The name of the high bushes for the landscape. Compositions of trees and shrubs, built on a complex contrast of forms. How to arrange deciduous trees in landscape composition

Noticeably transformed country houses, cottages, villas. Territories that were recently allotted for vegetable gardens have now been replaced by flower beds, lawns, and lawns. Landscape composition gives the unique charm of home ownership and creates comfort. Coniferous trees began to occupy a special place in the modern exterior, most of which quite recently appeared in our country.

Basic design rules

Creating an original and unique exterior is not only the decoration of the site. Landscape composition is a whole art. To make your site look harmonious, you need to consider two main aspects:

• biological;
• engineering.

In other words, all beds, plantings, flower beds should be skillfully combined with the rest of the buildings. Stick to the same style.

Create a composition in landscape design is easy if you follow some recommendations:

1. Prepare the terrain. Think over and make a plan, placing all the elements on it: a house, trees, a bathhouse, bushes, flowerbeds.
2. More profitable look grouped plants than planted in a single version. But combine only those that do not interfere with the growth of each other.
3. Try to avoid straight strict lines in landscape design. Ordering is great. But strict adherence to symmetry will deprive the site of naturalness.
4. Initially, consider the additional components of your landscape design. These can be decorative elements (fountain, pond), original artistic details (paths, lamps).

Determine the balance you have chosen as the basis for building landscape composition. If you decide to adhere to symmetry, then you need to repeat the main elements in the mirror image. These can be flowerpots with flowers on either side of the track.

When choosing an asymmetric balance, it is assumed that the composition is uniform in relation to one object.

Creating a beautiful design

Significantly help create beautiful landscape composition scheme. You can use ready-made suggestions of designers. But some owners prefer to develop such schemes on their own.

To make your dacha design great and pleasing to the eye, follow these tips:

1. Suburban area should be the unity of space. This effect is easily achieved by repeating basic elements in different parts of the garden. The desired result can be achieved with a single color palette.
2. A simple landscape composition looks harmonious and natural. Beautiful design will create a smooth transition from one element to another.
3. Planted trees, given their height. Start with short, smoothly moving to high. This will create a depth effect on your site. In addition, visually your household will seem much more.
4. Respect proportionality. Do not place too bulky objects in a small space. And over a large area, small details will look somewhat disagree.

Deciduous plants

Beautiful landscape compositions must include various elements.

Deciduous plants in the summer will give a lot of green paint. In addition, they will emphasize the movement of time in your garden. In the winter, when the leaves fall from the trees, the dark trunk will contrast well with the snow-white snow. In the fall your garden will be enriched with scarlet and golden colors.

Coniferous trees

They keep their greens all year round. This should definitely take advantage. It is landscape compositions from coniferous trees   create a wide scope for creativity. These plants look great in winter. In addition, they are very unpretentious.

Evergreens

This is an original way to create an exclusive design option. Deciduous evergreens - holly, boxwood - use large polarity. They allow you to build a variety of hedges. From them it is possible to form topiary - certain sculptures that are formed thanks to curly hairstyle.

The combination of coniferous and deciduous plants in one composition

Such ready-made landscape compositions always look the most advantageous. But, unfortunately, not all plants get along well with each other. Therefore, combining various representatives of the plant world, should take into account their biological characteristics.

Some are able to hurt "rust." Such an attack can spread to other plants. Often ill shrubs should not be placed near. Because the risk of their infection is high.

Shrub placement

Landscape composition implies not only the presence of flowering plants. Shrubs and trees are very important in garden design. But it is necessary to arrange them correctly. This will give a semantic completeness of the composition.

Shrubs are often located around the perimeter, denoting the boundaries of rockeries, rock gardens. Sometimes they create landscape compositions from shrubs. In this case, they are the accents of the site. Plants and flowers are planted around them.

Types of landscape compositions

So, if you want to create a beautiful, well-kept garden, pay attention to coniferous plants. They have a charming look, exquisite forms and allow you to embody the most daring design solutions in virtually any area.

Ready-made landscape compositions, in which deciduous and coniferous plants are harmoniously combined, always look perfect.

And now we will consider how to make such design:

1. Pines, cypresses, spruces, junipers, thujas, fir trees are evergreens that look favorably in the very center of your backyard. In this case, they form coniferous sculptures. They can be placed on the border area.
2.   picturesquely combined with roses, heather, rhododendrons, deciduous plants. Such details will bring to the design a certain contrast and brightness. They perfectly alter the seasonal garden design. Try to avoid birch and bird cherry. These trees rather negatively affect the needles.
3. Perfectly look ready landscape compositions from coniferous trees of the pyramidal form. If you have at least a small creative abilities, you can create from them excellent geometric shapes, tiers, columns, spirals, intricate alleys. Figured trimmed trees can be divided into certain areas of space. Such details perfectly decorate small ponds, stone hills. They look great on the differences of relief, colorfully complement rock gardens.
4. Do not forget that your landscape design of coniferous vegetation should please volumetric structures and their coloristic pictures at any time. Therefore, when creating a composition, combine various forms, textures and colors of coniferous trees.
5. In landscape design must be present accent trees and shrubs. Experts advise choosing winter-hardy varieties. They will delight their stability all year round. For the second plan more suitable vegetation, which has a spreading crown. Completing the composition should be weaving low-growing plants.
6. When placing shrubs and trees, try to emphasize the lines of the site. Plant them in areas where the appearance, the original form will only add refinement to the relief. They should perfectly emphasize the contours of structures and structures on the landscape, match the configuration of the tracks and other objects. Trees and shrubs look great when placed near the entrance to the house.
7. Harmoniously combined tall vegetation, located near the garden stairs and retaining walls. In this case, shrubs and trees are an excellent complement to landscape design.
8. A great place for planting vegetation are the bends of paths and a fork. Often trees are placed near recreation areas and gazebos. In this case, not only the aesthetic goal is pursued, but also the necessary shadow is created in the hot season.
9. A great option, according to the designers, is to place shrubs and trees in flower beds. You can plant them next to the flower beds.

