 6 square meters of area. Wires and sockets are best placed at a height of 75-80 cm from the base.

All work is carried out on a safe basis. Connections to automatic machines are only possible after checking all measurements.

Do-it-yourself electrical wiring for an apartment video

Video: Electrical wiring of a private apartment. View from the middle

Watch another video “How to properly replace sockets and wires.” It will be useful for everyone who is familiar with this and does not know how to install electrical wiring in an apartment, the video is included below.

The statistics are not good - about two thirds of all fires in cottages are caused by problems with the internal electrical circuit. Due to the electrical wiring in a private booth, it is necessary to move it forward. That's right, but it's properly designed and properly designed. You can install it yourself. Golovna correctly planned the routing of wires at the stage of designing the booth and installed them until the beginning of the internal furnished rooms.

From this article you will find out:

• Why do you need to work your electrical wiring in Novobudovo?
• What are the benefits of installing electrical wiring in Novobudovo?
• What type of electrical wiring can be obtained from Novobudovo
• How to select cables for electrical wiring in Novobudovo

If you have become the lucky owner of an apartment in Novobudovo, then you are expecting a bug from this property. The most important stage of repair is installation of electrical wiring. Today it is allowed that electrical installation work was carried out by apartment owners. Some utility companies, with the same savings, allow homeowners to install electrical wiring themselves. We are figuring out how to do it so that the electrical wiring in the apartment is clearly visible, and how to do it independently.

Why do you need to replace the electrical system in Novobudovo?

Since the foreman installs the electrical wiring in the apartment himself, then, more than anything else, the master of life re-produces it. Even everything depends on functionality, and you can work it in a way that is easy for you.

What problems can be encountered if the electrical wiring in Novobudovo is already installed?

1. Since automation is cheap, there is no guarantee that the equipment will be 100% protected.
2. The cable that is being laid does not meet the luminosity standards, however, as it satisfies the specifications. The cut will not be sufficient, and the insulating ball will be too thin. It may happen that the inner insulating ball sticks together with the outer one, and during the cable processing time the smell will disappear at once.
3. If the electrical wiring in Novobudovo is wired using the hoisting method, the cable should be twisted more. No one can guarantee that such wiring, stored close to the wall or under the roof, will last a long time and will not become overcooked.
4. To protect the cable, pipes buried under plaster should be laid diagonally. It all comes down to the fact that the cable can be broken, for example, if the owner of the apartment wants to install sconces or drive the flowers in his place. Electrical lines must be made straight, making minor turns at 90 degrees.
5. The height at which sockets and devices are placed will vary. When you spend your donkey, take a centimeter thread and change into it yourself.

All adjustments made to the electrical wiring diagram (including changing parameters) must be made before the core is reinstalled. He will have to make changes to the organs of local self-government. For example, it may be necessary if you want to lay a cable through another cut, replace the machine, install a new electrical distribution panel, install another power line, and so on.

You will lose your weight in just 45 days. In this case, you may be convinced by Perebudova. Ensure that you provide all necessary documentation from the moment you provide it. The authority responsible for carrying out the procedure, after the decision is made, will receive (or by mail) a supporting document of 3 dibs.

On the basis of this document, the owner of the apartment has the right to carry out a re-living.

Now you can change the electrical wiring in Novobudovo. Don’t forget that the addition of the electrical line, as well as the new gasket characteristics, are indicated in the technical data sheet of the object.

The electrical wiring in the apartment in Novobudovo is made from copper cable, which is covered with an insulating ball. The cable made of aluminum is shielded: if you touch a number of tight electrical accessories, it will not be damaged.

The 7th edition of the PUE rules stipulates that the electrical wiring in Novobudovo may be divided into a three-wire cable from the middle, in which one of the cores ensures grounding.

There are two types of grounding, the difference being the subzero point:

• TN-S system (working zero N);
• TN-C-S system (stable zero PE).

A three-wire cable enters the booth from the shield: phase – L, neutral – N and grounding – PE.

