When digging onions in the garden. Proper drying of onions. The optimal time for harvesting onions

When most of the leaves on the turnip have laid on the bed, it is time to clean it. It is at this time that the maximum amount of nutrients accumulates in the bulb. Onions are harvested in the second decade of August. If done correctly, it will be well kept.

Signs of ripening onion turnips

Visually determine the time of harvesting (and in Siberia, and in the Moscow region, and in the middle lane and in Ukraine) can be on a false stalk: the growth of the bulb stopped if it softened and lost elasticity. By this time the bulb is already formed, the husk has acquired the color characteristic of this variety. If you hurry and remove the onion ahead of time, then pathogens can penetrate through the neck, which still remains thick, and this will lead to its decay in the storehouse.

Well, if, for various reasons, the onion harvesting is late, it will also have a bad effect on its preservation, because by this time the onions can begin to grow again, new roots will appear, a large amount of nutrients will be lost and such a turnip cannot be stored for a long time.

Folk methods to accelerate ripening

If the weather is rainy and the cleaning time is already fine, you can accelerated ripening  Luke. For this there are popular methods. Here are some of them:

  • mowing leaves in onions seven days before harvesting;
  • otbrebanie land from the bulbs for 8-10 days before harvesting;
  • undermining the roots of the bulbs with a fork;
  • cutting roots with a shovel 5-6 cm below the bottom of the bulb.

All these methods are aimed at limiting the supply of nutrients to the bulb to accelerate its maturation. All the nutrients from the leaves will have time to go into the bulb and the harvest will not fall.

Video: How to determine that the onion is ready for harvest

Methods for harvesting onions

Clean onions preferably in dry windy weather. You can pull onions with your hands, if the ground is sandy, light, loamy, but on heavy soils it is better to break in the onions with a fork or a shovel, stepping back from the bulbs, so as not to damage, and then gently pull out. Without digging from the onion, the bottom can be torn off, and from this it will rot when stored. Dug onions can not be shaken off the ground by tapping, as it does not suffer mechanical damage. It is better to carefully clean it from the ground with your hands. After that, the onion must be decomposed to dry. Put it in rows in a sunny place, having roots in one direction, and leaves - in another. You can turn the onion turnip from time to time so that it dries well. The influence of the sun's rays contributes to the disinfection of onions.

The immature onions should be eaten as early as possible, without leaving for storage. When the onions are dry, the leaves are cut, but the neck is always 4-5 cm long. This is done so that it is well kept. The neck, as it were, seals access to the bulb, and it is not afraid of various bacteria that can get into it in storage. If you cut the leaves very low, the bulb will remain open to disease.

You can not cut dry leaves, they will form the basis for braiding in braids. In this case, for strength, you can weave bundles of straw or twine. The roots of the onion cut carefully with sharp scissors or a knife, trying not to touch the bottom.

The degree of drying onions

In order to understand whether the onion has dried well, you need to turn it up by putting your hand into the bow of the onion. If it is dried well, the hand will pass freely. Well, in not enough dry hand can not push through.

It is necessary to trace to what extent the onion has dried in order not to overdry it. In dried onions, outer scales may be separated from the bulbs, and bare bulbs will be poorly stored.

How to avoid onion diseases

If a large amount of manure was introduced into the soil on which the onions were grown, or the soil was very wet, it would not be enough to dry it up with drying alone.

To avoid neck rot, which does not manifest itself during the growth of onions, as well as prevent infection with downy mildew, it needs to be dried again. At the same time, the drying temperature should be high - around 32–33 ° С, and the drying time should be five days. It is possible to reduce the drying time to 8 hours, but then the temperature should be 42–43 ° C. You can also powder the onions with chalk. To determine the degree of drying, you need to turn the onion neck, and if it breaks, then the onion is ready for storage.

If it happened that they dug onions in rainy weather, then it should be washed, completely cleaned of scales and leaves, cut off the roots and spread out to dry a layer in one row. The room must be dry and ventilated. It will take 15-20 days, and the bulbs will be covered with a new husk, but only in one layer. Such a bow can also be saved, although you need to tinker. You can store it in a toilet or kitchen cabinet by placing it in a cardboard box. It will be stored in the same way as onions collected in dry weather.

