Planting apple trees in spring in Leningrad. When is it better to plant apples in spring or autumn? At what distance to plant apple trees

Apple trees can be planted in autumn and spring. However, spring planting of an apple tree is preferable, since during autumn plantings there may be a freezing of the tree during the winter. It is especially important for novice gardeners, not only to pick the right sort of apple, but also to plant a seedling correctly. In this article we will explain how to plant an apple tree in the spring.

Choosing a place for planting an apple tree

Before planting fruit, it is necessary to choose the most suitable place for them on the site. There are a few rules to follow.

Have a garden in the lighted areas.
Do not plant apple trees near large trees (if your site is bordered by forest)
Choose a sublime place for an apple orchard (in lowlands fruit trees freeze over)
If you have a swampy area or close groundwater, plant a garden on the hills.
Calculate in advance the area for the garden. Apple trees should be planted in one place, and not “scattered” in different corners of the plot.

Landing pit preparation

A landing pit for spring planting of apple seedlings is prepared, as a rule, in the fall. At this time, the gardener doesn’t have much to do and you can allocate more time to finding a place, marking the area for the garden, choosing the right varieties. The soil is cultivated. Remove weeds and rhizomes of perennial weeds. During the winter, the land in the landing pit will settle and thicken.

In the first year in the landing pit do not need to make organic!

Is it possible to prepare landing pits in spring?

Planting pits can be prepared in the spring, but then they must last at least 5-6 weeks. So usually plant fruit seedlings with a closed root system.

In addition to the landing pit, you need to prepare a support for the seedling. A stake must be buried 50-60 cm from ground level. A stake is driven into a hole before planting a tree!

Remember! Supports for apple trees on dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks are required throughout the life of the tree.

The distance between the seedlings and the depth of planting holes, depending on the stock

For tall trees on the seed stock the distance between seedlings should be 5-6 meters. Depth of a landing hole is 90 cm.
For medium and semi-dwarf trees, the distance between seedlings can be 3 meters. Depth of the landing pit - 50 cm.
For apple seedlings on dwarf rootstocks, the distance between the trees is 1-1.5 meters. The depth of the pit is about 40 cm.

Inexperienced gardeners often think that very long distances are maintained between young saplings and they tend to plant trees more densely - this is a big mistake. Over the years, the trees will grow, their crowns will close, they will not have enough light, the trees will start a war for space and nutrients.

Plant a garden right away. Then he will thank you for a good harvest.

Planting apple seedlings

We already told earlier. A good, healthy seedling is half the success. The second important condition - the correct fit.

In the spring, when planting an apple tree in a prepared pit, you do not need to dig a deep pit. Make a hole only to the depth of the roots of the seedling.

Before planting an apple tree seedling, it is advisable to soak in a solution that improves root formation (roots). Cut all crushed, rotten and damaged roots. Place the seedling in the hole so that the root neck of the plant is strictly at the soil level or slightly higher.

When the root collar is deepened, the tree may die. Do not confuse the root neck and vaccination site!

Old gardeners argue that the orientation of the seedling to the cardinal points does not really matter. More important is the depth of planting seedlings!

Pour the seedling roots with earth and slightly compact the soil. Spill the soil well, so that the roots do not leave voids with air. If necessary, add soil to the well. Bark the landing pit. This will reduce the amount of weeds and the soil will not dry out quickly.

Tie up the seedling to the support. Be sure to immediately upon planting hang a tag with the name of the variety and the date of planting the tree. Do not forget about 1 year of life.

When planting several apple seedlings, consider top grades for pollination. Remember that some varieties of apple trees are self-fruitless and they should definitely be planted next to the corresponding pollinator.

Video Planting Apple Sapling

Care for young apple seedlings

The seedling requires care and after planting. Timely watering, removal of weeds in the circle of trunks, mulching and crown formation, pest and disease control are all necessary activities for a young garden.

Apple tree - one of the most popular fruit trees on the summer cottage. Having bought several varietal seedlings you can turn the backyard into a real orchard. Despite the fact that the tree is unpretentious, many beginning gardeners can not decide on the time of planting, fearing that the seedling, rooted in the fall, will die from cold weather. However, professionals are convinced that the specimens planted in the run-up to winter are more hardy and take root better. When to plant apples at their summer cottage? It is recommended to consider the features of landing at different times of the year and choose the most suitable option.

When is it best to plant apples in open ground?

Planting time depends largely on the climatic characteristics of the region, so residents of the southern regions prefer to plant in the fall without fear of freezing of seedlings. In general, the apple tree is a hardy and resistant plant, knowing how to provide further care, you can plant a seedling on the site in spring, autumn and even in summer.

Features of autumn planting apple

Answering the question when it is better to plant apples, experts, without hesitation, recommend autumn. Pros and cons of pre-winter landing:

a properly planted seedling will take root well before the onset of frost, will get stronger during the winter and will start to grow with the arrival of warm spring days;
“Autumn” seedlings are much tougher, have strong immunity, they are no longer afraid of spring frosts;
in spring, with the melting of snow, the plants will receive a large amount of moisture and, accordingly, nutrients;
for the winter, young seedlings will need to be safely covered with spruce leaves and mulched the soil with mowed grass or peat so that the roots and shoots are not affected by frost.

Most favorable time for planting in the fall - from September 25 to October 20. Autumn comes to every region different timetherefore, the gardener is recommended to focus on leaf fall, as soon as it passes, you can plan the land works. To safely take root, an apple tree will need 15-25 days of good weather without frost.

Features of spring planting apple

When to plant apple trees in spring? Planting apple trees plan only after the earth warmed up well. As a rule, land works begin on April 20th and may continue until mid-May. Pros and cons of landing in the spring:

rooting the seedling in the spring, the gardener may not be afraid that the plant will suffer from the winter cold, a healthy apple tree will soon start growing;
when planting in spring, the plants will need to be plentiful and often watered, since successful rooting need a lot of moisture.
spring is not easy to find quality planting materialbesides, at this time it costs a little more.