Conclusion

No beautiful farmland   can not do without decorations created by caring hands of owners in the form of landscape compositions. Decorative design   can be made up of conifers and leafy plantsshrubs. But the most attractive and harmonious option is their combination.

A garden without deciduous trees and shrubs will look monotonous. From early spring to late autumn it is they who give the surrounding landscape a unique charm and lightness. Therefore, to create compositions of deciduous plants using different types and varieties of trees and shrubs.

Which deciduous trees and shrubs are most suitable for landscape composition

According to the degree of decoration, several groups of plants can be distinguished:

• decorative leaf veinswhich are distinguished either by the beautiful shape of the crown, or by unusual foliage (carved, palmate, etc.), or by its constantly bright color or only in the autumn period;
• decorative color ushchithat cause a feeling of admiration during the period of their mass flowering or possess an unforgettable aroma;
• ornamental during fruiting, even if the fruits are inedible.

To the first group   can be attributed as tall trees and more stunted, as well as shrubs. AT middle lane   Russia in the landscape uses both the species of deciduous trees available on the site, as well as those promising not only in terms of creating landscape compositions, but also resistance to climatic conditions and their simplicity:

• karelian birch;
• hanging birch;
• pedunculate oak;
• linden;
• ash;
• field maple;
• yellow-leaved maple;
• norway maple;
• platanova maple;
• horse chestnut;
• weeping willow;
• purple willow;
• the sucker is silvery;
• thunberg barberry;
• bladder feminine;
• cotoneaster brilliant;
• white turf;
• bird virgin.

To the second group   mainly include stunted trees and flowering shrubswhich will be a real decoration of the garden. Some of them have a long flowering period, while others differ even by repeated flowering:

• buddleya david;
• elderberry red;
• weigela;
• hydrangea;
• jasmine;
• honeysuckle honeysuckle;
• kampsis;
• mahonia;
• lilac;
• spirea;
• forsythia

Depending on the predilection of the garden owner and the landscape designer's fantasy, it is possible to harmoniously fit any fruit tree into the foliage composition created or use it in a single group. For example, many varietal types of cherries are decorative in themselves at any time of the year. If the present fruit tree does not fit into the design of your garden, then in the third group   You can include decorative (Nedzwetskogo, Siebold or Sargent Japanese) or columnar species of apple trees.

Such trees as ordinary mountain ash, viburnum or bird cherry, cherry felt, Japanese quince (henomeles) seem to be specially created for decorating the garden, as they can be attributed to any of the three groups of deciduous trees.

Popular evergreen deciduous and exotic ornamental plants in our climate zone are subject to freezing, and therefore an additional set of preparations for the winter period is required. But sometimes it is difficult to resist, so as not to try to create such leafy plants in your garden as:

• boxwood;
• medlar Japanese;
• rhododendron;
• lyriodendron (tulip tree);
• lankaran acacia (albition);
• catalpa;
• laburnum (“Golden rain”);
• maclura apple cone;
• paulownia felt.

How to arrange deciduous trees in landscape composition

Deciduous trees and shrubs are successfully combined both in “clean” compositions, and in a group with conifers and other ornamental plants. They are indispensable for creating gardens of natural and landscape style of any kind. But in order for such a group of plants to become an ornament to the landscape, it is important to observe certain principles in its creation — this is proportionality and proportionality, symmetry and asymmetry, verticality and horizontal position, as well as the rhythm of the landscape.

1. The location and boundaries of the composition must comply with the general style of landscape design of the site.

2. It should not be in the same composition to use too many plants of different height, crown shape, foliage color. The whole group should be harmonious both in itself and with the surrounding landscape.

3. If the composition is small in area, then there should not be more than 3 representatives of trees in it, in the middle - 4-7, large - 8-15, and only in especially large groups more than 15 trees and shrubs are permissible.

4. In any composition should be dominant, which obey the rest of the plants in this group. It can be either the highest specimen, or of unusual shape, or the most decorative in other parameters.

5. You should not combine wild plants with garden (varietal), as well as different requirements for the conditions for their growth and development.

6. When planting deciduous plants in the composition, one should maintain the distance between them with the prospect: between small shrubs 0.5-0.8 m, for medium-growing ones - not less than 1 m, between tall trees - 1-1.5 m.

7. In group compositions should not allow sorting plants with dark purple or burgundy foliage, because such a group will look depressing or annoying, and an excess of yellow leaves will constantly remind of the "dull pore". They should not be more than 1-3 (depending on the size of the composition) and should be placed in the foreground.

If the composition is composed according to all the rules, then at any time of the year it will be attractive to the eye and harmonious with the surrounding landscape. It is difficult for a non-professional to achieve such a result, since for this you need to take into account many factors and laws of landscape design.