Grounding is necessary to protect people from electrocution. In addition, since there is a grounding conductor, the electrical equipment will not burn out. If you are working on electrical wiring in Novobudovo, do not forget about grounding. If it is unclear to connect the grounding conductor, it will become a rupture. Then, under the hour of a phase breakdown, for example, on a refrigerator, all the electrical equipment in your system, which is supplied to the limit, will stop working under extreme voltage.

How can I turn off this situation? Don't mess with the twisted ones. It is recommended to use special terminal blocks that are cut by pressing the cable. Or you can solder the connection, placing it in a separate box, electrical outlet, electrical panel, so that if necessary, you can easily reach them.

Since the apartment has been installed in the old style - with aluminum, it is necessary to dismantle it and create copper. Is it possible to install new wiring? Then twist the terminal blocks to connect the cable from the middle to the aluminum.

• Where are the sockets and devices located?

Place the sockets and keep them fenced. This moment is regulated by SNiP 23-05-95.

Thus, the driver must stand no more than 10 cm from the door opening (on the side where the door handle is removed). At what height you want to install it, choose the most convenient option. However, in children's organizations, vimikac is required to grow at a height of 180 cm from the base.

According to SNiP, if the room of a child is more than 6 square meters, one socket can be installed. Please do not connect electrical appliances (which supply a lot of electrical energy) to other portable devices. It’s better to just install the sockets so that all electrical equipment can be connected. It is recommended to install more sockets in the kitchen area.

Sockets that will be installed in areas with high moisture content are selected to be specially resistant to water. Place them at a distance of at least 60 cm from sinks, bathtubs, and toilets. It is necessary to arrive through the EPV. Choose the layout of the sockets so that you can easily handle them. Stand in front of the frames, windows and door openings – height 10 cm, height of the frame – 20 cm.

Connections to sockets and outlets are located 50 cm away from the gas pipeline, and 4 cm from other communications.

• There are different types of electrical wiring

Subject to the requirements of SNiP, electrical wiring in an apartment in Novobudovo is installed either horizontally or vertically. Installation wiring can be:

1. Let's get it in the best way- It is important for you to protect yourself and save your internet. The cable is laid in the underlay, empty between concrete slabs, and also against walls. If the wall is wooden, the cable should be laid in a special dry hose to reduce the risk of borrowing;
2. in a secret way- this way the installation of electrical wiring in Novobudovo will be simpler. Darts can be placed in channels that are mounted on the surface of the walls. The advantage of this method is that you can quickly get to the bottom to repair it. However, the Internet will be zipped.

You can remove electrical wiring in an apartment in Novobudovo by combining two described methods. For example, the main line will be hidden in the underside or in the stele. In this case, the wires leading to sockets and electrical outlets must be laid in a closed way. The combination method is used infrequently, usually for installation of wiring in utility rooms.

Most often, electrical installations in Novobudovo are installed using the fixed method. However, be sure to think about how you will replace the cable in case it breaks.

It is best to place the cable near the corrugated sleeves. This way you can easily remove it and replace it with a new one. With this finish, the walls will not be sealed. The corrugated hose is laid near the channels, which are cut with a grinder or a grinder. Please note that according to SNiP it is possible to protect the metal reinforcement when cutting channels on reinforced concrete slabs. In addition, it is not possible to place wires near the joints of panel slabs.

• Automatic for zakhistu

Once the electrical wiring is installed in the apartment in Novobudovo, do not forget about the dry machines. Disconnect them from the local electrical panel according to the following rules:

• If the machine is 16 A, you must also connect the lighting line;
• 20 A automatic machine – socket line;
• 25 A automatic machine for connecting everyday equipment with great difficulty. It is necessary to draw a close line to the electrical shield.

Cream automatic machines, then install EPV on all electrical equipment. Here you will see how the current flow becomes 100 mA. All lines are connected directly to the ELV, which is rated for a voltage of 10 to 30 mA.

Electrical installation planning in Novobudovo

Don’t you want the supply chain to be re-introduced as time goes on? To avoid additional damage to the walls, the contractors must first proceed to the installation work and develop an electrical wiring diagram for the apartment in Novobudovo. The wiring and connections are shown schematically below.