In the unheated premises onion turnip is stored until November. But with the arrival of frost, you need to move it to a dry room, where the temperature does not fall below 0 ° C.

Weeks 2 to 3 before harvesting the onions stop watering them. This is done so that additional roots do not grow, and the bulbs are better kept in winter.

Determine the time when to remove the bow from the garden is very simple.
  After onion  will begin to turn yellow and lie on the ground, the bow can be removed.
   The main signs of ripe onions: feathers become yellow and begin to dry, the stems lie on the bed (both the whole bed of onions and part of the plantings can lie down).
   Usually, for middle band  In Russia, the time when the onion is removed from the garden begins on the last days of July, after July 20 and lasts until mid-August, subject to good weather.
   If the weather in August is rainy, then onions should be removed on the head earlier, without waiting for the rains.
  Summer in 2016 is quite cold, so it is better to remove onions from the beds in August, after August 10, when the time of the waning moon comes.

You can calculate when you need to remove the bow from the bed mathematically.
  The onion period of onions is 68 - 83 days, therefore, taking away this period from the date of planting, it is easy to understand the date of harvest, when to remove the onions on the head. Calculating the date of harvesting onions, take into account how summer was sunny or rainy. If the summer is cold and rainy, then the time of ripening increases. Be sure to be guided by the signs of ripening onions.

How to dig onions.
   It is better to dig out or, rather, pull out onions in clear sunny weather.
Pull the onion from the bed in the morning and leave to dry in the sun until the evening, shaking it up from time to time and turning it over to dry better. Then transfer it to the attic, to the shed, or at least to the balcony and dry it in a ventilated dry place for several days. If the weather is dry and sunny, and you live in the country, then you can dry onions after harvesting on the garden bed for about 7-12 days. Cover overnight with film or covering material.

How much time to dry onions?
  Need to look at the neck. When it is dry, then you can clean up for storage. It must be remembered that what better bow  dried, the better it will be stored, less rotting during storage.

How to dry onions and put in storage.
   When the feathers are dry, they need to be cut, leaving the tip about 7 - 10 cm, and the roots, leaving 1 - 2 cm.
   With such pruning, winter onions are stored in baskets, boxes, boxes, in nets. In order for the onions to dry well and to be kept all winter long, it must be agitated. Either they dry and stack onions for storage in women's nylon tights and hang them in a dry room (if at home, in a room, then behind the cupboard). Another way to store onions for the winter is to braid spit out of them. To do this, the bulbs are cut long, leaving stems 10-15 cm long. Twice the bulbs in pairs and twist around the string, and store in a suspended state.

Source: http://www.superda4nik.ru/kogda-ubirat-luk/ Website www.superda4nik.ru - practical advice  for garden and home