When planting in the spring the main problem of the gardener will be to maintain soil moisture at the proper level. In order for the roots to be saturated with moisture, it is recommended to hold them in a bucket of water for 24 hours before planting in a hole. After planting, it is necessary to mumble the okolostvolny circle with humus or dry grass, this will not only prevent the top layer of the soil from drying out, but also protect it from excessive growth of weeds.

Features of summer planting apple

Answering the question when it is better to plant apples hardly any experienced gardener will recommend the summer months. But sometimes there are such situations that the tree must be urgently rooted or transplanted to another place. Summer planting is dangerous because the plant will not be able to get enough moisture and nutrients. After planting, it is recommended to plant a seedling at noon, regularly moisten the soil and apply low-concentration mineral fertilizers. Be sure to mumble the near-stem circle with humus, compost, or mowed grass.

Does the choice of planting time depend on the age of the apple tree?

Deciding when to plant apples, you should take into account the age of the tree. Even very young plants germinated from seeds are suitable for planting in the spring. Over the summer, they will have time to get stronger and endure the upcoming winter.

In the fall, trees are planted at the age of 1-2 years and a little older. Their root system already mature enough and quickly adapting to new conditions. Sometimes there is a need to transplant adult specimens, which are 3-5 years old, in this case it is necessary to give preference to planting carried out in late autumn or even in winter. A tree that is in a state of rest will better shift place changes, and the chances of survival will be much higher.

How to plant an apple tree?

Planting an apple is a slow process and will require some knowledge and skill from the gardener. Regardless of what time of year the tree is planted, the planting pit should be prepared well in advance (at least 4–5 weeks). A pit for planting is dug up in the size of 50x50x70 cm, where 70 cm is the depth. A durable wooden peg is driven into the center, its diameter must be at least 5 cm. It is necessary that it rise above the ground level by 45 cm. In order to prevent rotting of the lower part, it is fired.

If the seedling is planted not earlier than in a month and a half, organic and mineral fertilizers can be applied to the ground, during which time they will have time to partially decompose and will not cause a burn of the root system.

The following quantity is necessary for one landing hole:

humus, compost or peat - 20–30 kg (depending on how depleted the soil is on the site),
wood ash - 200–250 g,
superphosphate - 200–300 g,
potassium sulfate - 100-125 g

Having carefully mixed the fertilizer with garden soil, the pit is filled with the mixture obtained; the plot will remain in this condition until the planting day.

If the land at the site is sufficiently dense and heavy, then a drainage from broken bricks, small stones, crumpled cans or nails is placed at the bottom of the landing pit.

At the appointed time, a small hole is made in the soil, and black soil is poured at the bottom, erecting a small mound. The roots of the seedling are carefully inspected, pruned dried or rotted, and then placed in the hole, carefully spreading the root system along the embankment. It is important to plant the plant in such a way that the root neck rises above the ground at a level of 5 cm. If it is located lower, the apple tree will not take root for a long time and its fruit will be irregular afterwards. Having landed higher, the tree will suffer from a lack of moisture. During planting, the ground is poured into the hole in small portions, carefully sealing each layer so that there are no air cavities left. Having landed a sapling, he is tied up to a hammered peg with the help of a twine. The loop should be free, in the form of the "eight", this is done so that the seedling does not settle down and does not suffer from the gusts of a strong wind. Next, the near-stem circle is well moistened (3 buckets of water are needed) and the soil is mulched (about 5 cm layer).

Further care of the apple tree depends on the time of planting. So, rooting a sapling in spring or summer will require frequent watering. In the autumn, on the eve of frosts, it will be necessary to increase the layer of mulch to 20 cm, and in regions with a harsh climate, arrange additional shelter of spruce, rags or agrofibre.

When is it best to plant apples in spring or on the threshold of winter? Each gardener determines himself. If you comply with the planting technology, the sapling will take root well at any time of the year, and in a few years will delight you with tasty and fragrant fruits.

Video how to plant an apple tree

Tasty, fragrant apples from their own garden - this is not the best treat imaginable. The fruits are characterized by a rich composition of vitamins and minerals. You can store them until the onset of spring. You can eat raw, bake pies or make juices. Planting apple trees is not a difficult process, if you understand some of the intricacies.

Terrain

Fruit trees will delight the harvest for more than one year. That is why carefully examine the place where you plan to break the garden. The site should be well ventilated. If the site is located in the lowlands, where water drainage is difficult, it is better to abandon the landing of the usual tall varieties. Ideal land plots, which are located on a small slope. Apple trees are planted where the groundwater level is below 2.2 m from the surface. If the roots of the tree are reached, the growth stops due to lack of oxygen.

This culture loves the sun, so it’s best to highlight the north side for trees. With time apple orchard will grow as well right choice its location will have a positive effect on the cultivation of other crops.

Estimated varieties

The apple fruit period is different. If the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot is small, it is advised to plant 2 trees of a winter variety (crops are harvested from mid-September to late October), 2-3 trees of summer and autumn varieties (harvest, respectively, from mid-July to mid-August and from early August to mid-September) . The most dangerous disease of the tree is scab. Currently, varieties that are genetically resistant to pests and microorganisms are bred, and the crop is almost always preserved. Such trees do not need additional treatment with chemicals.

Summer varieties of apple trees include Lungwort, Pear, Papirovka (White filling), Melba. Autumn varieties - Zhigulevskoe, Oryol striped and Cinnamon striped, Sinap Orlovsky. Winter - Pepin Saffron, Asterisk, Antonovka.

When to plant apple trees

You can start the breakdown of the garden in spring or autumn. Much depends on the area in which the site is located. In the north and east, fruit trees planted in spring take better root. Where winters are too harsh, it is difficult for young trees to adapt to new conditions. Apple trees are planted in the Moscow region (in the middle lane) in early spring (literally in the first days of garden workuntil the kidneys are swollen) and in the fall (second half of September). Preferred will be the last option. Young trees that successfully wintered, well tempered, less susceptible to disease, take root faster. Planting an apple in the fall is also welcome in the southern regions.