The wiring diagram for electrical wiring in Novobudovo is as follows: the connection on the chair indicates lighting fixtures and electrical equipment. Then, having taken care of the voltage, select the wiring diagram of the conductors, identify the cable crossover, and select the drying machines.

• Power block

This includes household electrical appliances that generate a lot of electricity, for example, oven, electric stove, boiler, split system. To bring the technique to the limit, carefully draw a line of tension, which is used with the help of automatic machines. This is the only way to ensure proper safety of household appliances in your home. In addition, if you need to carry out electrical repairs, you can easily do it quickly.

• Lighting block

How can the lighting part be designed:

• one group;
• 2-3 groups of lightening devices.

The first way is suitable for small rooms, where the space on the edge will be small. The other type of scheme is the one that gets stuck most often. The connection diagram for several groups is shown below.

If in the area, next to the lighting fixtures, there will be living units, transformers, and their trace will be fed through the adjacent electrical circuit from the individual circuit breakers.

• Large electrical equipment

The kitchen area is where most of the electrical equipment is located. And most often they work with electrical appliances, as long as you don’t use them (for example, a refrigerator, an electric stove, a bread maker, etc.). To ensure that the vents function properly and the fence does not become distorted, lay a line around it. In this case, the cable runs with a large crossbar, and a dry machine needs to be held with such pressure that it exerts maximum stress on your brain.

Electrical wiring in Novobudovo begins with the installation of the electrical distribution panel. Until then, an electrician will be supplied from the power supply. The shield must be installed when inserted into the farmhouse, at the exit of the rich surface or in the apartment.

After the apartment panel, the electrician will go to the hospital, which records how much energy has been wasted. Then go to the sockets, lighting fixtures and lighting fixtures.

To protect the electric lance, special automatic installations are required. They are cut into the circuit board in front of the cable, which leads to the socket or connector.

How much energy was wasted by the skin electrical device is recorded on the shield, after which it is treated with an electrical device, which passes all the impulses through itself. This explains why the mains of the shield are separated from the cable with a large span: this way it is possible to prevent the tension of the barrier and the leakage of the insulating ball.

The wire that goes from the shield to the survivable energy may have a small bridle, and even the smells feel less intense. However, the retin lived on the material from which it was prepared, so choose carefully. Special advanced literature specifies the rules for cable routing and permissible installation.

There are three ways to create an electrical wiring diagram for an apartment in Novobudovo:

1. Loop (buses) - installation of the main line is carried out through separate boxes, of which the installations are carried out using live energy.
2. The radial method is to apply the stream to the skin through a semi-conductor cable, without going through the middle, without any ruptures, and connect it to a drying machine.
3. Combination method - combine two forward methods.

All electrical wiring diagrams in Novobudovo are not similar to one another, but they are based on the design of different models of electrical equipment, wires (cables). They are installed for standard or specially developed projects using this or other technology.

1. Supplied with a string.

The ends of the cables are connected in the middle of the junction boxes. In order to commune them, we will end up with a separation scheme.

As a guide, you can take a diagram that shows how to install electrical wiring in a 1-room apartment.

The shield, installed at the bottom, has a disinfectant installed, as well as 2 automatic machines: one for the socket group, the other for the lighting group. Cables run through them in a cable for up to 3-4 unsoldering boxes.

• for vitality;
• for the kitchen area;
• for collection.

Both the cable and the other must be laid parallel to the boxes and connected there. Through those dozens of years ago, the attraction at the border was small, a lot of people were victorious in new comrades. The work was carried out using aluminum cables with a cross-cut of 2.5 mm 2 . At this time, to install the electrical system in the apartment in Novobudovo, put darts from the middle. Let's tell you how to unzip the binding.

At the front of the room there is a separate box for the toilet, which is connected by a wire to a socket and two keys so that you can turn on and off the light in the bathroom and toilet.