The onion turnip is ready for harvesting when he begins a mass lodging of the leaves. Under favorable conditions, this happens by mid-August.
  The size of the crop, the quality and the keeping quality of the bulbs largely depend on the correctly chosen harvesting period. The maximum amount of nutrients accumulates in the bulb at the time of lodging of the leaves.
  By this time, the false stem softens and loses its elasticity, which means the end of plant growth, the bulb has formed and has become characteristic of the variety color
  The onion harvested early does not have time to form covering scales, its neck remains thick, open, and pathogens easily penetrate through the garden bed, resulting in large storage losses.
  Late harvesting also has a negative effect on the keeping quality of onions, since over-ripened onions dry scales crack and fall off, the roots grow again, and this reduces the resistance of the onions to disease. Such bulbs are not suitable for storage in winter.
In a humid summer, if the onion harvest time is suitable, and you see that the onion is not ready for harvesting (leaves are green, the neck is thick, and the bulbs are without colored scales), then the maturation process can be accelerated if you wish. For this there are many popular ways.
  Some gardeners mow down leaves a week before harvesting onions. But this is the worst way, because mowing leaves leads to a significant yield loss. Other gardeners, 8–10 days before harvesting, rake off the ground from the bulbs, and still others, with a pitchfork, carefully lift the bulbs, slightly undermining the roots. Many gardeners prune the roots with a sharp spatula 5–6 cm below the tip of the bulb, etc.
  The technique of execution is different, and the meaning of all these operations is the same - to significantly limit the flow of nutrients into the bulb and speed up its maturation. In this case, the nutrients from the dead leaves will have time to go into the bulbs, and the harvest will not suffer.
  Onions should be harvested in dry, windy weather. If the ground is light (sandy, light loamy), then the plants simply take their hands on the leaves and pull them out of the ground. On heavier soil, rows first break in with a shovel or pitchfork at some distance from the bulbs so as not to damage them, and then carefully remove them from the soil.
  It should not be forgotten that without undermining, the bulb is often pulled out without a plinth and then easily rots.
  It is impossible to shake the ground by tapping the bulbs on the ground, since they do not tolerate even light mechanical damage. Therefore, the land from the bulbs must be removed with his hands. Then the onions are laid out in rows to dry for 10-12 days in an open, sunny place: the bulbs in one direction, and the leaves - in the other. If necessary, the plants are inverted to speed drying. Among other things, the sun's rays disinfect the onions.
  When harvesting, separate unripe onions with thick necks should be selected for use as food in the fall. After drying, the onions cut off the leaves, leaving the neck 4–5 cm long. Too low trimming of the feather on the bulb (flush with the neck of the bulb) is harmful and will result in increased onion losses during winter storage.
  Sometimes dry tops are not cut and store onions tied in braids or wreaths. And for strength, bundles of straw or twine are woven into the leaves. The roots of the bulb are cut with a sharp knife or scissors under the bottom, without touching it.
Well dried onion rustles when agitating. A hand enters freely in a pile of well-dried onions, and you cannot push a hand into an undersized onion. Dry outer scales protect the bulbs from moisture evaporation and allow the onions to be stored for a long time in a dry room. But it is also impossible to overdry the onion, since at the same time the dry outer scales crack, separate, appear naked bulbs, which are poorly stored.
  For onions grown on moist soils, on highly fertilized and nitrogen-rich soils, drying onions alone is not enough. With a neck rot, the bow becomes infected in the garden, but in a growing state it does not manifest at all.
  To protect such onions from damage by cervical rot and downy mildew during storage, it must be dried again at a higher temperature, 32–33 ° C, for 5 days, or 42–43 ° C for 8 hours. It is advisable to powder onions with chalk powder. Onions are considered to be well dried if its neck breaks when turning. The onion prepared this way is ready for long-term storage in winter.
  If during harvesting the onions there is rainy weather for a long time and the onion has to be removed from too wet ground, then after digging it must be washed, immediately cleaned of husk and feather, cut off the roots and spread out in one row to dry in a dry, well-ventilated room. After 15–20 days, a new husk will appear on the bulbs, but only in one layer.
  Such onions are well kept in a cardboard box in the toilet or on the kitchen cupboard. On such a bow, onions with a thick, unclosed neck are clearly visible, which should be immediately used as food. But it is kept no worse than onions collected in dry weather. Only fussing with such a bow is much more.
  Until November, the turnip can be stored in unheated rooms (garages, sheds, summer kitchens), and with the onset of constant frosts - in dry rooms where the temperature does not drop to minus marks. But this is a topic for another conversation.

V. G. Shafransky

Http://fermer.ru/content/podhodit-vremya-ubirat-luk-repku

Onions - a vegetable, without which our life is difficult to imagine. Practically in every dish, with the exception of dessert, we use this useful root vegetable: roll-ups, salads, gravy, soups and borscht. It is not surprising that many gardeners prefer to grow onions themselves in summer houses and garden plots. Although the vegetable can not be called demanding care, yet some features exist. This also applies to the question of when to remove the onion from the garden. By the way, for inexperienced gardeners this may be a problem. Our article is an aid.

When it is necessary to remove the bow and why is it important to know?