Land preparation

Depending on the region, the composition of the soil varies. Apple trees can not be called too demanding and capricious trees, but preliminary land preparation is necessary.

In tall species, roots grow in diameter up to 12 m. Ideally, dig the soil in advance, preparing it for planting a tree. A few days before that, the ground is watered abundantly so that at the time of loosening it is slightly damp and not too dry. Planting an apple in the fall will be performed flawlessly if the acidity of the soil is neutral. The tree is guaranteed excellent growth, development and fruiting in such conditions.

If the soil is clay, then they dig up the top layer to a depth of 50 cm and make a mixture of the following components: 13 kg of humus, 0.5 kg of lime, 14 kg of sawdust, 45-50 kg of sand, 60 g of superphosphate and potassium fertilizer. In advance, you can plant lupine or mustard on the plot: this will saturate the soil with the necessary trace elements. Sandy soil is prepared in a similar way, only clay is used instead of sand. It is desirable to carry out the processing a year before the intended planting of trees.

Land plots near peatlands are characterized by the presence of increased moisture in the soil. Apple planting can only be done after pre-treatment. When the peat layer is small, it is enough to dig up the soil by 20 cm, introducing a mixture of 50 g of potash fertilizer, 100 g of phosphate, 2 kg of manure and 700 g of lime (the recipe is for 1 m 2). When a layer of peat in the soil exceeds 35 cm, the earth is dug up with sand at the rate of 3.5 cubic meters per 100 m 2.

Preparation of pits

Before work is necessary to prepare a place. Pit for planting an apple tree: length and width -75-115 cm, depth - 70-75 cm. Scheme - 4.5 * 6.2 m. Fertile topsoil is carefully folded next to the recess, lower (clay) - on the other side . No matter what time of year it is planned to plant an apple tree, they dig a hole in the fall. Site preparation is carried out 2-3 weeks before rooting of seedlings. A wooden stake is driven into the center of the recess, the height of which does not reach the crown of the trees and is 1.2-1.4 m.

A week before planting trees, the pit is filled with a fertile composition of a humus bucket, 100 g of potassium chloride, 1 kg of wood ash and 650 g of superphosphate. For better interaction, fertilizers are advised in advance to mix with the ground left over when digging a well. A small mound is formed around the cola.

Selection of seedlings

Experienced Gardeners they know that the success of the whole event depends on the quality of the planting material. Carefully inspect young saplings before buying and rooting. For example, those considered to be unsuitable are those with pronounced root cancer or root growth, frozen bark or dried roots, a lot of aphids. If planting of apple-tree seedlings is planned, but the freezing of wood was suddenly found out, despite the fact that the bark is quite healthy, you can ignore this lack of attention.

It often happens that the roots of purchased seedlings slightly dry up. They can be restored by cutting and submerging the tree for a few days.

Landing

Immediately choose a reliable assistant who will hedge and hold the tree. Planting apples is a crucial process when everything needs to be done correctly. First, dip the roots of the tree in a fertile mixture prepared from water, humus and soil, taken equally. Place the seedling on the hill near the stake, gently spread the roots.

To the height of your palm, cover the pit with barren soil left over by digging. Next, fill the well with good earth. The root neck of a seedling rises about 5-6 cm above the soil level. Seal the ground with a sole of a shoe, put a small tubercle around the pit and form a hole. Landing is complete.

Now the tree needs watering. Immediately after planting, fill the hole with water (2 buckets) and after soaking up, pour the place with humus or peat. Seedling neatly tied to a peg, not too tight.

After 3 weeks it is recommended to repeat the watering and loosen the ground around. If the planting is done in spring, then the soil is abundantly moistened every 20-25 days, using 2-3 buckets of water.

Planting Apple-Collars

Features of growing such varieties associated with the shape of the crown. For planting of the apple-shaped apple trees prepare grooves, the width and depth of which does not exceed 40-45 cm. If tall trees eventually form a large crown and they need to be located at a distance of 5 m from each other, then the columnar apple trees are planted every 45 cm (90-100 cm left between the rows). Their branches grow up and they do not interfere with each other's fruit, do not close the light.

Saplings of columnar apple trees take root much easier and start to bear fruit very quickly. Experienced gardeners know that the tree must first develop the root system and grow strong. In the first year the flowers are cut off, in the second year they leave a few. If there is a doubt that the flowering period is too stormy, you can remove some flowers and young apples - this will only improve the quality of the harvest.

Planting Dwarf Apple Trees

It used to be that it was possible to break up a garden on a plot only if there was enough space for that. Indeed, tall trees can bear fruit only on the condition that they are located at some distance from each other. With the advent of apple trees grafted on dwarf rootstocks, problems with the allocation of free space has become much less. Moreover, such trees are pleased with the crop already for 2-3 years after planting (tall varieties begin to bear fruit for 7-8 years).

And one more important point. Planting apple varieties of ordinary varieties is carried out only in areas with a certain level of groundwater occurrence. Dwarf trees have a root system that is concentrated in the surface layer of the soil, not deeper than 1 m. That is, the proximity of groundwater is not terrible, but you need to constantly take care of the timely watering of the crop.

On the site should choose the most lighted and protected from the wind place. Most often, apple trees on dwarf rootstocks are planted near the house or near the fence (if there are no neighbors, an angular area, for example). The dimensions of the landing pit for wood on semi-dwarf rootstocks are 90 * 45 cm (scheme - 3.5 * 5), for dwarf - 85 * 45 cm (scheme - 1.6 * 4).

Choose the option that fits your site. Soon the trees will surely delight you with a rich harvest!

With the acquisition of a country site, every gardener has a desire to have a luxurious apple orchard. In this regard, there are numerous questions about the choice of seedlings, about their competent planting and about when to plant apples in the suburbs. In addition, not all varieties can take root in the seasonal conditions of the northern region of Russia. Fertility and well-being of the future depends on the correct solution of these issues.