Also for zakhistu you can vikoristovuvat automat. Connect them directly to the sockets and lighting fixtures. Also, with your companions, you can keruvat after the mixture, and the stench will be removed. For example, AB No. 1 protects electrical appliances in the kitchen area and toilets, No. 2 – appliances in the front room and in the bathroom.

You can bring the power supply to the living quarters in another way: some of the electrical power is supplied through the additional third automatic switch of the shield. How to properly connect sockets and wires?

• includes lighting in the room, including all electrical equipment (for example, a floor lamp and a TV);
• We plug one circuit breaker into the panel, and it’s surprising that both the lamp and the electrical appliance have stopped functioning;
• Fix it so you don’t forget;
• We also check with another automatic recorder and record what happened;
• analysis of the extracted data is carried out.

2. Supplied with tension using a radial method.

Here, as in the situation described above, the distribution of energy among the machines is achieved with the help of an additional housing panel. Automatically select the following so that the stench matches the technical parameters and the voltage.

A solid cable without twists is carried out in automatic machines until it is ready.

In the event of a breakdown, you can connect the faulty line itself to the circuit, routing the electricity in the new building in this way will be as reliable as possible. Ale has its own nuances:

• the number of automatic machines is great;
• The size of the shield is important, in which stench will be located;
• long highways with cable.

As a result, in order to create the scheme, as well as implement it, you will have to spend a lot of money.

3. Supply voltage using a combined method.

This method, combining both loop and radial connections, will ensure that the particularities of dilution for a specific skin condition are ensured. In order to ensure optimal selection of equipment, you can change it.

It doesn’t matter which electrical wiring diagram you choose for your apartment in Novobudovo, the cable is laid either in a closed or in a closed way.

With the hoist method, the wire is laid in the walls either underneath (under the plaster) or in empty structures made of plasterboard.

As for the method of conducting wires, the wire is attached to the wall or stele with a series of brackets.

Advantages of the chosen method:

• The wire is not visible.
• It is impossible to damage the wiring.
• As soon as the vinikne is shortened, a solid ball of plaster will not allow the spalk to melt, at most the darts will melt. When carried out in an open manner, the finishing of the coating may collapse.
• Easy to carry out cosmetic treatment.
• Since the electrical wiring in Novobudovo is planned in an optimal manner and clearly defined, it will last for a long time.

Nedoliky:

• To install electrical wiring in Novobudovo using a closed method, you will waste a lot of money and energy. Come to sand and polish the surfaces, and then spend additional money.
• To replace faulty wires, you will have to spend a lot.
• The wiring is stuck and it's cooling down badly. This means that the permissible voltage is lower (aligned with the shutter).

Advantages of the open method:

• Ease of installation.
• Budgeting.
• You can quickly change the electrical circuit in Novobudovo.

Nedoliky:

• The internet will be zipped.
• Advancement of the risk of damage to the wiring.
• Maybe you were asleep.

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of both methods, first choosing the other. Prote fakhivtsi recommend wiring electricity in Novobudovo using a closed method.

We are talking about a power cable for everyday use or a wire rated for a voltage of 220/380 V. We will not consider other types, such as cables for a TV, a computer, for heating, etc.

1. Why is the cable made, its design features.

The preparation can be carried out with copper or aluminum. Copper cables lined with aluminum (with the same crossbar) have better reliability characteristics, support, flow, and practically do not heat up. The copper cable does not oxidize, it is plastic. Therefore, the term of his service is long, and over time, the virus does not lose its brilliance.

Important! PUE is protected against aluminum wires for electrical distribution in an apartment in Novobudovo.

The wire can be single-core (single-core) or multi-core (high-core). The single-strands will be harsh, the stench is practically indescribable, especially if the cut is large.

Theoretically, for the installation of electrical wiring in Novobudovo, it is possible to quickly install a single-core cable from the middle. The plaster is protected from the conductor. However, in reality, no one is using single-shot cable.

Single-core multi-drag cable is soft and flexible. It can be folded and turned as needed. It is recommended to be careful with both the open and closed type of wiring.

A three-core single-draw cable is the right choice if you need to install electrical wiring in an apartment in Novobudovo.