It is no secret that only truly mature onions should be harvested, but it is important not to give the root vegetables to ripen. It is these two conditions - a guarantee that your harvest will be stored for a long time. Otherwise, pathogens will easily penetrate the early harvested onions. As a result, the bulbs will start to rot. Overripe onions are also poorly stored, as its scales will begin to fall off early. As a result, the roots will soon begin to grow, which is not the best effect on storage.

So, to guarantee yourself a long-lasting crop, you need to know when you can remove the onions. Usually, onion beds are harvested at the end of July-August (depending on the climatic zone). But, you see, this is a rather large time period. There are several ways to determine the time of ripening of a vegetable. Consider them in more detail.

When onions are removed from the bed - the mathematical way

The proposed mathematical method is based on the knowledge of the average period of maturation. To calculate the time when you need to remove the bow, you need to add from 68 to 83 days to the date of planting. Counting on the calendar, you get an approximate date of ripening of the root. However, as you can see, this is not a very accurate way, since you should take into account climatic conditions, varieties, weather, and much more. In addition, not every summer resident will be able to remember the landing date.

When it is better to remove the bow: determined by appearance

This is the most effective way to determine, it is suitable for any climatic zone in your region. First of all, you need to pay attention right away when you notice that the leaves start to turn yellow in the garden beds, the stems become dry and the bed is laid down on the ground. This is a kind of signal that the onion begins to ripen. Moreover, it is important that tracking occurs in most of the planted plants. At this time, you can dig a few bulbs to assess their maturation. Do this carefully so as not to damage the bulbs. It is best to dig forks, then the chances of hitting the vegetable less. Carefully inspect the onion - it should be firm, with a soft and dry neck, dry scales and the same roots.

It happens that a gardener just needs to speed up the ripening of the crop on the onion bed. In this case, experienced gardeners recommend a week before the intended harvesting mow the tops. There is another option - onions raise a shovel or forks to the surface of the earth, because of which access to moisture will be limited.

Practically the same recommendations can be given on the question of when to clean winter onions. True, it ripens a little earlier (in the middle - the end of July), because it is planted in late autumn. The main signs of ripening, in addition to lodging and yellowing of the tops, are the appearance of the characteristic color of the covering scales - red, orange or blue.

The above tips and recommendations are suitable for turnip onions. If we talk about when to harvest leeks, or less often grown with us or chives, then the middle - the end of August is optimally suited. This time can be used to cut the greens and prepare it for storage.

When harvesting onions from the garden, depends on the region, on the weather, on the variety of the planted vegetable, on the level of humidity, on the composition of the soil. Onions - one of the essential vegetables that we eat almost daily. Whoever has a vegetable garden will always leave a large piece of land on a mandatory basis in order to plant more onions on it. In the spring, it is so nice to go and pick a green onion to add to a fresh salad, and at the end of summer to harvest and use it until next season. When to remove a bow from a garden bed for storage for the winter according to the lunar calendar - we will find out in more detail.

Look again, and how to determine the timing of the harvest.

Many people know that after planting onions, after 70-80 days, you can already harvest. So is it necessary to believe the lunar calendar and in general, what is it? The sun and moon affect millions of millennia on everything living on planet Earth. The moon is a constant satellite of the Earth, orbiting the sun. When the gravitational period comes (this is the period of the new moon), the pull of all life down occurs. After it comes a period of attraction up. That's the way they calculate it by Lunar calendar  most suitable dates for harvesting or planting vegetables.

When to remove the bow

According to the lunar calendar in regions with mild, not very hot summer, onions should be harvested from the beds in early August. Since this year the summer is not particularly hot, it is best to start collecting in early August, at this time the moon begins to decrease.

The exact dates of harvesting onions on the calendar in the month of August: 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 16, 20, 29, 30. If someone does not have a lunar calendar, then you can harvest in full moon. So say gardeners with years of experience, and at this time the fruit is the most juicy and mature.

Arithmetic calculation of the harvest date

Experienced gardeners know that it takes from 70 to 80 days to ripen onions. Therefore, it is best to record the exact date of planting, then add these numbers, and you will know the date of harvest.