Choose a season for planting apple trees

There are various opinions about when it is better to plant apples in spring or autumn. It depends on the local climate, on the selected variety, on the state of the root system and on weather conditions.

A sapling grown and kept in the right conditions until the time of sale can take root both in spring and in autumn. The main thing is to plant an apple tree before frost in the autumn period - from the end of September to mid-October. If the seedlings are purchased later, then it is better to wait for spring, otherwise the culture will not have time to settle down and will freeze out.

An important aspect when planting is the tranquility of a tree without leaves. In this state, the plant does not lose moisture, its branches do not shrink. In addition, soil conditions are important, restoring the roots of the seedling. This requires the rainy season, which comes in with the onset of autumn. In the case of transfer of planting apple trees in the spring should be carried out activities without waiting for the buds and the appearance of dirt in the soil. To avoid unnecessary man-hours, it is necessary to prepare the seats in advance.

Categories of apple trees for the Moscow region

If you decide on when to plant apples in the suburbs, it remains to choose suitable varieties. The climate in the Moscow region, located in the northern part of Russia, is rather severe, so the southern varieties will not give the desired growth and yield. Winter-hardy varieties will bear fruit well in this region. Also, apple trees differ in fruiting time. There are trees that bear fruit in the summer, there are those that bring harvest in the fall.

For the summer is "pear", "candy", "medunitsa", "Chinese golden" and others. Late-autumn varieties, such as "Zhigulevskoe", new "," streyfling ", characterized by high yields, large fruits, juicy sour-sweet taste. The most famous winter variety of apples - Antonovka.

Based on the maturity of the fruit and the desire to have apples year round, it is reasonable to plant at least two trees of each category of fruiting.

Planting apple trees in spring

On the question of when it is better to plant apples - in spring or autumn, many gardeners think. Those who decided to plant trees in the first half of the year should do this before the onset of the thaw. When late landing roots are poorly restored, the plant is stunted and sick for a long time. Young leaves burn under the action of the May sun, and the tree withers. For spring planting, the best age of seedlings is no more than 3 years. During the period when apple trees are planted in spring, the ground should warm up. To check this, it is enough to dig the soil with a shovel. If the bayonet easily entered the ground, you can begin landing work.

Before planting, dig a hole and place a peg in the middle of the bottom that the seedling will support. At the bottom of the pit pours fertilizer composition, then placed a tree, dropping and tied up. At this time, the sapling needs watering and constant care. Due to the lack of moisture, the root system will weaken and the function of the fruit-bearing part will be impaired.

Planting apple trees in the fall

Specialists will help you decide when it is better to plant apples in spring or autumn.

Autumn planting of apple seedlings is preferable because it is at rest and gets used to the new conditions. For a safe growth and a large volume of the crop, it is necessary to find out when it is better to plant an apple tree in the autumn. Many gardeners recommend choosing a time before the start of frost. The best option is September - early October. If the forecast promises a dry and harsh autumn, then with the landing it is better to wait until spring.

In the autumn period, the seedling should be placed in a place protected from the wind. The apple tree loves to live in loamy soil containing peat, to which it is necessary to add sand and compost. We place the tree on the north side of the peg and fill the roots with earth. Watering the sapling with several buckets of water, pouring some more earth as it settles. Repeat watering after a week and tie up the tree. For the winter, the young seedling should be wrapped with a thick cloth, protecting it from rodents.

A good harvest depends on the purchased planting material. Therefore, you should carefully choose sprouts of apple trees.

When buying an apple tree, pay attention to the roots, which should not be dry. Do not take planting material brought from the south. It is not adapted to the conditions of the Moscow region and will constantly freeze over, and may die in a harsh winter.

It is better to purchase trees in the local nursery, which they will dig at you. The main thing is that the seedling was young, then it will quickly take root on the site. To keep the roots, before transporting them need to be wrapped in wet paper, and then in a film of polyethylene.

Saplings in containers

Carefully inspect the trees in containers. If they are really grown in them, then growing young roots should be visible through the drainage outlets. It will be the best choiceAfter all, if the sapling is grown in the local region, it means that it was planted with a seed and managed to adapt. In addition, such a plant is grafted and will begin to bear fruit quickly. These trees do not need time to take root, so no doubt when it is better to plant apples in spring or autumn will not arise. They can be replanted at any time.

The seat should be chosen without haste, as the apple tree is planted not for a short time, but for many years.

Preparing a landing site

When choosing seat You should pay attention to the presence of other plants outside the territory of the site that can protect the apple trees from the north wind. It is not necessary to plant the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe garden with trees, otherwise in a few years the house will plunge into a solid shadow and grow over with grass. The perimeter of the plot will tell you how to plant apple trees. Often they are located along the border area, retreating to 4 meters and avoiding the south side.

If you decide to plant seedlings in the spring, then the place should be prepared in autumn. The clay soil does not allow water to pass through; therefore, such a pit cannot be done. In this case, it is necessary to raise the surface level by 80 cm, thereby creating a hill. It may consist of a compost pile, sprinkled with peat or sand.

The presence of groundwater in the surface layers of the earth will also prevent planting. In such a situation, it is necessary to force the central root to branch along the upper layer of the earth. To do this, out of the broken bricks or stones creates an obstacle at the bottom of the planting pit. Do not forget to specify at what distance to plant the apple trees, so that the roots do not interfere with each other.

Proper planting of apple seedlings

Before planting a tree, it is necessary to hold its roots in the water for about three hours. After planting, do not trample down the ground around the apple tree with your feet; by this, you block the air supply to the roots. It is better to pour the soil gradually as it is watered, so it spreads the roots evenly and provides free air penetration to the air.

To seedling fell from gusts of strong wind, it should be tied up. The most reliable way is the construction of three stakes.

At what distance to plant the apple tree depends on what size the tree will be in a few years. Seedlings of vigorous varieties planted through 4 meters. The next row is created after 6 meters. 3 meters with enough height with a width of aisle of 5 meters.