Important! The cable, where the core is divided into one conductor, is cut into a hole, into which the core is divided into several conductors. The fragments are of great importance, the rich cables are not damaged when installing wiring in the frame.

2. Pereriz.




Dimensions - mm 2 overcut means the throughput of the wire. So, 1 mm 2 darts from the middle of the building allow 8 to 10 A, for aluminum - 5 A. In order for the wiring to function properly, the cross-section may be larger. This way the cable will not overheat, and the insulation will not melt due to the increased pressure. Moreover, if the electrical wiring in the apartment in Novobudovo is of the same type, then it is bad to realize that it will be out of stock.

Important! Webbing and diameter - different sizes. You can change the diameter yourself using a ruler or a caliper, or more precisely. The data is removed using a special formula and is clearly cut across.

Also, do not forget that when choosing a wire for routing electrical equipment in the New Budovo trace, round off to the high side. For example, you carried out a refresher and it turned out to be 1.4 mm2. This means that you should choose a wire from a crossbar of 1.5 mm 2, and not 1 mm 2.

The ideal option is if the spandrel is the same as indicated on the dart. However, in truth it may be less. As a result, certification of the plant is obtained not for the cut, but for the support, damage is allowed. However, if the data varies greatly, it means there is a defect. A professional can tell by simply marveling at the wire. And you can determine the diameter of the wire, and then break through the cable girder to get the hang of it.

3. Thickness of an insulating ball.

It doesn’t matter whether it’s single-core or multi-core, the skin of the veins is covered with an insulating ball of PVC plastic. In addition, as an insulating material, the polymer is made of cross-linked polyethylene. The insulation thickness may meet the luminosity standards. For example, the insulating material that is installed in the apartment (voltage no more than 660 V, cross-section 1.5-2.5 mm 2) requires 0.6 mm. The insulating ball can be a little smaller, but not less than 0.44 mm.

4. Obolonka.

At the top, the insulated shells lived and were covered with shell. Their treasures are to be seized and captured. Vikonano shell is made of PVC plastic, polymer, and is rich in insulating materials. For example, a multi-core cable has a sheath thickness of 1.8 mm, a single-core cable - 1.4 mm. The totality may be a little less than the value of the values.

The shell is always in the mouth, intended for home vikoristan. Apparently it has a low tension and a flexible insulating ball. Only then will the conductor work properly, and the peace of mind will be zero.

5. Markuvannya.

Once the electrical wiring is done in Novobudovo, pay attention to what is written on the cable. Labeling will contain all the data so that you can select a specific virus. The writing can be done with a contrasting color or with more pressure, so that it can be clearly seen.

On the market, as well as in the electronic catalogue, there may not be information about the river of release, as well as about the plant. Standard marking looks like this: VVGng(ozh)-0.66 kV 3x1.5.

This means that in front of you is a three-core cable with a mid-length cross-section of 1.5 mm 2 single-core cores. Insulating ball, Vikonani shell with PVC plastic compound (VV), filament virib (G), non-flammable (ng), voltage - 660 V.

Important! The letter of the designation of the brand must begin with the material from which it was cut. Letter A means aluminum cable. For copper cables, the same letter is not specified. This means that all BBH brands are prepared from honey.

6. Color

Standard colors can be used: plain solid, or a 0.1 cm thickening is applied to the outer shell throughout the entire frame. They added that it is carried out in the back or in the overlay - which means that it is not made in a handicraft way and there is no guarantee of quality and safety there is no sign.

7. How does the packaging work?

The cable can be packaged in a bay or drum. The bays are being sold for sale. Drums - for wholesale. There is a label on the cable with the main characteristics of the device.

The cable for distributing electricity in Novobudovo bay is 100 meters long and comes straight from the tag. Unless they sell you a piece of cable or a tag, of course, no one will give it to you, but you can ask to see it.