Watering onions

In the middle of July, they usually stop watering the beds on which the onions grow. Because even a little rain can slow down the formation of the bulbs in the soil. When moisture enters, all forces go to the green part and slow the formation of the bulb. When the ground is dry, the underground part begins to gain strength and grow.

Signs of maturation


Following the lunar calendar or calculating arithmetically, you still need to pay attention to the external signs of the vegetable.

The first thing that shows onion ripening is dried feathers, which are already lying on the ground. In some cases, the feathers may be still greenish, but already very weak, falling on the soil. If the summer was rainy and cold, then waiting for the feathers to completely shrivel will not be easy.
   The second sign is a dried onion neck. If, by clicking on it, you feel that it is completely dry - the vegetable is ready for harvest.
   The third is a husk sticking out of the ground, dry and scaly.

How to harvest

Onions are usually dug with a garden fork or spatula. Many simply pull him out of the garden, pulling lightly on the stalks. It is necessary to clean the ground with a bow with your hands and in no case beat each other, otherwise you will not be able to withstand such a “broken” bow throughout the winter.


How to prepare for winter

Having dug up the onions, they leave it just on the beds for 5-6 days, or even for a whole week, in order to dry properly. It would be good to turn the crop every two days so that the lower part also dries out. Well, in case the weather promises rain, it is better to take the crop away and leave it under a shed.
  Many onions are collected in bunches of six to seven bulbs, tied and hung from the ceiling in the pantry or utility room. The main thing is to have good ventilation in this room.


Varieties of varieties

  • Sevok - begin to dig this variety in early August and until the middle of the month. As soon as the above-ground part of the vegetable dried up and lay down on the ground, they immediately begin collecting onions.
  • Leek - dig in early October. After it is dug, they immediately cut the roots by two centimeters and shorten the green part by 2/3 of the entire length.
  • Shallot - this variety ripens much faster than onions and they begin to dig it from the middle of July.

Now you know when to remove the bow from the garden, and how to determine the timing.

Remove the bow should only be the one that has matured. On average, the period of ripening lasts from 65 to 85 days (it all depends on the region of growth, weather and other factors that determine the period of ripening of the crop).

Features of harvesting onions

Onions are harvested in sunny, dry weather, when the plant stems begin to turn yellow and fall to the ground. If suddenly from the date of planting onions enough time has passed, and the stems have not yet fallen to the ground, they need to be put on their own (thanks to this, the bow will stop receiving nutrients and prepare for future digging). And besides, a few days before harvesting stop watering the plants.
Onions are harvested from mid-August to the first half of September.

A bow from the ground is not recommended to be pulled out: it is carefully dug out with a pitchfork without damaging the onions. But do not rush to harvest: let the onions soak up in the sun and dry out (this will ensure high safety of the crop). If the yard during the harvest, light rain or cloudy weather, dried onions collected from the beds under a canopy. In addition, the harvested crop can be dried in an oven or electric dryer at a low temperature (35 ° C - 40 ° C) for 4-5 hours. It is very important to prevent the onion pereushka, since the husk covering the onions will crack and for the pathogenic bacteria will open the field for activity. If the onions are not dried, it is likely that the crop will partially rot (die).

When the harvested onion dries, carefully trim the roots, leaving 1-1.5 cm, as well as stems 7-10 cm long. Properly harvested and well-dried onions are a guarantee that the harvested crop will not deteriorate and will last for a long time.

How to store onions

Dug and dried onion quality placed in wooden boxes: it is laid out in a container so that the height of the folded onion does not exceed 22-25 cm, and the top is covered with dry onion peel.
Under no circumstances should plastic bags be used to store onions, as they do not allow air to pass through.

For storage, it is better to choose a dry cool place, for example, it can be a basement or a cellar. In the wooden boxes make vents on the sides. It is believed that the best temperature for storing onions is 0 ° C. If there is no cellar or basement at home, you can save the harvest in the kitchen or on the balcony (the temperature should be 18 ° C - 20 ° C). When storing in the kitchen, onions should be inspected from time to time, choosing and discarding spoiled onions. If you shift the onions with fern leaves, it will continue for a long time.



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