Properly planted tree in a few years will bring juicy and sweet fruit. And throughout life will be pleased with a bountiful harvest of fragrant and healthy apples.

If your immediate plans are connected with planting an apple orchard and you dream of growing healthy and giving you generous fruiting, then this is the article for you. In it you will learn how to plant an apple tree seedling in your backyard.

Selection of seedlings

First of all, pay attention to the variety of apple. It is advisable to choose one that can easily settle down and grow precisely in your climatic conditions.

By the time of ripening, the following three groups of varieties are distinguished:

summer The period of active fruiting occurs in August. Fruits are usually stored for a week. Representatives: Medunitsa, White filling.
autumn. Fruit ripening - in the first days of September. Stored no more than a month. Popular representatives - Korean, Melba, Cinnamon striped.
winter Fruits in the last days of September and perfectly preserved for six months. These seedlings are perfect for those who live in the regions with hot summer and warm autumn. Representatives - Bogatyr, Antonovka, Welsey.

The choice of place of purchase should also be taken seriously. It is better to purchase from those garden organizations or nurseries that are located in your area. You can select several companies at once, study their reputation, customer reviews, and only then opt for someone specifically.

vigorous trees. Their height does not exceed 8 meters, and the root system has rather deep roots. Suitable for land where groundwater lies at a depth of more than 3 meters;
semi-dwarf. The height of the trees is up to 5 meters. It will be an excellent choice for the dacha, where the groundwater is located no deeper than 2.5 meters;
dwarf. The height of such varieties does not exceed 2.5 meters. It will be the best option for owners of sites with groundwater flowing near the surface at a depth of 1.5 meters.

When buying young stock, it is advisable to focus on the level of groundwater in the place where this tree will grow. After all, if the flow depth is lower than the root system of a tree can reach, it will be frail, often sick and rarely bear fruit.

Carefully and meticulously inspect each sample, paying attention even to small defects, because there are no trifles in this matter.

Remember that the suitable age for landing is 1.5-2 years. The younger it is, the faster and better it will take root in your garden and the less time it will be adapted. Determine the age you can own. If the tree has no developed branches - you get a one-year-old. At the same time, the two-year-old has already several additional branches located at an angle from 45 to 90 degrees.

Inspect carefully the condition of the stem and the root system of the plant. There should be no damage. The stem under the bark should be a healthy light green color. This can be easily checked if the nail is slightly peeled off the bark. The roots must be resilient and wet, and in no case brittle or rotten. It is not recommended to purchase large specimens, as a rule, in most cases their roots are significantly damaged. Such an apple tree gets accustomed and often hurts. Caring for her requires considerable effort.

Acquired seedlings should be stored in a cool place, after wrapping them in polyethylene with vents made.

How to choose apple seedlings (video)

This video will show how to choose the right apple seedlings.

Landing stages

Know that planting apple seedlings is not recommended if the soil in the area is marshy, rocky or gravel. It is necessary that the soil easily absorbs water and air. It is important and the passage of groundwater. The optimum depth will be no deeper than 200 centimeters. When planning to plant an apple orchard, note that it is necessary to keep at least 3 meters between the trees, and between the rows - all 6 meters.

Landing consists of two stages: the preparation of the "house" and placement in a hole. Let us consider in detail how to properly prepare for these stages.

It is advisable to create a pit for the seedling a month before planting (in early spring). It should be in the place you have chosen to dig a deepening rounded shape, a depth of 70 centimeters, and a diameter of not more than 100 centimeters. The walls of the pit should be steep. The upper fertile layer set aside from the rest of the soil - this land is still useful. In the center of the pit, hammer a stake with a diameter of at least 5 cm, and the length should be such that it protrudes at least 40 cm from the pit. To the bottom of the wooden stake, immersed in the ground, not rotted, it should be pre-burn.

Mix the fertile layer with peat, humus, compost and add the necessary organic fertilizers. If the soil on your site is clay, then you can add a little more sand. The resulting fertile mixture should fill the hole to the very top, so that a small mound is located above the surface. Such a hill is necessary so that after the shrinkage of the soil the tree is not in the funnel. Since the pit is prepared in advance, for a month, then there is the opportunity to see in advance how much the earth has settled. The soil that remains can be used to form a small shaft around the pit.

Preparing for landing

If you have a predominantly clayey soil, you need to dig a hole deeper than 70 centimeters. At its bottom, you need to lay a layer of stones or gravel - it will drain. It will provide the root system of the plant for several years with an air supply and additional nutrition. If the drainage layer is not done, then the pit should be wide, up to 4 meters deep. Such depth contributes to the fact that in the fall during heavy rains the water will not stagnate in the pit and will not cause disturbances in the process of formation of the root system.

In the event that you have sandy soil, instead of drainage it is necessary to form a special layer of clay or silt at the bottom of the pit that will hold water.

It so happens that the groundwater is located very close to the surface, just 1.5 meters away. Then you don’t have to dig a deep hole. It will be enough just to dig and fertilize the soil, and then place the roots in a small depression, sprinkled with earth.

If the groundwater is closer than 1.5 meters from the surface, you will have to plant a seedling not in a hole, but in a specially built hill up to 1.5 meters high.

As soon as the preparation of the pit is completed, we proceed to the landing. As a rule, it is carried out in the spring, when the buds have not yet had time to blossom, or in late autumn, when the foliage has already completely faded.

Pit formation for planting

Before planting, once again carefully inspect the status of the root system. If you find damaged and diseased roots, they must be cut to healthy. In that case, if the root system is very dry, the roots must be held for two days in warm water. Immediately before lowering into the pit, immerse the roots in a special mixture of mullein and clay.

If you plant dwarf apple trees, try to keep their bare roots as small as possible in the air. If you hesitate a little, it will cause them to dry quickly and the survival process will be significantly complicated.

Placement of seedlings

Depending on the size of the roots, make a hole in the pit prepared a month ago. At the bottom of the hole prudently place the black soil. So you protect the roots from burns that may arise due to the location of fertilizer in the pit. The young seedling is placed so that the previously driven stake is located to the south. The root neck of the trunk must necessarily towered above the ground.