8. Certification

The presence of the certificate confirms the quality of the product and that the cable is suitable for electrical installation work. In addition, there is a fire safety certificate. To become familiar with these documents, ask your consultant to give them to you. The documentation states that the conduct meets national standards of luminosity. Also, pay attention to the term of attribution, until the end of which you will lose every hour. Make sure that the documents contain technical equipment according to DSTU for wiring. This means that the product is clear.

9. External look.

What does a clear cable look like? Make sure that there are no dents, kinks, or any pressure - that’s all we can say about those that have defective wires. We may have lived in spite of each other, closed to each other. Obviously, it is not necessary to use such a circuit to install electrical wiring in a Novobudov apartment. Therefore, carefully look at the cable before you decide to buy it.

Recently, the electrical wiring in a private cabin was connected to an aluminum cable with a crossbar of 2.5 mm². And this was more than enough to connect a refrigerator, a washing machine, or a radio receiver.

However, the hour does not decrease, and with each passing day the number of household appliances in the household increases (air conditioners, electric ovens and ovens, boilers, autonomous heating boilers, etc.). In connection with this, the demand for electrical wiring is significantly increasing, which can lead to short circuits or problems.

Therefore, with a new household or new repair work, it is first necessary to install new electrical wiring in the private booth. For this you can hire professionals, or do all the work yourself.

Otherwise, it will be very interesting to read this article, the fragments in it will be a report describing the stages of electrical installation and presenting all the main features, recommendations and installation when installing this type of work.

The main stages of installing electrical wiring in a private or country house

Based on the extensive knowledge of our electrical installation robots, all robots can be divided into the following stages:

1. Folding electrical supply circuits (number and location of sockets, switches, lamps, etc.).
2. The most important place for installing the protective shield.
3. Laying out the frame, wall and subfloor for laying cable and conductor products and installing electrical outlets and separate boxes.
4. Drilling the walls under the electrical wiring.
5. Grilling the walls for installation of a splitter panel (with the internal panel installed).
6. Drilling of openings for installation of electrical outlets and distribution boxes.
7. Installation of routes for fastening corrugations (as the laying of cable and conductor products is enclosed in corrugations).
8. Laying cable and wire products.
9. Installation of electrical outlets and rough flaming of grooves.
10. Divided the separate boxes.
11. Installation of a ground loop.
12. Checking the grounding support of the mounted circuit.
13. Folding and installation of the shield.
14. Checking the functionality of all sockets and devices.
15. Installation and connection of sockets, lighting fixtures and lighting fixtures.

Let's take a closer look at the main stages so that the installation of electrical wiring in the booth can be clearly laid out and last at least 20-25 years (the very minimum term for the service of copper wiring).

Folding electrical circuits (project for placement of sockets and sockets)

In case of major repairs or major repairs, the first stage is the development of design and cost documentation. This could be handled by a specialized organization with a license. This option will not be considered; otherwise, submit a report describing the electrical installation with your own hands.

In our case, the project (electrical supply diagram) may depend on the installation of sockets, switches, household appliances, lighting devices, lighting panels and the method of laying wires (connections or outlets). Let's look at the main recommendations for developing an electricity supply plan.

Basic recommendations for creating electrical circuits for a private booth

1. All cable and conductor products, regardless of installation option, must be installed strictly vertically or horizontally.
2. Rotations of cables must be made strictly at 90°.
3. The minimum distance from cables to portals, windows and door openings should be less than 10-15 cm.
4. The optimal height from the level of the clean substrate until it becomes wet may become 90 cm (compliance with European standards).
5. The optimal height for socket groups is 30 cm above the surface of a clean surface (behind the sockets on the kitchen work surface, near the bathroom for connecting a hair dryer, razor, boiler, etc.).
6. It is recommended to place sockets on the sides of the couch or sofa.
7. In places where TVs are installed, the number of sockets is at least 4 pcs (2 pcs for the Internet and TV cable and 2 for connecting a TV and tuner).
8. For large corridors and rooms, it is recommended to install passageways.
9. All active components (air conditioners, electric stoves and ovens, boilers, hot water boilers, etc.) must be connected inclusively from the electrical panel with a nearby installed protector.
10. The optimal height for installing the floor shield is 1.5–1.7 m above the level of the clean substrate.
11. It is prohibited to lay cable and conductor products closer than 20 cm to the gas pipe.
12. All metal elements and sockets must be grounded.

Yaka zazvichiy wiring diagram for a private booth

Of course, the booths can be divided into one type of another, but the essence of the clear installation is approximately the same for all, and here it is:

1. On the façade there was an electric treatment station, before which the descent from the wind line was completed according to the construction method (for this part, the treatment unit is represented by the electrical organization).
2. In the garage or in any other installation location, there is a voltage stabilizer(s) and a power distribution panel or automation system that controls and transmits electricity through an input copper cable with a crossbar of 10–35 mm².
3. On the street where the police shield had been removed, a generator was installed, which powers the alarm system based on the centralized power supply.
4. On the skin side in the middle of the booth there is a large split panel installed, to which the cable is connected in parallel.
5. At the split shield, there is an EPV installed around the sockets in the skin room, automatic vimikars are installed around the EPV in the air conditioners, boilers, heating boilers and warm electrical systems.
6. All active members will be supplied with power from the distribution panel, into which the installation of the necessary protection elements (SZV) is transferred.
7. In each room, a separate box must be installed around the edge, into which the input cables, cable and conductor products, socket groups and lighting fixtures are then switched.

Important! When developing a power supply plan, it is necessary to ensure the type of lifeline. If you have a 3-phase circuit, then the input cable to the alarm box is 5 miles long; for single-phase power supply, the number of wires in the cable is 3.

Once you have decided on the scheme of living and installation of electrical accessories, you can proceed to laying out the premises.

In order to sign the placement marking you will need:

Next to the laser level (water level) and tape measure, this is the place for installing sockets and sockets. Further, using an additional level or a laser leveler, the olivets (embedding) are marked using strictly horizontal lines of descent from the frame to the sockets and devices for further gating.

With the help of a laser leveler, a place for laying cable-conductor products is marked on the wall for further installation, a fastener for corrugation and cable laying.

It is important to note that the installation site of the junction box must be arranged in such a way that the waste of cable and conductor products is minimal.

Important! When installing the frame, make sure that all the cables from the sockets and connectors and the input cables on the socket groups and light-colored lanyards will be placed in a separate box, so that when installing the corrugation fastener it is necessary to break through How many cables will go where?

After the installation of electrical installations, you can proceed to the walls. For which you will need either a cutter grinder (grinder) or a wall chaser with a saw cleaner (for chase without a saw):

The beginning must emerge from the depths of the groove. Acceptable: The cable is mounted on a corrugated cable with a diameter of 16 mm. In this case, the depth and width of the groove must be no less than 20 mm. The grooves are cut from behind like a jagged marking.

Important! It is prohibited to work grooves under the roof or to cut load-bearing structures (crossbars, walls, supports, floor slabs, etc.).

Also, at the stage of wall slitting, it is necessary to create an opening for installing an internal splitter panel. Its size should be contained in a number of modules. For most skin problems, a splitter panel with 24–36 modules is installed (suitable for a number of rooms and a number of household appliances).

Drilling the openings for electrical outlets and distribution boxes

Why do we need:

To drill the openings, turn on the “drilling + drilling” mode, insert the required crown and drill the required number of openings at the back of the designated places.

Important! When installing several sockets nearby, it is necessary to buy separate distribution boxes, apply them to the installation site and then drill open. In another case, you will not be able to install sockets with covers that are installed under one strip.

Installation of cable and wire products

Most often, with clear installation, all cable and conductor products are laid in corrugations. This gives additional protection to the cable, simplifies installation and allows for further replacement when the cable goes out of order without damaging the walls or damaging the wicker. It is also important to note that in 90% of cases the electrical wiring in the booth is done using a closed method (in grooves) and even rarely in cable ducts in a closed way.

What type of cable and wire products should you choose?