Finding the location of the root collar is very simple. In the place where the green color of the bark smoothly turns into a light brown color of the root system and will be the root collar. It is advisable not to go deeper into the ground border of the transition of the root collar. If this is done, then the apple tree will grow very poorly, the fruits will begin to grow tied and appear late, and the yield will become periodic. But also by planting a seedling above the root collar, the tree can be harmed, since in this case the root system is not deep enough into the soil. As a result, in dry, hot weather, the tree will not receive the amount of moisture it needs.

It is better to carry out the procedure of landing together. While one is holding the trunk at the required height, the second one gently sprinkles and tampers the roots with earth, especially carefully at the edges of the pit. In the process of planting, do not forget to periodically shake the root system slightly. It is necessary that all the voids in the roots be filled with earth. If this is neglected, the roots will soon begin to dry quickly and the plant will die.

Landing technique

The barrel with the help of plastic twine is tied to the planting stake with a free “figure of eight”. It is desirable that there are more than two stakes, otherwise the tree will slowly begin to change the slope of the trunk, and after a few years during a strong wind, not to mention a hurricane, it will simply fall. The garter to the stakes is necessary so that the apple tree does not settle and is able to firmly establish itself in the ground.

Then up to 3 buckets of water are poured, and the surface layer of the earth is mulched with the earth that remains from the dug hole. For this you can also use humus. Thanks to mulching, we rid ourselves of frequent soil loosening, since moisture can be kept in the ground for a long time.

When caring for a young seedling, it is necessary to water it once every seven days so that the soil is compacted. In the event that the tree settles with the ground, it should be slowly, without jerks, pulled up to the root neck. Every year, namely in the fall, it is recommended to pour in a new earth, since the root system may not be sufficiently deepened into the soil as it grows.

To choose a good sapling and plant it properly, you need to decide in advance on the type and type of apple. Further, adhering to all the rules, in the spring, dig and prepare a planting hole of the appropriate depth in which the young tree should be placed. And after a while you will become the owner of a luxurious apple orchard.

Preparation of the pit and planting seedlings (video)

This video will show how to prepare the landing hole for landing.

plodovie.ru

How to plant an apple tree in the fall?

Apples are rightfully considered a rejuvenating fruit, their rich vitamin-mineral complex helps the body to function properly, and cleans from harmful toxins. A person who has tasted the fruit of apples will never refuse to plant this wonderful fruit on his plot.

Once you plant an apple tree in your plot, you have the opportunity to receive its tasty fruits as a reward for up to 40 years. At first glance, this popular tree seems unpretentious, but many gardeners have already learned from bitter experience that the tree needs competent care. Pruning of old branches, grafting in other varieties, treatment against diseases, etc. And most importantly, in order for the apple tree to grow well and bear fruit, you need to know how to plant it properly.

Proper planting of apple in autumn

There are two types of apple trees: columnar and common. When planting a columnar apple in the fall, the planting scheme is as follows: you need to plant at a distance of 40 cm in a row and 2 meters between the rows. The pit for this species should be no more than 50x50 cm. It is necessary to fertilize completely all the soil set aside for planting. It is about 20 kg of compost per m², nitrogen fertilizer - 70 g, superphosphate 50 gr. After that, all the soil is dug up.

If you need to plant a few trees, planting pits is recommended to dig under each seedling. Well, for the rest, the technology of planting a columnar apple is exactly the same as when planting an ordinary apple tree.

How to plant an apple tree in the fall?

Planting young apple trees in the fall should begin with the preparation of the soil and the pit. Soils: rubble, stony, marshy - not suitable for apple trees. The soil should be well permeable to water and air. Groundwater should lie at 2.5 meters, no less.

The pit for apple seedlings should be prepared in a month. To do this, a 0.7-meter deep hole is dug in the soil, and 1 m in diameter. When you dig, do not mix the fertile top layer of earth with the lower layer. When the pit is dug, hammer a peg in the center of it, which is 5 cm thick and has a peg protruding 40-50 cm from the pit. In order to protect the peg from rotting, its lower part must be burned.

Further, the correct planting of an apple in autumn involves the preparation of a fertile mixture. It is necessary to mix the top layer of the earth with compost, peat, humus, organic fertilizers, and if the soil is clay, then you should also add sand. All this mixture is poured into the pit to the top, so that only a small mound rises above the surface. And leave the pit alone for a month.

The planting time for apple trees in the fall falls on the period from approximately September 20 to October 15.

Rules for planting an apple tree in the fall

The most crucial stage has come. Carefully inspect the root system of the seedling, the color should be white, if it is dark, brown, it means spoiled. We cut off the damaged tissues, healthy ones are cut to the living tissue by 2-3 cm.

In the pit, which we prepared a month earlier, we make a hole, at the bottom of the hole we form a small mound of black soil (so as not to burn the roots with fertilizer). The seedling must be inserted so that the peg is from him from the south. The root neck should rise about 5 cm above the surface.

The roots are well laid out on the hill, and sprinkle them with fertile land. You need to tamp carefully in order not to damage the roots. When the root system falls asleep, you need to periodically shake the seedling, then there will be a complete filling of the voids between the roots, and they will not dry out.

Pruning apple trees during planting in the fall is not done, pruning should be done to trees that have already taken root and in which the twigs grew during the season.

With proper landingtimely and proper care, you get a very good and rich harvest.

womanadvice.ru

When is it better to plant apples in spring or autumn? At what distance to plant apple trees?

With the acquisition of a country site, every gardener has a desire to have a luxurious apple orchard. In this regard, there are numerous questions about the choice of seedlings, about their competent planting and about when to plant apples in the suburbs. In addition, not all varieties can take root in the seasonal conditions of the northern region of Russia. The fertility and well-being of the future orchard depends on the correct solution of these issues.