Here, of course, it is necessary to draw attention to the meaningless differences, but to be clear, I would like to point out:

1. To power the lighting, a 3x1.5 mm² cable (PVSng, VVGng ShVVPng) is required.
2. For the life of the socket group of the skin room, a cable of 3x2.5 mm².
3. To install residential air conditioners, a 3x2.5 mm² cable, if its tension is more than 5 kW, then the cable span must be increased to 4 mm².
4. To power an electric stove and oven, the cable span must be at least 4 mm².
5. For powering combustion boilers (electric), depending on the type of housing (single-phase or three-phase), the cable must be 4 mm2 to 35 mm2 (depending on pressure). In most cases, the cable exceeds the recommendations for cutting and the number of wires in the cable.

Important! When laying cable and conductor products, the skin socket group may be connected to the adjacent EPV (the EPV itself is consistent with any SNIP). There are also connections for the following machines:

• electrical heating systems;
• boilers;
• washing machines;
• electric stationary heaters;
• Kazan scorched;
• air conditioners;
• Dishwashers.

What type of input cable is it?

The input cable from the treatment unit to the booth must be insured according to the rating of the input machine (installed after the treatment unit). Also, in most cases, add 10-16 mm2 to the input cable for a 3-phase network and 16-70 mm2 for a 1-phase network.

Installation and separation of the distribution box

After installing cable and conductor products, you can install junction boxes at the back of the opening. For reliable fixation, it is necessary to set the alabaster, which will quickly collapse, after which the separation can be completed.

Separation is resolved in 3 ways:

Important! It is better to use the color marking of the cables (blue to blue, brown to brown, yellow-green to yellow-green). Make sure not to confuse the phase with the earth or the grounded ones. In this case, the brown (white) wire is phase, the blue (black) wire is zero, the yellow-green wire is earth.

Installation and folding of the spreader panel

After laying cable and conductor products, installation and connection of distribution boxes can begin before installing the electrical distribution panel.

How many modules do you need to install a shield on?

Electrical wiring in a private cabin requires installation of a shield on the skin in private cabins, cottages and dachas. In order to know how many modules are needed, it is first necessary to understand how many people will be alive. Let's look at the breakdown for the standard version, so that on this example we could install electrical wiring in the booth with our own hands.

Acceptable on your version:

1. 3 rooms.
2. Kitchen;
3. Corridor;
4. Boiler;
5. Pralna machine;
6. Underfloor heating system in 3 rooms and kitchens;
7. Electric stove;
8. 4 air conditioners.

Exiting from this in the separate shields you need to install:

1. 5 single-pole automatic switches for 10 A (lighting of 3 rooms, kitchen and corridor);
2. 14 pieces of EPV for 16 A (3 pieces of sockets in rooms, 1 piece of kitchen sockets, 1 piece of sockets in the corridor, 1 piece of boiler socket, 1 piece of washing machine socket, 3 pieces of heating system, 4 pieces of air conditioner);
3. 1 EPV for 25–32 A for connecting an electric stove.

Based on the resulting breakdowns, the number of occupied modules will be 35 pieces (30 modules will occupy 15 pieces of EPV and 5 modules of automatic machines). Then we will need a detachable shield for 36 modules. However, if you want to connect the interconnecting voltage or there will be more people, then the shield will need to be mounted on 48 modules.

After installing the distribution board, it is possible to install EPV and automatic circuit breakers. They can be easily mounted on a special DIN rail, as is standard with a shield.

Important! When the distribution board is turned off, the phase (brown) parts must go through the circuit breakers or the EPV, the zero (blue) ones will be collected on the zero bus and the yellow-green ones will also be connected on the 2nd zero bus).

Visnovok

Whether it’s electrical wiring in a country house or cottage, if installed correctly, it will allow you to safely operate your household appliances without worrying about what may result from a short circuit or fire.

It is also important to note that if the electrical wiring in the farmhouse is completely installed and connected to the grounding loop, it is necessary to test it with a megger and a device for checking the support of the grounding loop.

This article “Electrical wiring (electrical installation) in a private booth with your own hands: detailed description” allows you to complete electrical installation with your own hands, so it is best to entrust this work to professionals.

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