Choose a season for planting apple trees

An important aspect when planting is the tranquility of a tree without leaves. In this state, the plant does not lose moisture, its branches do not shrink. In addition, soil conditions are important, restoring the roots of the seedling. This requires the rainy season, which comes in middle lane Russia with the onset of autumn. In the case of transfer of planting apple trees in the spring should be carried out activities without waiting for the buds and the appearance of dirt in the soil. To avoid unnecessary man-hours, it is necessary to prepare the seats in advance.

Categories of apple trees for the Moscow region

If you decide on when to plant apples in the suburbs, it remains to choose the appropriate varieties. The climate in the Moscow region, located in the northern part of Russia, is rather severe, so the southern varieties will not give the desired growth and yield. Winter-hardy varieties will bear fruit well in this region. Also, apple trees differ in fruiting time. There are trees that bear fruit in the summer, there are those that bring harvest in the fall.

For summer varieties of apple trees include "pear", "candy", "lungwort", "Chinese golden" and others. Late autumn varieties, such as Zhigulevskoe, cinnamon striped, cinnamon new, and streyfling, are characterized by high yields, large fruits, juicy sour-sweet taste. The most famous winter apple variety is Antonovka.

Based on the time of ripening of the fruit and the desire to have apples all year round, it is reasonable to plant at least two trees of each category of fruiting.

Planting apple trees in spring

On the question of when it is better to plant apples - in spring or autumn, many gardeners think. Those who decided to plant trees in the first half of the year should do this before the onset of the thaw. In the case of late planting, the roots are poorly restored, the plant is stunted and is ill for a long time. Young leaves burn under the action of the May sun, and the tree withers. For spring planting, the best age of seedlings is no more than 3 years. During the period when apple trees are planted in spring, the ground should warm up. To check this, it is enough to dig the soil with a shovel. If the bayonet easily entered the ground, you can begin landing work.

Planting apple trees in the fall

Specialists will help you decide when it is better to plant apples in spring or autumn.

Autumn planting of apple seedlings is preferable in that the root system is at rest and gets used to the new conditions. For a safe growth and a large volume of the crop, it is necessary to find out when it is better to plant an apple tree in the autumn. Many gardeners recommend choosing a time before the start of frost. The best option is September - early October. If the forecast promises a dry and harsh autumn, then with the landing it is better to wait until spring.

A good harvest depends on the purchased planting material. Therefore, you should carefully choose sprouts of apple trees.

Saplings in containers

Carefully inspect the trees in containers. If they are really grown in them, then growing young roots should be visible through the drainage outlets. It will be the best choice, because if the seedling is grown in the local region, it means that it was planted with a seed and managed to adapt. In addition, such a plant is grafted and will begin to bear fruit quickly. These trees do not need time to take root, so no doubt when it is better to plant apples in spring or autumn will not arise. They can be replanted at any time.

The seat should be chosen without haste, as the apple tree is planted not for a short time, but for many years.

Preparing a landing site

When choosing a seat, you should pay attention to the presence of other plants outside the territory of the site that can protect the apple trees from the north wind. It is not necessary to plant the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe garden with trees, otherwise in a few years the house will plunge into a solid shadow and grow over with grass. The perimeter of the plot will tell you how to plant apple trees. Often they are located along the border area, retreating to 4 meters and avoiding the south side.

If you decide to plant seedlings in the spring, then the place should be prepared in autumn. The clay soil does not allow water to pass through, therefore trees cannot be planted in such a pit. In this case, you need to raise the surface level by 80 cm, thereby creating a hill. It may consist of a compost pile, sprinkled with peat or sand.

Proper planting of apple seedlings

To seedling fell from gusts of strong wind, it should be tied up. The most reliable way is the construction of three stakes.

Properly planted tree in a few years will bring juicy and sweet fruit. And throughout life will be pleased with a bountiful harvest of fragrant and healthy apples.

fb.ru

Planting apple trees in spring

Enriching your own home and the surrounding area, perhaps, is the desire of every homeowner. And as a rule, gardening the yard begins with the planting of fruit trees, where one of the most popular plants can be called an apple tree.

We plant according to the season

First of all, we need to deal with the fact when it is possible to plant an apple tree, so that in the future it will not only develop properly, but also give a good and rich harvest.

Very many garden plants mostly planted in the fall or spring, and therefore the landing work is best done at this time. But in this article we will touch on the topic of spring planting only.

Planting apple trees in spring

In many ways, the timing of planting in the spring depends on the heating of air and soil. When the soil is frozen, the root system of the seedling may die, and therefore, starting this procedure, you need to make sure that the soil is warm enough. To do this, it will be enough just to work with a shovel. That is, in cases where the blade of the shovel enters the soil easily, then you can proceed to planting.

But, and if you see that the bayonet is beginning to sag, then stamping them in the frozen ground, I do not recommend you to experiment with seedlings. But usually the apple trees are planted in spring from mid-April. It is then recommended to check the temperature of the soil. But it also does not need to overdo it with the force of pressing on the shovel.

Apple tree planting scheme

Any fruit trees on garden plot must be planted in such a way that they do not interfere with each other in the future. Not an exception in this list is also an apple tree. The distance left between the seedlings depends on the height of each of them.

The correct step between the trees is equal to the sum of the heights of these plants.. Only in such a scenario, it will not be so problematic to care for them, and besides, they will not interfere with each other, either under the soil (root system) or on top (crown).

How to plant an apple tree in the spring?

The first thing we need to do is to prepare a hole for a plant that we dig out in advance (at least a few days in advance before its landing in the ground).

But with a spring planting, you can also dig a hole in the fall. That is, before the rainy season, the pit should already be ready. And with the arrival of the spring sun inside our pit, there will already be excellent conditions for the young sapling to take root.

Landing rules

The diameter of the excavated pit should be at least 60 cm, and the depth is 80 cm. But depending on the seedling, the size of the pit may vary somewhat.
If the pillar of our plant is thin, then in the center of the pit we will necessarily drive a stake, to which we will later tie our seedling.
Inwardly, fertilizers are laid in the form of humus, rotted manure or compost. The complex mineral fertilizer is added next, after which it is slightly dropped by the ground. After that, in order to shrink, for some period (at least 3 - 5 days) do not touch the pit.
After passing through the shrinkage stage, you can proceed with the planting procedure, which can be done according to the following scheme: we set up the seedling in the dug hole and straighten its roots. While the helper will hold the seedling, you start dropping it, while periodically pressing down the soil with your foot.
After installing the seedling, we produce watering, and in cases of necessity we also tie it up.

That's the whole technique. Remember, with the proper conduct of each process, planting an apple tree may portend a very positive end result.

chudoogorod.ru

How to plant apple seedlings

Technique of planting apple seedlings and others fruit trees. For planting apple seedlings (as well as pears), they dig pits with a depth of 0.5–0.6 and a width of 1 m (preferably up to 1.5 m), and for saplings of other species - with a depth of 0.4 and a width of 0.6-0, 8 m. In low places and with dense subsoil pits should be done no deeper than 0.3-0.4 m, so that they do not accumulate water.

Landing time

It is better to dig holes in advance at the beginning of September for both autumn and spring planting and at the same time to fill them with fertilizer soil. The upper sod layer is discarded in one direction, and the soil from the lower layer in the other. To fill the planting pits, it is better to use only the fertile soil of the upper layer, taken out while digging the pits, and add the missing soil from the row spacing.

Then a stake with a length of 120–140 cm to a depth of 10–15 cm is driven into the untouched bottom of the landing pit, so that it has a stable position and does not reach the lower branch after planting the seedling. Then, the showered soil is poured into the planting pit.

Fertilization

In the central and northern regions, the local application of organic and mineral fertilizers in the planting pits accelerates the entry of trees into the fruiting stage and contributes to an increase in yield.

In the planting pits make one of the types of each fertilizer: organic, phosphoric, potash and lime.

If the pits fall asleep a few months before planting, then you can use any organic fertilizer, except for fresh manure. When backfilling the pits shortly before planting, it is better to take humus or compost.

To improve the physical properties of the soil, besides humus, it is necessary to add peat to the planting pits, preferably lowland peat. Before application, peat is composted with a small amount of a rapidly-decaying organic fertilizer (with semi-mature manure, slurry or faeces).

The soil when filling the planting pit is enriched with phosphorus and potassium. On acidic soils, it is better to take not one superphosphate as a phosphate fertilizer, but its mixture with phosphate rock. Potassium fertilizers are useful to mix with ground limestone or lime (1: 1 ratio). When you apply ash as potash fertilizer, the lime dose is halved. magnesium-containing lime.

With a mixture of soil and fertilizers, 2/3 of the depth of the pit is filled, and a layer of soil without fertilizers is poured on top. As the pit is filled, the soil in the middle of it, and especially along the edges, is slightly trampled down, which should be done very carefully on heavy soils.

Fruit trees should be planted in early autumn (late September and no later than 20-30 days before the soil freezes) or in early spring (until mid-May). Usually planting material is obtained in October and is delayed with planting, which worsens the overwintering of seedlings. In the middle zone, spring planting of pome seeds gives, as a rule, better results than autumn.

Landing depth

Before planting, the roots of the seedlings taken from the digging are dipped into a soil or clay talker in a specially prepared pit in which the soil or clay is filled with water. When using a clay talker, it should not be allowed to dry strongly during planting, in such cases a very dense layer of clay is formed, which brings not good, but harm. To drive in the center landing pit Coke sprinkle the soil, so that formed a mound. Close to the cola, a seedling is placed on a hillock so that its root collar is 3-7 cm above the soil level. This is determined by the board, vising on the general level of the soil. This depth of planting can not be taken as a template, it depends on the soil, the degree of its compaction and other conditions. When planting, for example, in newly filled holes, subsidence can be a quarter of its depth.

Sometimes, vaccinations are mistaken for the root collar. With a high budding, it is 8–12 cm higher than the root collar, and then, as a result of improper planting, the root collar can be ruined, the seedling is planted very deeply and can die.

Backfilling pit

Planting is best done by two people: one sets the tree on the north side of the stake to the appropriate height and spreads the roots on a hill, a second shovel sprinkles loose soil, scattering it evenly around the stem. At the same time, he shakes the tree several times in order to better fill the gaps between the roots with soil. Soil around the roots compacted feet. When performing this work, they turn to the seedling and gradually press from the periphery to the center. In such cases, the root to the periphery is located deeper and its upper part does not rise to the top.

A roller is made around the seedling, and in the middle - a watering hole. The roller should have a diameter according to the size of the landing hole.

Watering

Immediately after planting, it is necessary to water the sapling well (1-2 buckets of water for one sapling), even if the weather is rainy. As soon as water is absorbed into the soil, they mulch with humus or peat at the rate of 18–20 kg per tree.

A seedling is tied to a cola in one or two places. It should not be immediately tied to the cola tightly, since in this case the sapling will not be able to settle with the soil, it will linger and its roots will be exposed; after the soil has settled, the seedling is tied to the cola tightly so that it does not swing.

On podzolized soils, the creation of favorable conditions in the first years of growth of seedlings, when the root system has to develop an unfavorable growth podzol horizon, is of great importance.

You can not deepen fruit trees when planting, as this not only impairs growth, delays and reduces fruiting, but often leads to the death of fruit trees. Horizontal roots, falling into the underlying layers of the soil, do not receive the necessary heat and nutrition. When the root collar is buried, the bark of the shtamba often heats up, being in an environment with high humidity.

Near buried seedlings growing on level ground should not do pits, as they stagnate water and soak the roots. Deepening seedlings growing on the slopes can be easily corrected by building terraces (steps).

At high planting, the roots can be laid, which need to be covered with soil, and the tree will start to grow well. In wet places, fruit trees are planted on mounds (30-45 cm high).

Planting berries is carried out with good soil cultivation as well as for fruit trees. The soil is cultivated to a depth of 30-40 cm, which greatly facilitates subsequent maintenance.